{"data":{"allShapeableCollectionRecord":{"nodes":[{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afbe","path":"/opportunities/2022-geneva-science-and-diplomacy-anticipation-summit-introduction","summary":{"plain":"The GESDA Foundation’s second annual gathering — the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipation Summit, or GESDA Summit — took place on 12-14 October 2022 in Geneva, Switzerland, at Campus Biotech.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The GESDA Foundation’s second annual gathering — the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipation Summit, or GESDA Summit — took place on 12-14 October 2022 in Geneva, Switzerland, at Campus Biotech, where GESDA is headquartered. It consolidated its standing as a new force for global multilateral action based on anticipatory science and diplomacy. This hybrid event expanded participation from all of GESDA’s collaborative pathways including the first assessments from a high-level political panel and from a youth cohort.\n"},"slug":"2022-geneva-science-and-diplomacy-anticipation-summit-introduction","name":"2022 Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipation Summit Introduction","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Foundation’s second annual gathering — the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipation Summit, or GESDA Summit — took place on 12-14 October 2022 in Geneva, Switzerland, at Campus Biotech.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696834290/gesda-23/banner/2022-gesda-summit-banner_thumbnail__banner-2022_Gesda_Summit_thumbnail_aoekca.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696834290/gesda-23/banner/2022-gesda-summit-banner_thumbnail__banner-2022_Gesda_Summit_thumbnail_aoekca.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696834290/gesda-23/banner/2022-gesda-summit-banner_thumbnail__banner-2022_Gesda_Summit_thumbnail_aoekca.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696834290/gesda-23/banner/2022-gesda-summit-banner_thumbnail__banner-2022_Gesda_Summit_thumbnail_aoekca.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696834290/gesda-23/banner/2022-gesda-summit-banner_thumbnail__banner-2022_Gesda_Summit_thumbnail_aoekca.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc1","path":"/current-edition/a-letter-from-the-chairmen","summary":{"plain":"Citizens of the world deserve more than belated debates such as those surrounding AI and ChatGPT. Anticipation in the service of science and diplomacy is not only our raison d'être but also one of our most prominent distinguishing features.\n"},"intro":{"plain":""},"slug":"a-letter-from-the-chairmen","name":"A Letter from the Chairmen","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Citizens of the world deserve more than belated debates such as those surrounding AI and ChatGPT. Anticipation in the service of science and diplomacy is not only our raison d'être but also one of our most prominent distinguishing features.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760338889/gesda-platform/banner/letter-from-the-chairmen_image__Letter_from_the_chairmen_2026_bn1hvr.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760338889/gesda-platform/banner/letter-from-the-chairmen_image__Letter_from_the_chairmen_2026_bn1hvr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760338889/gesda-platform/banner/letter-from-the-chairmen_image__Letter_from_the_chairmen_2026_bn1hvr.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760338889/gesda-platform/banner/letter-from-the-chairmen_image__Letter_from_the_chairmen_2026_bn1hvr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760338889/gesda-platform/banner/letter-from-the-chairmen_image__Letter_from_the_chairmen_2026_bn1hvr.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1f7","name":"Peter Brabeck-Letmathe","slug":"peter-brabeck-letmathe","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Born in Austria in 1944, Mr Brabeck-Letmathe graduated from the University of World Trade in Vienna with a degree in economics. After joining Nestlé Group in 1968, he spent a significant part of his career in Latin America before being transferred to Nestlé’s international headquarters in Vevey as Senior Vice President. Appointed Executive Vice President as of 1992 and Member of the Executive Board, he was in charge of strategic business units, sales & marketing and corporate communications. He led Nestlé Group from 1997 to 2008, first as CEO until 2005 and then as Chairman & CEO. In April 2008, he stepped down as CEO and remained Chairman of Nestlé S.A. On 6 April 2017, Mr Brabeck-Letmathe was appointed Chairman Emeritus of Nestlé S.A. Mr Brabeck-Letmathe also serves as Vice Chairman of the Foundation Board of the World Economic Forum and as Chairman of the Foundation Board of the Verbier Festival. He is Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Biologique Recherche and Chairman of the Advisory Board of SES-imagotag. He is the former Chairman and now an independent board member of Formula One Group and serves as a member of the Board of Directors of Salt Mobile SA. He is also Chairman of the Business Policy International Advisory Board of San Telmo Business School. Before that, he served on the boards of Roche, Credit Suisse, L’Oréal and Exxon Mobil Corporation. In addition, he was Chairman of the 2030 Water Resources Group, a public-private partnership that operates within the World Bank."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987513/gesda-22/person/peter-brabeck-letmathe_photo__peter-brabeck-letmathe_3_lls9w8.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987513/gesda-22/person/peter-brabeck-letmathe_photo__peter-brabeck-letmathe_3_lls9w8.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987513/gesda-22/person/peter-brabeck-letmathe_photo__peter-brabeck-letmathe_3_lls9w8.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1f2","name":"Patrick Aebischer","slug":"patrick-aebischer","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Aebischer is President Emeritus of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL).\n\nDuring his 16-year term as EPFL President, from 2000 to 2016, he transformed the school and established it as a world-calibre university of science and technology. He is also a member of the Brain Mind Institute at EPFL’s School of Life Sciences. Prof Aebischer obtained degrees in medicine (1980) and neuroscience (1983) from the Universities of Geneva and Fribourg. From 1984 to 1992, he was a professor at Brown University’s Department of Neuroscience and Department of Biomaterials, Artificial Organs and Cellular Technology in the US. He returned to Switzerland in autumn 1992 as a full professor at the University of Lausanne and Director of the Division of Surgical Research and the Gene Therapy Centre at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV). Prof Aebischer is a member of the Singapore Health and Biomedical Sciences International Advisory Council (HBMS IAC), of the Scientific Committee of the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT) and of the International Advisory Board of Sabanci University in Istanbul. He also chairs the Advisory Committee of École Polytechnique in Paris. He serves on the boards of several not-for-profit organizations including the Swiss Polar Foundation, the Montreux Jazz Festival and the Verbier Festival. Prof Aebischer is a member of the Boards of Directors of Nestlé and Logitech. He is a former Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lonza. He is Chairman of the Novartis Venture Fund (NVF) and a Senior Partner at +ND Capital, a venture capital firm that invests in disruptive technology in the life, physical and data sciences. Prof Aebischer is a founder of three biotech start-ups."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc6","path":"/science-anticipation/acting-as-an-honest-broker","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"GESDA, with its Science Breakthrough Radar, aims to bring science to diplomacy, and to acquaint and alert on the anticipated scientific breakthroughs that will transform our society. Why should we trust science? What is the best path when we move from science to policy?\n"},"slug":"acting-as-an-honest-broker","name":"Acting as an Honest Broker","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"GESDA, with its Science Breakthrough Radar, aims to bring science to diplomacy, and to acquaint and alert on the anticipated scientific breakthroughs that will transform our society. Why should we trust science? What is the best path when we move from science to policy?\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727762885/gesda-platform/banner/banner-op-honest-broker_thumbnail__Acting_as_an_honest_broker_thumb_1900X1040_zqfjtr.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727762885/gesda-platform/banner/banner-op-honest-broker_thumbnail__Acting_as_an_honest_broker_thumb_1900X1040_zqfjtr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727762885/gesda-platform/banner/banner-op-honest-broker_thumbnail__Acting_as_an_honest_broker_thumb_1900X1040_zqfjtr.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727762885/gesda-platform/banner/banner-op-honest-broker_thumbnail__Acting_as_an_honest_broker_thumb_1900X1040_zqfjtr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727762885/gesda-platform/banner/banner-op-honest-broker_thumbnail__Acting_as_an_honest_broker_thumb_1900X1040_zqfjtr.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation"},"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b122","name":"Gérard Escher","slug":"gerard-escher","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Gérard Escher  has a diploma in Biology from the University of Geneva, and a PhD from the University of Lausanne. He joined the Department of Neurobiology at Stanford University as a postdoctoral fellow and research associate. After his return to Switzerland (University of Lausanne), he led a research group working on synapse formation. In 1999, he became scientific advisor to Secretary of State for Education and Research, Charles Kleiber. He became assistant director at the State Secretariat for Education and Research in January 2005, in charge of science policy and forecast. In 2008 he moved to EPFL, where he acted as senior advisor to President Patrick Aebischer (2008-2017) and Martin Vetterli (2017-2021). "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987148/gesda-22/person/gerard-escher_photo__image_jgcpin.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987148/gesda-22/person/gerard-escher_photo__image_jgcpin.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987148/gesda-22/person/gerard-escher_photo__image_jgcpin.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1aa","name":"Martin Müller","slug":"martin-muller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Müller leads the science anticipation work at GESDA. As such, he is in close interaction with the global scientific community in order to understand what is cooking in the labs and how future breakthroughs will impact humanity and the planet. The continuously updated GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is the outcome of this anticipatory work.\n\nDr Müller has a long experience working at the interface between science, science policy and diplomacy. After an initial stay in academia and completing a doctoral degree in biomedical engineering, Dr Müller joined SwissCore – the Swiss Contact Office for Education, Research and Innovation (ERI) – in Brussels and worked at the interface of science, science policy and diplomacy, first as a research advisor and then as co-director. In this role, he helped shape the involvement and safeguard the influence of Swiss ERI organizations with respect to the European Union, its institutional bodies and related organisations, at a critical time in Swiss-EU relations. In addition, Mr Müller held leadership roles in pan-European science organizations, such as chair of the Science Europe working group on Horizon Europe, the EU’s €80 billion research and innovation programme, and coordinator of a large pan-European initiative on strategic planning and funding for research facilities. He joined GESDA in September 2019 as Executive Director of the Academic Forum. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc9","path":"/ai-for-science","summary":{"plain":"Artificial intelligence is transforming the way scientists conduct research and accelerating progress across a wide range of scientific disciplines. \n"},"intro":{"plain":"Artificial intelligence is transforming the way scientists conduct research and accelerating progress across a wide range of scientific disciplines. This is because many of today's scientific challenges are highly complex, involving far more data than any individual can process and understand. AI can help us turn this abundance of information into understanding, and deepen the nature of questions researchers can ask.\n"},"slug":"ai-for-science","name":"AI for Science","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Artificial intelligence is transforming the way scientists conduct research and accelerating progress across a wide range of scientific disciplines. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981497/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-2_thumbnail__IC1-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981497/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-2_thumbnail__IC1-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981497/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-2_thumbnail__IC1-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981497/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-2_thumbnail__IC1-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981497/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-2_thumbnail__IC1-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b208","name":"Pushmeet Kohli","slug":"pushmeet-kohli","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Pushmeet Kohli is the Head of AI for Science at DeepMind, leading efforts including AlphaFold, a state-of-the-art AI system for predicting the 3D structure of proteins. Prior to this, he was the director of research at the Cognition group at Microsoft Research.\n\nPushmeet's research centres on using AI to solve impactful real world science-related problems. He is particularly interested in the use of machine learning techniques to enable and accelerate life sciences research, and the use of this knowledge for understanding and intervening in disease. Pushmeet also actively leads research on new techniques to ensure that AI systems are safe, reliable and trustworthy.\n\nPushmeet’s papers have won multiple awards and appeared in conferences in the fields of machine learning, computer vision, game theory and human computer interaction. His research has also been covered by popular media outlets such as Wired, Forbes, BBC, New Scientist and MIT Technology Review."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987542/gesda-22/person/pushmeet-kohli_photo__PUSHMEET-KOHLI_prg7mf.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987542/gesda-22/person/pushmeet-kohli_photo__PUSHMEET-KOHLI_prg7mf.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987542/gesda-22/person/pushmeet-kohli_photo__PUSHMEET-KOHLI_prg7mf.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afdc","path":"/deep-sea-mining","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The global transition to green energy depends on the continuing supply of particular metals and minerals. With many of the readily accessible sources of these commodities already being fully utilised, there has been a dramatic increase in interest in the harvesting and extraction of such minerals from the deep seabed, through submarine mining on an industrial scale. \n"},"slug":"deep-sea-mining","name":"Deep-Sea Mining","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The global transition to green energy depends on the continuing supply of particular metals and minerals. With many of the readily accessible sources of these commodities already being fully utilised, there has been a dramatic increase in interest in the harvesting and extraction of such minerals from the deep seabed, through submarine mining on an industrial scale. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727353/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-3-1-deep-sea_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC3-1_Deep-sea-thumb_o03lbj.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727353/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-3-1-deep-sea_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC3-1_Deep-sea-thumb_o03lbj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727353/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-3-1-deep-sea_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC3-1_Deep-sea-thumb_o03lbj.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727353/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-3-1-deep-sea_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC3-1_Deep-sea-thumb_o03lbj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727353/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-3-1-deep-sea_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC3-1_Deep-sea-thumb_o03lbj.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b081","name":"Alexander Proelss","slug":"alexander-proelss","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Prof. Proelss studied law in Bonn and Tübingen and passed the first state examination in law in 2000. He was subsequently employed as research associate at the chair of Professor Wolfgang Graf Vitzthum in Tübingen, where he was awarded his doctorate degree in 2003 with a thesis on „Protection of the Oceans under Public International Law and European Law“.\n\nDuring his legal clerkship, Prof. Proelss was, inter alia, based at the Federal Constitutional Court. In 2004, he passed the bar exam and was afterwards appointed assistant professor at Tübingen Universityʼs law faculty. As such, he was seconded for a period of 1,5 years to the Federal Constitutional Court (department of Justice Prof. Dr. Dr. Udo Di Fabio).\n\nIn July 2007, Proelss was appointed Professor for Public Law with a focus on the Law of the Sea at Kiel University. As co-director of the Walther-Schücking-Institute for International Law and member of the interdisciplinary cluster of excellence The Future Ocean“, he held this professorship from September 2007 until September 2010. During that time, Proelss was awarded the venia legendi (Habilitation) for public law, public international law and European Union law by the Faculty of Law of Tübingen University.\n\nFrom October 2010 to September 2018, Prof. Proelss held the chair in public international law and European law at Trier University. He was director of the Institute of Environmental Law (IUTR) (since January 2011), member of the board of the Center for European Studies (ZES) (since May 2011) and director of the Institute for Legal Policy (IRP). He declined the offer of a chair at Bremen University in July 2015. Since October 2018, Prof. Proelss holds the chair in the international law of the sea and international environmental law, public international law and public law at the University of Hamburg. His research focuses, among aspects of general international and European Union law, on the international law of the sea, international environmental law as well as international aspects of German constitutional law. Prof. Proelss is involved in several legal and interdisciplinary research projects and has advised government agencies, international organisations, private companies and NGOs at several occasions."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695099846/gesda-23/person/alexander-proelss_photo__Alexander_Proelss_vi0pyq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695099846/gesda-23/person/alexander-proelss_photo__Alexander_Proelss_vi0pyq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695099846/gesda-23/person/alexander-proelss_photo__Alexander_Proelss_vi0pyq.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afdf","path":"/oqi-sdg-use-cases-for-quantum/eco-friendly-fertilizer-production","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Fertilizers are vital for feeding the world's population, with global annual usage of around 200 million metric tonnes. However, their manufacturing processes are highly energy-intensive, accounting for approximately 1-2% of global energy consumption and a significant portion of global natural gas production.\n"},"slug":"eco-friendly-fertilizer-production","name":"Eco-friendly Fertilizer Production","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Fertilizers are vital for feeding the world's population, with global annual usage of around 200 million metric tonnes. However, their manufacturing processes are highly energy-intensive, accounting for approximately 1-2% of global energy consumption and a significant portion of global natural gas production.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696831460/gesda-23/banner/banner-invited-contributions_thumbnail__banner-invited_contributions_thumbnail_Thumb_yw31qt.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696831460/gesda-23/banner/banner-invited-contributions_thumbnail__banner-invited_contributions_thumbnail_Thumb_yw31qt.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696831460/gesda-23/banner/banner-invited-contributions_thumbnail__banner-invited_contributions_thumbnail_Thumb_yw31qt.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696831460/gesda-23/banner/banner-invited-contributions_thumbnail__banner-invited_contributions_thumbnail_Thumb_yw31qt.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696831460/gesda-23/banner/banner-invited-contributions_thumbnail__banner-invited_contributions_thumbnail_Thumb_yw31qt.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b013","path":"/oqi-sdg-use-cases-for-quantum","slug":"oqi-sdg-use-cases-for-quantum","name":"OQI SDG Use Cases for quantum"},"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc0","path":"/2023-villars-high-level-anticipation-workshop-on-neuro-augmentation","summary":{"plain":"At the inaugural Villars high-level Anticipation Workshop, a carefully chosen group of leaders from across several relevant disciplines met to discuss issues pertinent to the future of “neuro-augmentation”.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"At the inaugural Villars high-level Anticipation Workshop, a carefully chosen group of leaders from across several relevant disciplines met to discuss issues pertinent to the future of “neuro-augmentation”. The meeting was organised by the GESDA Academic Forum with the financial contribution of the foundation Defitech. A full list of attendees is available at the end of this report.\n"},"slug":"2023-villars-high-level-anticipation-workshop-on-neuro-augmentation","name":"2023 Villars High Level Anticipation Workshop on Neuro-augmentation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","color":{"value":"#078694"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"At the inaugural Villars high-level Anticipation Workshop, a carefully chosen group of leaders from across several relevant disciplines met to discuss issues pertinent to the future of “neuro-augmentation”.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727065/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-2-1-neuro-header_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD2-1_Neuro-thumb_aa9mbq.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727065/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-2-1-neuro-header_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD2-1_Neuro-thumb_aa9mbq.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727065/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-2-1-neuro-header_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD2-1_Neuro-thumb_aa9mbq.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727065/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-2-1-neuro-header_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD2-1_Neuro-thumb_aa9mbq.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727065/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-2-1-neuro-header_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD2-1_Neuro-thumb_aa9mbq.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1f2","name":"Patrick Aebischer","slug":"patrick-aebischer","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Aebischer is President Emeritus of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL).\n\nDuring his 16-year term as EPFL President, from 2000 to 2016, he transformed the school and established it as a world-calibre university of science and technology. He is also a member of the Brain Mind Institute at EPFL’s School of Life Sciences. Prof Aebischer obtained degrees in medicine (1980) and neuroscience (1983) from the Universities of Geneva and Fribourg. From 1984 to 1992, he was a professor at Brown University’s Department of Neuroscience and Department of Biomaterials, Artificial Organs and Cellular Technology in the US. He returned to Switzerland in autumn 1992 as a full professor at the University of Lausanne and Director of the Division of Surgical Research and the Gene Therapy Centre at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV). Prof Aebischer is a member of the Singapore Health and Biomedical Sciences International Advisory Council (HBMS IAC), of the Scientific Committee of the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT) and of the International Advisory Board of Sabanci University in Istanbul. He also chairs the Advisory Committee of École Polytechnique in Paris. He serves on the boards of several not-for-profit organizations including the Swiss Polar Foundation, the Montreux Jazz Festival and the Verbier Festival. Prof Aebischer is a member of the Boards of Directors of Nestlé and Logitech. He is a former Vice Chairman of the Board of Directors of Lonza. He is Chairman of the Novartis Venture Fund (NVF) and a Senior Partner at +ND Capital, a venture capital firm that invests in disruptive technology in the life, physical and data sciences. Prof Aebischer is a founder of three biotech start-ups."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987501/gesda-22/person/patrick-aebischer_photo__patrick-aebischer-400x400_ub1e8p.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b165","name":"Jocelyne Bloch","slug":"jocelyne-bloch","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jocelyne Bloch is Professor of Neurosurgery at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), where she heads the functional neurosurgery unit. Grégoire Courtine is Professor of Neuroscience at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL).\nJocelyne and Grégoire founded a research centre called NeuroRestore which combines the medical skills of the CHUV with the engineering expertise of the EPFL to develop innovative neuro therapies that involve neurosurgical interventions. Their neuroprosthetic implants have enabled paralysed people to walk again, which has earned them worldwide recognition.\nJocelyne and Grégoire also co-founded ONWARD medical, a company that aims to transform their scientific discoveries into medical treatments available to all."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677797680/gesda-22/person/jocelyne-bloch_photo__Femme_Femina_Anne-Laure-Lechat-2_v2tkt3.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677797680/gesda-22/person/jocelyne-bloch_photo__Femme_Femina_Anne-Laure-Lechat-2_v2tkt3.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677797680/gesda-22/person/jocelyne-bloch_photo__Femme_Femina_Anne-Laure-Lechat-2_v2tkt3.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b091","name":"Andrea Boggio","slug":"andrea-boggio","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Andrea Boggio is Professor of Legal Studies at Bryant University. He also teaches about the arts and human rights in the Master in Performing Arts Management at the Accademia Teatro alla Scala/Polytechnic University of Milan. \n\nHe completed his post-doc at the University of Geneva and has held academic positions at Keele University and the University of Turin. In recent years, he was a consultant for WHO, UNCESCR, the Special Rapporteur on Toxics and Human Rights, and the Special Rapporteur on the freedom of opinion and expression. \n\nHis latest edited book is Human Germline Genome Modification and the Right to Science. Human Germline Genome Modification and the Right to Science. A Comparative Study of National Laws and Policies (Cambridge University Press 2020). He is currently working on a two-volume book on the human right to science. Professor Boggio holds a degree from the Catholic University of Milan and Stanford Law School.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0aa","name":"Azad Bonni","slug":"azad-bonni","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Azad serves in an executive leadership role at Roche as Senior Vice President and Global Head of Neuroscience and Rare Diseases in pRED. He oversees a rich and differentiated portfolio from research to completion of Phase 2 trials.\nBefore Roche, Azad was Head of Neuroscience at Washington University in St Louis, and prior to that Professor of Neurobiology at Harvard. Azad is an international leader in neuroscience who has made fundamental discoveries on mechanisms of neuronal connectivity in the brain. He received his MD at Queen's University, neurology residency at McGill University, and PhD and postdoctoral training at Harvard University. Azad has trained over 40 exceptional graduate students and postdoctoral fellows, many of whom have launched their own independent laboratories at prestigious institutions. He has received numerous honors and awards including election to the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Royal Society of Canada, and National Academy of Medicine."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677805227/gesda-22/person/azad-bonni_photo__citations_d03vve.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677805227/gesda-22/person/azad-bonni_photo__citations_d03vve.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677805227/gesda-22/person/azad-bonni_photo__citations_d03vve.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b264","name":"Thomas Brox","slug":"thomas-brox","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Thomas Brox received his Ph.D. in computer science from the Saarland University, Germany in 2005. He was a postdoc at the University of Bonn, the University of Dresden, and the University of California at Berkeley. In 2010, he became full professor for Computer Vision at the University of Freiburg. He received the Longuet-Higgins Best Paper Award in 2004 and the Koenderink Prize for Fundamental Contributions in Computer Vision in 2014 for his work on optical flow estimation.  With his team, he pioneered several encoder-decoder based deep learning approaches, such as U-Net and FlowNet. He is an ELLIS fellow and, since 2020, he is also an Amazon Scholar in the Tübingen lablet."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1678256178/gesda-22/person/thomas-brox_photo__Picture1_u6oibt.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1678256178/gesda-22/person/thomas-brox_photo__Picture1_u6oibt.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1678256178/gesda-22/person/thomas-brox_photo__Picture1_u6oibt.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b12d","name":"Grégoire Courtine","slug":"gregoire-courtine","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jocelyne Bloch is Professor of Neurosurgery at the University Hospital of Lausanne (CHUV), where she heads the functional neurosurgery unit. Grégoire Courtine is Professor of Neuroscience at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL).\nJocelyne and Grégoire founded a research centre called NeuroRestore which combines the medical skills of the CHUV with the engineering expertise of the EPFL to develop innovative neuro therapies that involve neurosurgical interventions. Their neuroprosthetic implants have enabled paralysed people to walk again, which has earned them worldwide recognition.\nJocelyne and Grégoire also co-founded ONWARD medical, a company that aims to transform their scientific discoveries into medical treatments available to all."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677797424/gesda-22/person/gregoire-courtine_photo__220184_hxhovp.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677797424/gesda-22/person/gregoire-courtine_photo__220184_hxhovp.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677797424/gesda-22/person/gregoire-courtine_photo__220184_hxhovp.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b13a","name":"Ilka Diester","slug":"ilka-diester","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Ilka Diester studied biology with a focus on molecular and computational aspects at Humboldt University in Berlin. In 2008, she received her PhD about the “Representations of numerical formats in the monkey association cortex’ in the laboratory of Andreas Nieder in Tübingen. Her PhD work was awarded with the Academy prize for Biology of the Academy of Science of Göttingen in 2009. Supported by the Human Frontiers Science Program, Ilka spend three years as a postdoctoral fellow in the labs of Karl Deisseroth and Krishna Shenoy at Stanford University where she established optogenetics in monkeys. After her postdoctoral phase, she returned to Germany in 2011 and established her own lab at the Ernst Strüngmann Institute for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, where she combined her previous research fields and techniques, namely cognitive neuroscience, electrophysiology, molecular biology, optogenetics, and motor control. For her work, Ilka received the Boehringer-Ingelheim award in 2012 and the TILL Photonics Technocology Prize 2013. Further, Ilka was awarded the Bernstein Award for Computational Neuroscience in 2012, and the ERC Starting Grant in 2013. In 2014 Ilka was appointed as Professor of Optophysiology at the University of Freiburg. Since 2020, Ilka is director of the IMBIT, a building for research about Intelligent Machine Brain Interfacing Technology, and speaker of the Center BrainLinks-BrainTools. Her research group focuses on the investigation of cognitive motor control with optogenetic, electrophysiological and imaging techniques in rodents."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677797206/gesda-22/person/ilka-diester_photo__download_xa5ybm.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677797206/gesda-22/person/ilka-diester_photo__download_xa5ybm.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677797206/gesda-22/person/ilka-diester_photo__download_xa5ybm.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0ce","name":"Chris Eliasmith","slug":"chris-eliasmith","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Chris Eliasmith is the founding Director of the Centre for Theoretical Neuroscience at the University of Waterloo and holds the Canada Research Chair in Theoretical Neuroscience. He has authored two books and over 130 publications in philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, computer science, and engineering venues.\nHe is also a co-founder of Applied Brain Research, Inc a deep tech startup.\nDr. Eliasmith has co-hosted a Discovery channel television show on emerging technologies and a Mind Field episode with Vsauce on building a brain with people."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b085","name":"Alexandre Fasel","slug":"alexandre-fasel","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Ambassador Alexandre Fasel has been the Special Representative for Science Diplomacy of the Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs since June 2021. As Ambassador of Switzerland in the United Kingdom from autumn 2017, he contributed to the implementation of the Swiss Government’s ‘Mind the Gap’ strategy on Brexit. During the course of his career he has engaged with the topics of European integration, the interface between foreign and domestic policy, foreign policy analysis and policy formulation as well as multilateral diplomacy, the latter as Head of the UN Division at the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs and as Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the Office of the United Nations and other International Organisations in Geneva."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668986905/gesda-22/person/alexandre-fasel_photo__Ambassador-Alexandre-Fasel-credit-FDFA-e1538339763148_bds2p3.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668986905/gesda-22/person/alexandre-fasel_photo__Ambassador-Alexandre-Fasel-credit-FDFA-e1538339763148_bds2p3.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668986905/gesda-22/person/alexandre-fasel_photo__Ambassador-Alexandre-Fasel-credit-FDFA-e1538339763148_bds2p3.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0fbb69a33e6de96c08a25","name":"Itzak Fried","slug":"itzak-fried","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Itzhak Fried, MD, PhD., MBA, is Professor of Neurosurgery and Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences at the Geffen School of Medicine and the Brain Research Institute at UCLA, and Director of the Epilepsy Surgery Program there. Professor Fried received his MD degree from Stanford University and PhD from UCLA, did his neurosurgical training at Yale, and is Board Certified in Neurosurgery and a Fellow of the American College of Surgeons. He directs the Cognitive Neurophysiological Laboratory at UCLA, was elected as Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and served as Fellow in the Paris Institute for Advanced Studies, where he headed several international conferences in a special Brain Culture and Society program. While providing neurosurgical care to patients, Professor Fried’s research has centered on the recording of single neuron activity in awake neurosurgical patients, addressing the neural basis for human memory, free will, and thought processes. Over the last decade his research has centered on the opportunities to modulate neuronal networks through the design of brain interfaces that may enhance human memory and cognitive potential, to meet the challenges of anticipated increase in neurological and psychiatric disease afflicting the human condition ."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726020526/gesda-platform/person/itzak-fried_photo__Itzhak-Fried_uwrk8f.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726020526/gesda-platform/person/itzak-fried_photo__Itzhak-Fried_uwrk8f.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726020526/gesda-platform/person/itzak-fried_photo__Itzhak-Fried_uwrk8f.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b149","name":"Jaimie Henderson","slug":"jaimie-henderson","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jaimie M. Henderson, M.D. is director of the Stanford program in Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery. Following his residency at St. Louis University and fellowship training at Loma Linda University, he started the functional neurosurgery program at St. Louis University, where he remained on staff for 6 years. He then moved to the Cleveland Clinic Foundation in 2001, joining their world-class functional neurosurgery program which at the time was the busiest in the US. He has directed the Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery program at Stanford since 2004.\n\nDuring his residency in the early 1990’s, Dr. Henderson was intimately involved with the development of the new field of image-guided surgery. This innovative technology has revolutionized the practice of neurosurgery, allowing for safer and more effective operations with reduced operating time. Dr. Henderson remains one of the world’s foremost experts on the application of image-guided surgical techniques to functional neurosurgical procedures such as the placement of deep brain stimulators for movement disorders, epilepsy, pain, and psychiatric diseases. His major research focus is in brain-machine interfaces for the restoration of movement and communication for people with severe neurological disorders, co-directing the Stanford Neural Prosthetics Translational Laboratory along with engineer / neuroscientist Krishna Shenoy for the past 13+ years."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695011696/gesda-23/person/jaimie-henderson_photo__Jamie_Henderson_hqfj8o.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695011696/gesda-23/person/jaimie-henderson_photo__Jamie_Henderson_hqfj8o.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695011696/gesda-23/person/jaimie-henderson_photo__Jamie_Henderson_hqfj8o.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b125","name":"Giacomo Indivieri","slug":"giacomo-indivieri","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Giacomo Indiveri is the director of the Institute of Neuroinformatics of the University of Zurich (UZH) and ETH Zurich, and a dual Professor of Neuromorphic Cognitive Systems at UZH and ETH Zurich.\nHe obtained an M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering in 1992 and a Ph.D. degree in computer science in 2004 from the University of Genoa, Italy.\nEngineer by training, Indiveri has also expertise in neuroscience, computer science, and machine learning. He has been combining these disciplines by studying natural and artificial intelligence in neural processing systems and in neuromorphic cognitive agents.\nHis latest research interests lie in the study of spike-based learning mechanisms and recurrent networks of biologically plausible neurons, and in their integration in real-time closed-loop sensory-motor systems designed using analog/digital circuits and emerging memory technologies. His group uses these neuromorphic circuits to validate brain inspired computational paradigms in real-world scenarios, and to develop a new generation of fault-tolerant event-based neuromorphic computing technologies. Indiveri is senior member of the IEEE society, and a recipient of the 2021 IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems Best Paper Award. He is also an ERC fellow, recipient of three European Research Council grants."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987153/gesda-22/person/giacomo-indivieri_photo__giacomo_jyyy5o.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987153/gesda-22/person/giacomo-indivieri_photo__giacomo_jyyy5o.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987153/gesda-22/person/giacomo-indivieri_photo__giacomo_jyyy5o.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0e6","name":"Denis Jabaudon","slug":"denis-jabaudon","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Denis Jabaudon obtained his M.D. and Ph.D. degrees from the Universities of Lausanne and Zurich in Switzerland, where he studied mechanisms controlling synaptic transmission. After a neurology residency at Geneva University Hospital, he completed a postdoctoral fellowship at Harvard University, in the laboratory of Prof. J. Macklis, where he began his investigation of genetic control of cortical development. He is currently a professor at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, since 2009, where he has his independent research group and also practices as a clinical neurologist at Geneva University Hospital. His work on the mechanisms of neuronal circuit assembly during cortical development has recently earned him several prestigious prizes, including the Freedman Prize for Exceptional Basic Research from the Brain and Behavior Foundation (NARSAD) and the Bing Prize from the Swiss Academy of Medical Science."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987053/gesda-22/person/denis-jabaudon_photo__Denis_Jabaudon_oqvrpa.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987053/gesda-22/person/denis-jabaudon_photo__Denis_Jabaudon_oqvrpa.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987053/gesda-22/person/denis-jabaudon_photo__Denis_Jabaudon_oqvrpa.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b25d","name":"Tamar Makin","slug":"tamar-makin-1","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Tamar Makin is a Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience at the MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit at Cambridge University and the leader of the Plasticity Lab www.plasticity-lab.com.  Her main interest is in understanding how our body representation changes in the brain (brain plasticity). Her primary model for this work is studying hand function and dysfunction, with a focus on how we could use technology to increase hand functionality in able and disabled individuals at all ages (motor augmentation). "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677833318/gesda-22/person/tamar-makin-1_photo__Tamar_oaegih.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677833318/gesda-22/person/tamar-makin-1_photo__Tamar_oaegih.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677833318/gesda-22/person/tamar-makin-1_photo__Tamar_oaegih.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b141","name":"Isabelle Mansuy","slug":"isabelle-mansuy","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Isabelle Mansuy is professor in Neuroepigenetics at the Medical Faculty of the University of Zurich and the Department of Health Science and Technology of the ETH Zurich. She holds a Ph.D. in developmental neurobiology from the University Louis Pasteur in Strasbourg, France for a doctoral thesis conducted at the Friedrich Miescher Institute in Basel. She trained as postdoc in the lab of Eric Kandel at the Center for Learning and Memory at Columbia University in New York and then established her own lab as assistant professor in neurobiology at ETH Zurich. \n\nI. Mansuy initially conducted research in molecular cognition and made landmark discoveries on the mechanisms of forgetting by identifying memory suppressors in the mammalian brain. In parallel, in early 2000s, she started to work on epigenetic inheritance and is one of the pioneers and founders of this new research discipline. I Mansuy is studying the epigenetic basis of heritable traits induced by life experiences. \nHer work demonstrated that adverse conditions in early life such as traumatic stress can alter behavior, physiology and metabolism across multiple generations in mice, and that inheritance depends on non-DNA factors in germ cells, particularly sperm RNA. \nThis discovery established the existence of an RNA-based form of heredity in mammals independent from the DNA sequence, …(text continues on next page)...\nsimilarly to what’s known in plants and invertebrates. The fundaments of these findings in mice are being validated by translational studies in trauma patients in humans. This research provides important mechanistic advances about the influence of the environment on brain and body functions and is highly relevant for heritable environmental diseases. It has a major impact on evolution and offers an alternative to classical genetics for rapid organismic plasticity. It also has important societal and ethical  implications. I. Mansuy co-authored >200 research articles, reviews and book chapters in neurosciences and epigenetics. She also published a book on epigenetics for the lay public in French and German “Reprenons le contrôle de nos gènes”, Larousse (April 2019) and “Wir können unsere Gene steuern” Berlin Verlag (Aug 2020). She is active in multiple scientific and research funding boards, is member of the Swiss Academy of Medical Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences (EURASC), and the European Molecular Biology Organization. She is Knight in the National Order of Merit and in the Legion of Honor in France."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677833661/gesda-22/person/isabelle-mansuy_photo__Isabelle_feo4vr.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677833661/gesda-22/person/isabelle-mansuy_photo__Isabelle_feo4vr.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677833661/gesda-22/person/isabelle-mansuy_photo__Isabelle_feo4vr.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b134","name":"Henry Markram","slug":"henry-markram","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Henry Markram is a full professor at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland. He was born in the Kalahari desert in South Africa in 1962, finished school at Kearsney College (1980), studied medicine and neuroscience at Cape Town University (1988), obtained a PhD in neuroscience at the Weizmann Institute (1991), completed postdoctoral work as a Fullbright Scholar at the NIH (1992) and as a Minerva Fellow at the Max-Planck (1994). He started his lab at the Weizmann in 1995, spent a year sabbatical research at University of California San Fransisco (2000), moved to the EPFL to found and direct the Brain Mind Institute (2002) and founded and currently directs the Blue Brain Project (since 2005) at the EPF aimed at developing the tools and strategies required to systematically reconstruct and eventually simulate the human brain. He founded the Human Brain Project (HBP), which has evolved into the European brain initiative, a program to develop IT infrastructures to catalyze integration of data and knowledge on brain. Is a co-founder of Frontiers."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677805602/gesda-22/person/henry-markram_photo__download_1_zurter.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677805602/gesda-22/person/henry-markram_photo__download_1_zurter.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677805602/gesda-22/person/henry-markram_photo__download_1_zurter.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1ce","name":"Mu-ming Poo","slug":"muming-poo","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Mu-ming Poo obtained his Ph.D in biophysics from Johns Hopkins University in 1974. After conducting postdoctoral research in developmental biology at Purdue University, he later served on the faculty of University of California at Irvine, faculty of Yale University School of Medicine, Columbia University, UCSD, and University of California, Berkeley.\n\nProfessor Poo is currently the Director of Institute of Neuroscience of Chinese Academy of Science (CAS), the founding director of Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shanghai and Paul Licht Distinguished Professor at University of California, Berkeley.\n\nProfessor Poo’s research interests center around the development and plasticity of the brain. He has made seminal contributions to our understanding of nerve growth, synapse development and synaptic plasticity.\n\nProfessor Poo was awarded Ameritec Prize in 2001, International Science & Technology Cooperation Award of China in 2005, Qiushi Distinguished Scientist Award in 2011, and CAS Distinguished Science and Technology Achievement Award in 2013.\n\nProfessor Poo has served on the editorial boards of more than 10 scientific journals, and is currently an editor of Developmental Neurobiology and the executive associate editor of National Science Review. Professor Poo is also a member of scientific advisory boards for Brain Science Institute of RIKEN in Japan, Korean National Neuroscience Institute, Academia Sinica’s Institute of Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, and Institute of Biochemistry, National Tsing Hua University and Yang Ming University in Taiwan."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987436/gesda-22/person/muming-poo_photo__Mu-Ming-Poo-Mug_73677fec-d72b-42a9-81e1-c8f998a1b836_xavdkv.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987436/gesda-22/person/muming-poo_photo__Mu-Ming-Poo-Mug_73677fec-d72b-42a9-81e1-c8f998a1b836_xavdkv.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987436/gesda-22/person/muming-poo_photo__Mu-Ming-Poo-Mug_73677fec-d72b-42a9-81e1-c8f998a1b836_xavdkv.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b156","name":"Jean-Marc Rickli","slug":"jean-marc-rickli","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Jean-Marc Rickli is the Head of Global and Emerging Risks at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) in Geneva, Switzerland. He is the co-chair of the NATO Partnership for Peace Consortium emerging security challenges working group and a senior advisor for the AI (Artificial Intelligence) Initiative at the Future Society. He is also a member of The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems and represents the GCSP in the United Nations in the framework of the Governmental Group of Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). He is a member of the advisory board of Tech4Trust, the first Swiss startup acceleration program in the field of digital trust and cybersecurity. In 2020, he was nominated as one of the 100 most influential French-speaking Swiss by the Swiss newspaper Le Temps. Prior to these appointments, Dr Rickli was an assistant professor at the Department of Defence Studies of King’s College London. Dr Rickli received his PhD and MPhil in International Relations from Oxford University, UK, where he was also a Berrow scholar at Lincoln College. His latest book published by Georgetown University Press is entitled Surrogate Warfare: The Transformation of War in the Twenty-first Century. He has lived and worked in Europe, USA, Middle East and China."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b17c","name":"Karen Rommelfanger","slug":"karen-rommelfanger","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Karen Rommelfanger is the Director of Emory University’s  Neuroethics Program   at the Center for Ethics and is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Neurology at Emory University. Dr. Rommelfanger received her PhD in Neuroscience from Emory University, her research focused on movement disorders. Her current research explores the nature and utility of placebo using Psychogenic Movement Disorders as a therapeutic model. She is also the Neuroscience Editor-in-Residence for the _American Journal of Bioethics Neuroscience._\n\nDr. Rommelfanger has been a neuroscience researcher for over 10 years and her work has been published in high-impact peer-reviewed journals such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, and the Journal of Neuroscience; her research on Parkinson Disease has been featured in the popular media including Scientific American. She has presented her work at both international and national conferences and has worked in prestigious laboratories in the U.S. and Japan using a broad array of neurotechnologies from brain imaging and behavioral techniques to electrophysiological recording of individual brain cells.\n\nShe regularly gives Neuroethics talks in both universities and for general audiences; her neuroethics work has been published in top peer-reviewed neuroethics journals and in Nature Reviews Neurology, and she maintains and writes for The Neuroethics Blog at Emory University. She also founded NEW (NeuroEthicsWomen) Leaders , an organization that aims to cultivate professional development and scholarly networks for women in neuroethics."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987292/gesda-22/person/karen-rommelfanger_photo__karen-rommelfanger-s_dvn1ft.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987292/gesda-22/person/karen-rommelfanger_photo__karen-rommelfanger-s_dvn1ft.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987292/gesda-22/person/karen-rommelfanger_photo__karen-rommelfanger-s_dvn1ft.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b224","name":"Ron Stoop","slug":"ron-stoop","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Ron Stoop received his B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Biophysics from the Radboud University in Nijmegen. He subsequently trained for three years at Tsinghua University in Beijing into mandarin and (then state-of-the art) whole-cell patch-clamp electrophysiological recordings with Profs. Zuoping Xie and TePei Feng. He continued his Ph.D. thesis with Prof. Muming Poo at Columbia University in New York and his postdoc with Prof. Alan North at Glaxo-Wellcome Biomedical Research Institute in Geneva before starting his own research group at the University of Lausanne. In 2004, he joined the Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience (CNP) in Cery, consecutively as group leader, assistant-director and associate professor to translationally study fear and social behavior in rodents and humans. \n \nHis research in rodents has shown how neuropeptides such as vasopressin and oxytocin can modulate emotional circuits of the brain and how oxytocin, released during social contact, can buffer fear responses by inhibiting the amygdala, the emotional (fear) alert center of our brain. For his translational research he works with Alzheimer's patients and with descendants from South-African \"Boer\" settlers that carry a unique mutation which causes bilateral neurodegeneration of the cortical amygdala and increases in basic fear, generosity and empathy. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1679080666/gesda-22/person/ron-stoop_photo__Picture_Ron_Stoop_dscpyt.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1679080666/gesda-22/person/ron-stoop_photo__Picture_Ron_Stoop_dscpyt.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1679080666/gesda-22/person/ron-stoop_photo__Picture_Ron_Stoop_dscpyt.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b129","name":"Giuseppe Testa","slug":"guiseppe-testa","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Giuseppe Testa, MD, PHD, MA, is a professor of Molecular Biology at Milan’s Università Statale and Director of the High Definition Disease Modelling Lab: Stem Cell and Organoid Epigenetics at the European Institute of Oncology. At Human Technopole he heads the Centre for Neurogenomics, within which his lab studies the mechanisms of intellectual disability and autism."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677798729/gesda-22/person/guiseppe-testa_photo__giuseppe-testa-1_c6rad6.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677798729/gesda-22/person/guiseppe-testa_photo__giuseppe-testa-1_c6rad6.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677798729/gesda-22/person/guiseppe-testa_photo__giuseppe-testa-1_c6rad6.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b243","name":"Silvia Velasco","slug":"silvia-velasco","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Silvia Velasco leads the Neural Stem Cell Laboratory at the Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI), in Melbourne, Australia. With her team, she is interested in developing pluripotent stem cell-derived 3D organoid models of the human brain to study and advance treatments for neurodevelopmental disorders.\nVelasco is also a principal investigator at the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Medicine (ReNEW), a recently established international collaboration between MCRI, the University of Copenhagen in Denmark, and the University of Leiden in the Netherlands, that strives to advance a new generation of effective and safe stem cell-driven therapies.\nPrior to establishing her independent Laboratory, Velasco worked in the group of Professor Paola Arlotta at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, USA, where she established a method for the generation of a highly reliable brain organoid model which has been instrumental to gain mechanistic insights into the cell-type specific developmental and functional defects associated with autism spectrum disorder."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1677805076/gesda-22/person/silvia-velasco_photo__silvia-velasco_y0hyhb.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1677805076/gesda-22/person/silvia-velasco_photo__silvia-velasco_y0hyhb.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1677805076/gesda-22/person/silvia-velasco_photo__silvia-velasco_y0hyhb.jpg.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","slug":"human-augmentation","path":"/trends/human-augmentation","outlineNumber":"2","color":{"value":"#078694"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc3","path":"/current-edition/about-the-science-breakthrough-radar","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"A Swiss foundation with global reach and a private-public partnership working from Geneva, GESDA was started in September 2019 to develop and promote anticipatory science and diplomacy for greater impact and multilateral effectiveness.\n"},"slug":"about-the-science-breakthrough-radar","name":"About the Science Breakthrough Radar","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"A Swiss foundation with global reach and a private-public partnership working from Geneva, GESDA was started in September 2019 to develop and promote anticipatory science and diplomacy for greater impact and multilateral effectiveness.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760339122/gesda-platform/banner/banner-about-the-gesda-radar-2024_thumbnail__About_the_Science_Breakthrough_Radar_2026_h3vgd8.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760339122/gesda-platform/banner/banner-about-the-gesda-radar-2024_thumbnail__About_the_Science_Breakthrough_Radar_2026_h3vgd8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760339122/gesda-platform/banner/banner-about-the-gesda-radar-2024_thumbnail__About_the_Science_Breakthrough_Radar_2026_h3vgd8.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760339122/gesda-platform/banner/banner-about-the-gesda-radar-2024_thumbnail__About_the_Science_Breakthrough_Radar_2026_h3vgd8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760339122/gesda-platform/banner/banner-about-the-gesda-radar-2024_thumbnail__About_the_Science_Breakthrough_Radar_2026_h3vgd8.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afc5","path":"/current-edition/acknowledgements","summary":{"plain":"The building of the 2024 GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® was possible thanks to the engagement of a large number of institutions, networks and individuals.  This has enabled the development of a product of sufficient breadth and depth to become a useful tool for multilateralism.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The building of the 2026 GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® was made possible through the engagement of a large number of institutions, networks and individuals. Together, this has enabled the development of the Radar as a leading tool for anticipatory science diplomacy in the service of multilateralism.\nWe would like to express our thanks to GESDA’s Founders and Public Contributors: the Swiss Confederation, the Republic and Canton of Geneva, and the City of Geneva.\n"},"slug":"acknowledgements","name":"Acknowledgements","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The building of the 2024 GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® was possible thanks to the engagement of a large number of institutions, networks and individuals.  This has enabled the development of a product of sufficient breadth and depth to become a useful tool for multilateralism.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727767257/gesda-platform/banner/banner-in-1_thumbnail__Acknowledgements_Thumb_1900X1040_nytnia.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727767257/gesda-platform/banner/banner-in-1_thumbnail__Acknowledgements_Thumb_1900X1040_nytnia.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727767257/gesda-platform/banner/banner-in-1_thumbnail__Acknowledgements_Thumb_1900X1040_nytnia.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727767257/gesda-platform/banner/banner-in-1_thumbnail__Acknowledgements_Thumb_1900X1040_nytnia.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727767257/gesda-platform/banner/banner-in-1_thumbnail__Acknowledgements_Thumb_1900X1040_nytnia.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1aa","name":"Martin Müller","slug":"martin-muller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Müller leads the science anticipation work at GESDA. As such, he is in close interaction with the global scientific community in order to understand what is cooking in the labs and how future breakthroughs will impact humanity and the planet. The continuously updated GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is the outcome of this anticipatory work.\n\nDr Müller has a long experience working at the interface between science, science policy and diplomacy. After an initial stay in academia and completing a doctoral degree in biomedical engineering, Dr Müller joined SwissCore – the Swiss Contact Office for Education, Research and Innovation (ERI) – in Brussels and worked at the interface of science, science policy and diplomacy, first as a research advisor and then as co-director. In this role, he helped shape the involvement and safeguard the influence of Swiss ERI organizations with respect to the European Union, its institutional bodies and related organisations, at a critical time in Swiss-EU relations. In addition, Mr Müller held leadership roles in pan-European science organizations, such as chair of the Science Europe working group on Horizon Europe, the EU’s €80 billion research and innovation programme, and coordinator of a large pan-European initiative on strategic planning and funding for research facilities. He joined GESDA in September 2019 as Executive Director of the Academic Forum. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b24d","name":"Sophie Gilbert","slug":"sophie-gilbert","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sophie Gilbert manages the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar®, an annual report anticipating advances in science and technology over the next 5, 10 and 25 years.\nShe joined GESDA from the Wellcome Trust, the world’s second-largest not-for-profit organisation dedicated to science and public health, where she managed a multi-million-pound research portfolio in the clinical and discovery life sciences. Before joining Wellcome, Sophie worked in academia, gaining her PhD in biochemistry from the University of Oxford.\nFollowing this, she spent time at Imperial College London and later University College London as a postdoctoral research associate, with research interests relating to stem cell development and genetics.\nSophie has a keen interest in translating scientific discoveries to a wide audience: she has authored an illustrated book on genetic modification for children and received a number of awards for outreach and communication during her time as an academic.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afcc","path":"/opportunities/anticipatory-science-diplomacy-in-practice","summary":{"plain":"Many multilateral actors already engage in anticipatory science diplomacy in order to fulfil their missions. Confronted with the high pace of science and technology and its impact, finding ways to anticipate trends and translate this knowledge into practical tools has become essential for many organisations.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"Many multilateral actors already engage in anticipatory science diplomacy in order to fulfil their missions. Confronted with the high pace of science and technology and its impact, finding ways to anticipate trends and translate this knowledge into practical tools has become essential for many organisations.\n"},"slug":"anticipatory-science-diplomacy-in-practice","name":"Anticipatory Science Diplomacy in Practice","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Many multilateral actors already engage in anticipatory science diplomacy in order to fulfil their missions. Confronted with the high pace of science and technology and its impact, finding ways to anticipate trends and translate this knowledge into practical tools has become essential for many organisations.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981334/gesda-22/banner/banner-anticipatory-science_thumbnail__Anticipatory-Science-In-Practice-17.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981334/gesda-22/banner/banner-anticipatory-science_thumbnail__Anticipatory-Science-In-Practice-17.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981334/gesda-22/banner/banner-anticipatory-science_thumbnail__Anticipatory-Science-In-Practice-17.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981334/gesda-22/banner/banner-anticipatory-science_thumbnail__Anticipatory-Science-In-Practice-17.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981334/gesda-22/banner/banner-anticipatory-science_thumbnail__Anticipatory-Science-In-Practice-17.jpg"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b273","name":"Ulrike Till","slug":"ulrike-till","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987703/gesda-22/person/ulrike-till_photo__Unknown-2_wu9oau.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987703/gesda-22/person/ulrike-till_photo__Unknown-2_wu9oau.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987703/gesda-22/person/ulrike-till_photo__Unknown-2_wu9oau.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b173","name":"Joseph D’Cruz","slug":"joseph-d-cruz","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1d1","name":"Nadia Isler","slug":"nadia-isler","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987441/gesda-22/person/nadia-isler_photo__Unknown-1_wixes7.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987441/gesda-22/person/nadia-isler_photo__Unknown-1_wixes7.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987441/gesda-22/person/nadia-isler_photo__Unknown-1_wixes7.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b10b","name":"Federica du Pasquier","slug":"federica-du-pasquier","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[{"id":"65c55d599e947c438698b7a8","name":"Advances in Science Diplomacy","slug":"advances-science-diplomacy","path":"/topics/advances-in-science-diplomacy","outlineNumber":null,"color":null}]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afe7","path":"/workshops","summary":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is continuously updated expanded through anticipatory events, workshops and consultations with the broader scientific community. This page provides an overview of current events and how they link to the different sections of the radar.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is continuously updated expanded through anticipatory events, workshops and consultations with the broader scientific community. \n"},"slug":"workshops","name":"Workshops","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is continuously updated expanded through anticipatory events, workshops and consultations with the broader scientific community. This page provides an overview of current events and how they link to the different sections of the radar.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727760223/gesda-platform/banner/workshops_thumbnail__Workshops_Thumb_1900X1040_mza5n8.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727760223/gesda-platform/banner/workshops_thumbnail__Workshops_Thumb_1900X1040_mza5n8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727760223/gesda-platform/banner/workshops_thumbnail__Workshops_Thumb_1900X1040_mza5n8.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727760223/gesda-platform/banner/workshops_thumbnail__Workshops_Thumb_1900X1040_mza5n8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727760223/gesda-platform/banner/workshops_thumbnail__Workshops_Thumb_1900X1040_mza5n8.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afeb","path":"/future-of-archaeology","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Archaeology is a young science: over the course of the 20th century, it evolved from the collection and cataloguing of artefacts to the reconstruction of the human past through the contextual study of material remains. As a relatively young discipline, archaeology has gone through a long process of epistemological development in order to reach its current methodological and professional maturity. It may seem that today is a “golden age”, with novel scientific and technological tools revealing much that was once assumed to be entirely inaccessible. Yet, like any scientific discipline, archaeology keeps evolving and reinventing itself, mainly thanks to collaborations with other fields. \n"},"slug":"future-of-archaeology","name":"Future of Archaeology","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Archaeology is a young science: over the course of the 20th century, it evolved from the collection and cataloguing of artefacts to the reconstruction of the human past through the contextual study of material remains. As a relatively young discipline, archaeology has gone through a long process of epistemological development in order to reach its current methodological and professional maturity. It may seem that today is a “golden age”, with novel scientific and technological tools revealing much that was once assumed to be entirely inaccessible. Yet, like any scientific discipline, archaeology keeps evolving and reinventing itself, mainly thanks to collaborations with other fields. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727486/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-1-archaeology_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-1_Archaeology-thumb_rurmgr.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727486/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-1-archaeology_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-1_Archaeology-thumb_rurmgr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727486/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-1-archaeology_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-1_Archaeology-thumb_rurmgr.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727486/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-1-archaeology_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-1_Archaeology-thumb_rurmgr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727486/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-1-archaeology_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-1_Archaeology-thumb_rurmgr.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b25b","name":"Sylvian Fachard","slug":"sylvian-fachard","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Sylvian Fachard is a Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Lausanne and the Director of the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece. He was the A. W. Mellon, Professor at the American School of Classical Studies at Athens (2017–2020) and a researcher at Brown University and Harvard’s Center for Hellenic Studies. He has conducted extensive fieldwork and archaeological research in Greece, focusing on landscape studies, environmental reconstruction, the formation of city-states, and ancient borders. His area of specialization includes archaeological field surveys, LiDAR-based remote sensing, GIS applications, spatial analysis, and architectural documentation. Fachard currently co-directs with Prof. Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas (University of Lausanne, Computational Biology) a large aDNA project on the population of Euboea and the Aegean."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019808/gesda-platform/person/sylvian-fachard_photo__Fachard_ID_zn4loe.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019808/gesda-platform/person/sylvian-fachard_photo__Fachard_ID_zn4loe.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019808/gesda-platform/person/sylvian-fachard_photo__Fachard_ID_zn4loe.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","slug":"knowledge-foundations","path":"/trends/knowledge-foundations","outlineNumber":"5","color":{"value":"#292929"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff0","path":"/opportunities/getting-value-from-science-anticipation","summary":{"plain":"The anticipated breakthroughs at 5, 10 and 25 years are presented to encourage reflection on what might emerge so they can be discussed, analysed and debated.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The anticipated breakthroughs at 5, 10 and 25 years presented in the trends section of the report represent the views of leading scientists and technologists in the field. They are neither an absolute prediction of what will happen, nor do they have the intent of projecting a vision of a desired future. Rather, as described in the Debates section of the report, they are presented to encourage reflection on what might emerge so they can be discussed, analysed and debated by citizens across the globe with different opinions, sentiments, values and worldviews according to cultural, geographical, generational or economic backgrounds.\n"},"slug":"getting-value-from-science-anticipation","name":"Getting Value from Science Anticipation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The anticipated breakthroughs at 5, 10 and 25 years are presented to encourage reflection on what might emerge so they can be discussed, analysed and debated.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981619/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-2_thumbnail__129_OU-1-GETTING%20VALUE%20FROM%20SCIENCE%20ANTICIPATION-1900px.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981619/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-2_thumbnail__129_OU-1-GETTING%20VALUE%20FROM%20SCIENCE%20ANTICIPATION-1900px.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981619/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-2_thumbnail__129_OU-1-GETTING%20VALUE%20FROM%20SCIENCE%20ANTICIPATION-1900px.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981619/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-2_thumbnail__129_OU-1-GETTING%20VALUE%20FROM%20SCIENCE%20ANTICIPATION-1900px.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981619/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-2_thumbnail__129_OU-1-GETTING%20VALUE%20FROM%20SCIENCE%20ANTICIPATION-1900px.jpg"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b248","name":"Sir Peter Gluckman","slug":"sir-peter-gluckman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Sir Peter Gluckman ONZ KNZM FRSNZ FRS is Director of Koi Tū: The Centre for Informed Futures – an independent and apolitical think tank and research centre based at the University of Auckland, New Zealand.\n\nHe is also chair of the International Network of Government Science Advice (INGSA) and president-elect of the International Science Council (ISC). From 2009-2018 he was first Chief Science Advisor to the Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was also Science Envoy for the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and coordinated the secretariat of the Small Advanced Economies Initiative. He has written and spoken extensively on science-policy and science-diplomacy and science-society interactions.\n\nTrained as a paediatrician and biomedical scientist, Sir Peter holds a Distinguished University Professorship at the Liggins Institute, University of Auckland. He also holds honorary chairs in University College London, University of Southampton and National University of Singapore (where he acts as chief science advisor to the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences).\n\nHe has published over 700 scientific papers in perinatal and developmental physiology, neuroscience and endocrinology, evolutionary biology and medicine. He has authored both technical and popular science books. He chaired the WHO Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity (2014-2017).\n\nSir Peter has received the highest scientific and civilian honours in New Zealand and numerous international scientific awards.\n\nIn 2016 he received the AAAS award in Science Diplomacy. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of New Zealand, a member of the National Academy of Medicine (USA) and a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (UK)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c4","name":"Michel Mayor","slug":"michel-mayor","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Michel Mayor was born in Lausanne (Switzerland). Having obtained a master in physics at Lausanne University, he moved to astrophysics and get interested in the dynamics of spiral galaxies.\n\nThe PhD of Michel Mayor was devoted to the search of evidence of spiral structure in the Milky Way in the velocity distribution of stars close to the Sun. To test that possibility, at the end of his PhD he decided to develop a new specific spectrograph to measure stellar radial velocities. This was the start of his interest in stellar kinematics. This research led to various fields of interest, among which the dynamics of globular clusters and the study of statistical characteristics of solar-type binary stars (Duquennoy, Mayor, 1991). He was naturally driven to study small mass companions to stars analogous to our Sun. By the end of the 1980’s the evolution of technology was such to allow for the development of a new spectrograph. This spectrograph, built at the Haute-Provence Observatory, reached a level of precision permitting to detect extra-solar planets.\n\nPart of a large survey, with Didier Queloz, one of his graduate students, they have detected, in 1995, the planetary companion to the solar-type star 51 Pegasi: this was the first detection of an exoplanet. This discovery has resulted in the advent of an exciting new research field “exoplanets”. As a result of constant improvements to his high dispersion spectrographs Mayor’s work has significantly contributed to the discovery of “super-Earth” planets with mass greater than that of Earth.\n\nIn 2000, Michel Mayor took the lead for the construction of a new spectrograph: HARPS, optimized to search for very low mass planets. This spectrograph revealed the large occurrence of the subpopulation of super-Earths on tight orbits, challenging the scenarios of planetary formation. Apart from his research activity, Michel Mayor initiates a series of advanced level courses of Astrophysics since 1971, the “Saas-Fee courses”. He was a co-organizer for nine of these courses. From 1984 to 2007, he was teaching astrophysics at Geneva University for undergraduate courses at the department of physics as well as post-graduate ones at the department of astronomy. From 1998 to 2004, Michel Mayor was Director of the Geneva Observatory. He was also active in ESO (the European Southern Observatory), being the Chairman of the Scientific and Technological Committee of that organization (1990-92) and the Swiss delegate to the Council of ESO (2003-2007).\n\nIn the frame of the IAU (International Astronomical Union) Michel Mayor chaired the Commission on the “Structure and Dynamics of the Galactic System” (1988-1991), as well as the new Commission devoted to “Extra-solar planets” (2006-2009).\n\nTwenty years after the discovery of 51Peg b, Michel Mayor is still very active to detect and characterize exoplanets, devoting a large fraction of his time as a member of his group of research as well as inspiring other teams. For example, Michel Mayor was at the origin (with D. Latham) of the development of a northern copy of the overwhelming HARPS spectrograph to measure the mass of rocky planets detected by the Kepler space mission. A program focused on the physics of very low mass planets having allowed numerous scientific publications. He also gives a large tribute to outreach activities … a direct consequence of the exceptional interest of the public for that new domain of astronomy.\n\n Since 2007, Michel Mayor is Emeritus Professor at Geneva University. He has been jointly awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Professor James Peebles and Professor Didier Queloz."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1a2","name":"Marie-Laure Salles","slug":"marie-laure-salles","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Marie-Laure Salles became Director of the Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in September 2020.\n\nBefore joining the Institute, she was Dean of the School of Management and Innovation at Sciences Po Paris, a school she launched in 2016. Before that, she was Professor at ESSEC Business School, where she was also, in turn, Dean of the Faculty and Associate Dean for the PhD Programme.\n\nWith a PhD in Sociology from Harvard University and a habilitation à diriger les recherches from Dauphine University in Paris, Marie-Laure Salles was, until her arrival in Geneva, Professor at the Centre de sociologie des organisations (CSO) at Sciences Po Paris. Her research interests range from the role of social networks in the transnational diffusion of rules, practices and ideas, to the historical transformation of capitalism and national institutions, with a particular interest for the evolving nature of the social responsibility of firms and for the changing conditions of transnational dynamics of economic governance in the context of globalisation. She has published broadly on those issues in top academic journals and books, and has received several awards, including the prestigious Max Weber Award for Distinguished Scholarship from the American Sociological Association in 2000.\n\nMarie-Laure Salles has been a visiting professor in prestigious academic institutions in the United States and Europe. She holds a PhD honoris causa from Stockholm University and was made a Knight in the Legion of Honour by the French Government in 2017."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff5","path":"/how-machine-learning-is-transforming-regional-economic-development","summary":{"plain":"The explosion in big data and machine learning is providing us with tools that are helping us improve our understanding of complex systems.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"It is no mystery that human societies are extremely complex, defined by many variables and interactions that cannot be simplified or reduced effectively. Such complex systems show emergent properties — that is, characteristics or behaviours whose existence at the macro scale cannot be traced back to micro-level mechanisms. An example might be weather patterns: it is impossible to explain the weather using a glass of water. In important ways, the economy is a complex system, like the weather, with macro-level behaviours that are hard to predict and nearly impossible to control.\n"},"slug":"how-machine-learning-is-transforming-regional-economic-development","name":"How Machine Learning is Transforming Regional Economic Development","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The explosion in big data and machine learning is providing us with tools that are helping us improve our understanding of complex systems.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981572/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-6_thumbnail__IC5-6%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981572/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-6_thumbnail__IC5-6%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981572/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-6_thumbnail__IC5-6%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981572/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-6_thumbnail__IC5-6%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981572/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-6_thumbnail__IC5-6%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0c6","name":"César A. Hidalgo","slug":"cesar-a-hidalgo","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"César A. Hidalgo is a Chilean-Spanish-American scholar known for his contributions to economic complexity, data visualization, and applied artificial intelligence.   \n\nHidalgo leads the Center for Collective Learning at the Artificial and Natural Intelligence Institute (ANITI) of the University of Toulouse. He is also an Honorary Professor at the University of Manchester and a Visiting Professor at Harvard's School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.\n\nBetween 2010 and 2019 Hidalgo led MIT’s Collective Learning group. Prior to working at MIT, Hidalgo was a research fellow at Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government. Hidalgo is also a founder of Datawheel, an award winning company specialized in the creation of data distribution and visualization systems. He holds a PhD in Physics from the University of Notre Dame and a Bachelor in Physics from Universidad Católica de Chile.\n\nHidalgo’s contributions have been recognized with numerous awards, including the 2018 Lagrange Prize and three Webby Awards. Hidalgo's is also the author of dozens of peer-reviewed papers and of three books: Why Information Grows (Basic Books, 2015),  The Atlas of Economic Complexity (MIT Press, 2014), and How Humans Judge Machines (MIT Press, 2021)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987011/gesda-22/person/cesar-a-hidalgo_photo__Hidalgo1_vynvjx.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987011/gesda-22/person/cesar-a-hidalgo_photo__Hidalgo1_vynvjx.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987011/gesda-22/person/cesar-a-hidalgo_photo__Hidalgo1_vynvjx.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","summary":{"plain":"A Swiss foundation with global reach and a private-public partnership working from Geneva, GESDA was started in September 2019 to develop and promote anticipatory science and diplomacy for greater impact and multilateral effectiveness.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"A Swiss foundation with global reach and a private-public partnership working from Geneva, GESDA was started in September 2019 to develop and promote anticipatory science and diplomacy for greater impact and multilateral effectiveness.\n"},"slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"A Swiss foundation with global reach and a private-public partnership working from Geneva, GESDA was started in September 2019 to develop and promote anticipatory science and diplomacy for greater impact and multilateral effectiveness.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760415642/gesda-platform/banner/2026-edition-banner_image__EDITION_2026_pnc17b.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760415642/gesda-platform/banner/2026-edition-banner_image__EDITION_2026_pnc17b.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760415642/gesda-platform/banner/2026-edition-banner_image__EDITION_2026_pnc17b.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760415642/gesda-platform/banner/2026-edition-banner_image__EDITION_2026_pnc17b.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760415642/gesda-platform/banner/2026-edition-banner_image__EDITION_2026_pnc17b.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698affa","path":"/science-anticipation/introductory-essay-the-value-of-science-anticipation","summary":{"plain":"With the rapid pace of science and technology breakthroughs driving significant changes to our world and how we live in it, having agency over our future has never been more important.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"One of the tools we have to assist us is anticipation, through which we can use our assessment of what might happen in the future to direct action in the present. GESDA’s aim is to enable this process of anticipation by laying out in its Science Breakthrough Radar the possibilities scientists envisage for the future. In this way, GESDA aims to act as an honest broker between the scientific community and society to encourage open debates about how we wish to shape the future and what opportunities for action can be taken today.\n"},"slug":"the-value-of-science-anticipation","name":"The Value of Science Anticipation ","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"With the rapid pace of science and technology breakthroughs driving significant changes to our world and how we live in it, having agency over our future has never been more important.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727756139/gesda-platform/banner/2023-introductory-essay_thumbnail__The_Value_of_Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_wm0rd1.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727756139/gesda-platform/banner/2023-introductory-essay_thumbnail__The_Value_of_Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_wm0rd1.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727756139/gesda-platform/banner/2023-introductory-essay_thumbnail__The_Value_of_Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_wm0rd1.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727756139/gesda-platform/banner/2023-introductory-essay_thumbnail__The_Value_of_Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_wm0rd1.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727756139/gesda-platform/banner/2023-introductory-essay_thumbnail__The_Value_of_Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_wm0rd1.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation"},"types":[],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b248","name":"Sir Peter Gluckman","slug":"sir-peter-gluckman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Sir Peter Gluckman ONZ KNZM FRSNZ FRS is Director of Koi Tū: The Centre for Informed Futures – an independent and apolitical think tank and research centre based at the University of Auckland, New Zealand.\n\nHe is also chair of the International Network of Government Science Advice (INGSA) and president-elect of the International Science Council (ISC). From 2009-2018 he was first Chief Science Advisor to the Prime Minister of New Zealand. He was also Science Envoy for the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, and coordinated the secretariat of the Small Advanced Economies Initiative. He has written and spoken extensively on science-policy and science-diplomacy and science-society interactions.\n\nTrained as a paediatrician and biomedical scientist, Sir Peter holds a Distinguished University Professorship at the Liggins Institute, University of Auckland. He also holds honorary chairs in University College London, University of Southampton and National University of Singapore (where he acts as chief science advisor to the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences).\n\nHe has published over 700 scientific papers in perinatal and developmental physiology, neuroscience and endocrinology, evolutionary biology and medicine. He has authored both technical and popular science books. He chaired the WHO Commission on Ending Childhood Obesity (2014-2017).\n\nSir Peter has received the highest scientific and civilian honours in New Zealand and numerous international scientific awards.\n\nIn 2016 he received the AAAS award in Science Diplomacy. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and the Royal Society of New Zealand, a member of the National Academy of Medicine (USA) and a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences (UK)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987645/gesda-22/person/sir-peter-gluckman_photo__Peter_Gluckman_0296_f8ao9s.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c4","name":"Michel Mayor","slug":"michel-mayor","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Michel Mayor was born in Lausanne (Switzerland). Having obtained a master in physics at Lausanne University, he moved to astrophysics and get interested in the dynamics of spiral galaxies.\n\nThe PhD of Michel Mayor was devoted to the search of evidence of spiral structure in the Milky Way in the velocity distribution of stars close to the Sun. To test that possibility, at the end of his PhD he decided to develop a new specific spectrograph to measure stellar radial velocities. This was the start of his interest in stellar kinematics. This research led to various fields of interest, among which the dynamics of globular clusters and the study of statistical characteristics of solar-type binary stars (Duquennoy, Mayor, 1991). He was naturally driven to study small mass companions to stars analogous to our Sun. By the end of the 1980’s the evolution of technology was such to allow for the development of a new spectrograph. This spectrograph, built at the Haute-Provence Observatory, reached a level of precision permitting to detect extra-solar planets.\n\nPart of a large survey, with Didier Queloz, one of his graduate students, they have detected, in 1995, the planetary companion to the solar-type star 51 Pegasi: this was the first detection of an exoplanet. This discovery has resulted in the advent of an exciting new research field “exoplanets”. As a result of constant improvements to his high dispersion spectrographs Mayor’s work has significantly contributed to the discovery of “super-Earth” planets with mass greater than that of Earth.\n\nIn 2000, Michel Mayor took the lead for the construction of a new spectrograph: HARPS, optimized to search for very low mass planets. This spectrograph revealed the large occurrence of the subpopulation of super-Earths on tight orbits, challenging the scenarios of planetary formation. Apart from his research activity, Michel Mayor initiates a series of advanced level courses of Astrophysics since 1971, the “Saas-Fee courses”. He was a co-organizer for nine of these courses. From 1984 to 2007, he was teaching astrophysics at Geneva University for undergraduate courses at the department of physics as well as post-graduate ones at the department of astronomy. From 1998 to 2004, Michel Mayor was Director of the Geneva Observatory. He was also active in ESO (the European Southern Observatory), being the Chairman of the Scientific and Technological Committee of that organization (1990-92) and the Swiss delegate to the Council of ESO (2003-2007).\n\nIn the frame of the IAU (International Astronomical Union) Michel Mayor chaired the Commission on the “Structure and Dynamics of the Galactic System” (1988-1991), as well as the new Commission devoted to “Extra-solar planets” (2006-2009).\n\nTwenty years after the discovery of 51Peg b, Michel Mayor is still very active to detect and characterize exoplanets, devoting a large fraction of his time as a member of his group of research as well as inspiring other teams. For example, Michel Mayor was at the origin (with D. Latham) of the development of a northern copy of the overwhelming HARPS spectrograph to measure the mass of rocky planets detected by the Kepler space mission. A program focused on the physics of very low mass planets having allowed numerous scientific publications. He also gives a large tribute to outreach activities … a direct consequence of the exceptional interest of the public for that new domain of astronomy.\n\n Since 2007, Michel Mayor is Emeritus Professor at Geneva University. He has been jointly awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Physics along with Professor James Peebles and Professor Didier Queloz."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987418/gesda-22/person/michel-mayor_photo__michel-mayor_ljsdcw.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1a2","name":"Marie-Laure Salles","slug":"marie-laure-salles","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Marie-Laure Salles became Director of the Geneva Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies in September 2020.\n\nBefore joining the Institute, she was Dean of the School of Management and Innovation at Sciences Po Paris, a school she launched in 2016. Before that, she was Professor at ESSEC Business School, where she was also, in turn, Dean of the Faculty and Associate Dean for the PhD Programme.\n\nWith a PhD in Sociology from Harvard University and a habilitation à diriger les recherches from Dauphine University in Paris, Marie-Laure Salles was, until her arrival in Geneva, Professor at the Centre de sociologie des organisations (CSO) at Sciences Po Paris. Her research interests range from the role of social networks in the transnational diffusion of rules, practices and ideas, to the historical transformation of capitalism and national institutions, with a particular interest for the evolving nature of the social responsibility of firms and for the changing conditions of transnational dynamics of economic governance in the context of globalisation. She has published broadly on those issues in top academic journals and books, and has received several awards, including the prestigious Max Weber Award for Distinguished Scholarship from the American Sociological Association in 2000.\n\nMarie-Laure Salles has been a visiting professor in prestigious academic institutions in the United States and Europe. She holds a PhD honoris causa from Stockholm University and was made a Knight in the Legion of Honour by the French Government in 2017."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987353/gesda-22/person/marie-laure-salles_photo__marie-laure-salles-profil_su1zx4.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c2","name":"Michael Schaepman","slug":"michael-schaepman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Prof. Dr. sc. nat. Michael Schaepman (b. 1966) studied geography, experimental physics, and informatics at the University of Zurich and earned his doctoral degree at the Department of Geography of UZH in 1998. Following postdoctoral work at the University of Arizona in Tucson, USA, he returned to the UZH Department of Geography in 2000 to head up a research group. In 2003, Michael Schaepman was appointed professor of geographic information science at the Department of Environmental Sciences at Wageningen University (Netherlands), where as of 2005, he was academic head of the Center for Geoinformation. He has been professor of remote sensing at the Department of Geography (Remote Sensing Laboratories) at the University of Zurich since 2009. His research priorities include Earth observation, remote sensing, and spectroscopy to measure biodiversity from space. Michael Schaepman was appointed Vice Dean and then Dean of the Faculty of Science in 2014 and 2016, respectively. From 2017 to 2020 he was the member of the Executive Board of the University responsible for the areas of research, innovation and academic career development. He has been President of the University of Zurich since 1 August 2020."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1680669418/gesda-22/person/michael-schaepman_photo__Michael_Schaepman_oqrn2p.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1680669418/gesda-22/person/michael-schaepman_photo__Michael_Schaepman_oqrn2p.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1680669418/gesda-22/person/michael-schaepman_photo__Michael_Schaepman_oqrn2p.jpg.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b001","path":"/science-anticipation/gesda-science-anticipation-methodology","summary":{"plain":"The content of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is mainly built upon the contributions of the community of scientists and scholars across all considered areas. This section provides a description and key statistics about all parts of the report.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"GESDA’s science anticipation methodology encompasses several complementary approaches, each designed to capture different dimensions of anticipation. Together, and with a unifying focus on the 5, 10 and 25-year horizons, these activities yield a rich body of qualitative and quantitative anticipatory intelligence.\n"},"slug":"gesda-science-anticipation-methodology","name":"GESDA Science Anticipation Methodology","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The content of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is mainly built upon the contributions of the community of scientists and scholars across all considered areas. This section provides a description and key statistics about all parts of the report.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760484667/gesda-platform/page/methodology_thumbnail__Methodology_2026_hguzit.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760484667/gesda-platform/page/methodology_thumbnail__Methodology_2026_hguzit.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760484667/gesda-platform/page/methodology_thumbnail__Methodology_2026_hguzit.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760484667/gesda-platform/page/methodology_thumbnail__Methodology_2026_hguzit.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760484667/gesda-platform/page/methodology_thumbnail__Methodology_2026_hguzit.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation"},"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afe8","path":"/top-trends","summary":{"plain":"Beyond working with the scientific community to ensure the Radar reflects the latest developments and trajectories in science and technology, the Pulse of Science has been expanded to include four new scientific topics: Robotics and Embodied Intelligence; the Behavioural Science of Groups; Digital Security; and Archaeology. GESDA has also renewed its approach to science anticipation, developing and refining a robust methodology that reflects the broad range and uncertainty of possible future scientific trajectories, their potential transformative effects on both science and society, and the scope for multilateral action in the present.\n"},"intro":{"plain":""},"slug":"top-trends-2049","name":"Top Trends 2049","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"2024","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Beyond working with the scientific community to ensure the Radar reflects the latest developments and trajectories in science and technology, the Pulse of Science has been expanded to include four new scientific topics: Robotics and Embodied Intelligence; the Behavioural Science of Groups; Digital Security; and Archaeology. GESDA has also renewed its approach to science anticipation, developing and refining a robust methodology that reflects the broad range and uncertainty of possible future scientific trajectories, their potential transformative effects on both science and society, and the scope for multilateral action in the present.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727682785/gesda-platform/banner/top-trends-banner_thumbnail__top_trends_1_eoj1gt.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727682785/gesda-platform/banner/top-trends-banner_thumbnail__top_trends_1_eoj1gt.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727682785/gesda-platform/banner/top-trends-banner_thumbnail__top_trends_1_eoj1gt.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727682785/gesda-platform/banner/top-trends-banner_thumbnail__top_trends_1_eoj1gt.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727682785/gesda-platform/banner/top-trends-banner_thumbnail__top_trends_1_eoj1gt.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afea","path":"/fungal-pandemics","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"It may not attract much attention in everyday life, but the fungal kingdom has a remarkable breadth and depth of impact on human and environmental well-being. \nFungi are integral to health, agriculture, biodiversity, ecology, manufacturing and biomedicine. They are Earth’s pre-eminent degraders of organic matter, are among the best-characterised model systems for biomedical research and produce enzymes crucial for fermentation, food production, bioremediation and biofuel production. Fungi have also made invaluable contributions to medicine: they produce a phenomenal diversity of chemicals that we have found uses for as antibiotics, immunosuppressants that make organ transplants possible and drugs that reduce the risk of heart disease.\n"},"slug":"fungal-pandemics","name":"Fungal Pandemics","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023 / 2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"It may not attract much attention in everyday life, but the fungal kingdom has a remarkable breadth and depth of impact on human and environmental well-being. \nFungi are integral to health, agriculture, biodiversity, ecology, manufacturing and biomedicine. They are Earth’s pre-eminent degraders of organic matter, are among the best-characterised model systems for biomedical research and produce enzymes crucial for fermentation, food production, bioremediation and biofuel production. Fungi have also made invaluable contributions to medicine: they produce a phenomenal diversity of chemicals that we have found uses for as antibiotics, immunosuppressants that make organ transplants possible and drugs that reduce the risk of heart disease.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843129/gesda-platform/page/fungal-pandemics_thumbnail__IC-Fungal_Pandemics_S_dgdewr.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843129/gesda-platform/page/fungal-pandemics_thumbnail__IC-Fungal_Pandemics_S_dgdewr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843129/gesda-platform/page/fungal-pandemics_thumbnail__IC-Fungal_Pandemics_S_dgdewr.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843129/gesda-platform/page/fungal-pandemics_thumbnail__IC-Fungal_Pandemics_S_dgdewr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843129/gesda-platform/page/fungal-pandemics_thumbnail__IC-Fungal_Pandemics_S_dgdewr.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b18b","name":"Leah Cowen","slug":"leah-cowen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Leah Cowen is the Vice-President, Research and Innovation, and Strategic Initiatives and a Professor in the Department of Molecular Genetics.\n\nHer laboratory takes an interdisciplinary approach to understand what allows some microbes to exploit the host and cause disease, and to develop new strategies to treat life-threatening infectious disease.\n\nSince 2007, Dr. Cowen has been a Canada Research Chair in Microbial Genomics and Infectious Disease in the Department of Molecular Genetics at the University of Toronto. Her research has been recognized with a myriad of awards including a Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences, a Merck Irving S. Sigal Memorial Award, an E. W. R. Steacie Award from the Natural Sciences & Engineering Research Council, a Ministry of Research and Innovation Early Researcher Award, and a Grand Challenges Canada Star in Global Health Award. She is an elected Fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology and the American Association for the Advancement of Science.\n\nDr. Cowen has cultivated a network of international excellence through her extensive team of over 70 collaborators, and is advancing knowledge translation as a co-founder of Bright Angel Therapeutics, a company that leverages state-of-the-art technologies for development of novel antifungal therapeutics."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695011859/gesda-23/person/leah-cowen_photo__LeahCowen_ynoyfr.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695011859/gesda-23/person/leah-cowen_photo__LeahCowen_ynoyfr.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695011859/gesda-23/person/leah-cowen_photo__LeahCowen_ynoyfr.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b174","name":"Joseph Heitman","slug":"joseph-heitman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Joseph Heitman was an undergraduate at the University of Chicago (1980-1984), graduating from the BS-MS program with dual degrees in chemistry and biochemistry with general and special honors. He then matriculated as an MD-PhD student at Cornell and Rockefeller Universities and worked with Peter Model and Norton Zinder on how restriction enzymes recognize specific DNA sequences and how bacteria respond to and repair DNA breaks and nicks. Dr. Heitman moved as an EMBO long-term fellow to the Biocenter in Basel Switzerland where, in studies with Mike Hall and Rao Movva, pioneered the use of yeast as a model for studies of immunosuppressive drug action. Their studies elucidated the central role of FKBP12 in forming complexes with FK506 and rapamycin that inhibit cell signaling and growth, discovered Tor1 and Tor2 as the targets of rapamycin, and contributed to the appreciation that immunosuppressive drugs inhibit signal transduction cascades that are conserved from yeasts to humans.\n\nDr. Heitman moved to Duke University in 1992, and is a member of the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology where his studies focus on microorganisms addressing fundamental biological questions and unmet medical needs.  Dr. Heitman and colleagues focus on model and pathogenic yeasts including Cryptococcus neoformans and other diverse species from the fungal kingdom. Their studies with fungi as genetic models have revealed biological and genetic principles that can be generalized as models for eukaryotic cell and organism function. These include discovering FKBP12 and Tor1/2 as the targets of the immunosuppressive anti-proliferative natural product rapamycin, elucidating central roles of the calcium activated phosphatase calcineurin governing fungal virulence and morphogenesis and antifungal drug action, deciphering how cells sense and respond to nutrients via permeases, G protein coupled receptors, and the Tor signaling cascade, and illustrating how both model and pathogenic fungi sense both the environment and the infected host. In parallel, their studies address the evolution, structure, and function of fungal mating type loci as models for gene cluster and sex chromosome evolution.  The discovery of an ancestral sex determining locus in the basal fungal lineages involving two HMG domain proteins, SexM and SexP, homologous to the mammalian Sry sex determinant provides insights into both the origins of sex specification and its plasticity throughout the radiation of the fungal and metazoan kingdoms from their last shared common ancestor.  Their discovery of unisexual mating in fungi and subsequent analysis of its impact on the evolution of eukaryotic microbial pathogens provides insights into both microbial evolution and pathogenesis and how sexual reproduction may have first evolved.  Recent studies have unveiled novel mechanisms of antimicrobial drug resistance involving epimutations that silence drug-target genes via RNAi, functions of RNAi in genomic integrity of microbial pathogens, and loss of RNAi in hypervirulent outbreak lineages.\n\nDr. Heitman is a recipient of the Burroughs Wellcome Scholar Award in Molecular Pathogenic Mycology (1998-2005), the 2002 ASBMB AMGEN award for significant contributions using molecular biology to our understanding of human disease, and the 2003 Squibb Award from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) for outstanding contributions to infectious disease research, the 2018 Korsmeyer Award from the American Society for Clinical Investigation, and the 2018 Rhoda Benham Award from the Medical Mycological Society of the Americas.  He is the recipient of an NIH/NIAID MERIT award 2011-2021 in support of studies on fungal unisexual reproduction in microbial pathogen evolution, a Duke University translational research mentoring award in 2012, and a Dean’s Award for Excellence in Mentoring from the Duke Graduate School in 2018.  He has served as an instructor in residence since 1998 for the Molecular Mycology Course at the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, MA. Dr. Heitman is an editor for the journals PLOS Genetics, Genetics (2012-2017), PLOS Pathogens (Pearls review editor), Current Genetics (2001-2014), mBio, and Fungal Genetics and Biology; a member of the editorial boards of PLOS Biology, Current Biology, Cell Host and Microbe, and PeerJ; former editor for PLOS Pathogens (mycology section editor, 2008-2011) and Eukaryotic Cell (2002-2012); an advisory board member for the Fungal Genome Initiative at the Broad Institute, the Fungal Kingdom Genome Project at the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, the NIAID Genomic Sequencing Centers for Infectious Diseases, and for the Integrated Microbial Biodiversity Program at the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR); co-chair for the Duke Chancellor’s Science Advisory Council (2009-2010); and co-chair/chair for the FASEB summer conference on Microbial Pathogenesis: Mechanisms of Infectious Disease (2011, 2013).  He was elected a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation (ASCI) in 2003, a fellow of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) in 2003, a fellow of the American Academy of Microbiology in 2004, a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) in 2004, a member of the Association of American Physicians (AAP) in 2006, and a member of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 2020.  Dr. Heitman was an investigator with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute from 1992 to 2005. Dr. Heitman served as the director for the Duke University Program in Genetics and Genomics (UPGG) from 2002-2009 (including writing two funded competitive renewals for the T32 NIH training grant and establishing the annual program retreat). He was the founding director for the Center for Microbial Pathogenesis (now called the Center for Host-Microbial Interactions, CHoMI) and served in this capacity January 2002-October 2014.  He is currently the director of the Tri-institutional (Duke, UNC-CH, NC State) Molecular Mycology and Pathogenesis Training Program (MMPTP) (since July 1, 2012), and Chair of the Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology (since September 1, 2009)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695106182/gesda-23/person/joseph-heitman_photo__Joseph_Heitman_rlko6c.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695106182/gesda-23/person/joseph-heitman_photo__Joseph_Heitman_rlko6c.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695106182/gesda-23/person/joseph-heitman_photo__Joseph_Heitman_rlko6c.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","slug":"eco-regeneration-geoengineering","path":"/trends/eco-regeneration-geoengineering","outlineNumber":"3","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698afec","path":"/futures-literacy-reflection-on-anticipation","summary":{"plain":"Life exists in our universe, as does time, hence it is no surprise that all living things incorporate the “later-than-now” in their functioning. Anticipatory systems and processes express an amazing diversity of reasons and methods for taking into account the not-yet-existing future. \n"},"intro":{"plain":"Life exists in our universe, as does time, hence it is no surprise that all living things incorporate the “later-than-now” in their functioning. Anticipatory systems and processes, the fruit of serendipitous evolutionary wanderings, express an amazing diversity of reasons and methods for taking into account the not-yet-existing future. \n"},"slug":"futures-literacy-reflection-anticipation","name":"Futures Literacy - Reflection on Anticipation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"2024","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Life exists in our universe, as does time, hence it is no surprise that all living things incorporate the “later-than-now” in their functioning. Anticipatory systems and processes express an amazing diversity of reasons and methods for taking into account the not-yet-existing future. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981538/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-5_thumbnail__IC5-5%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981538/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-5_thumbnail__IC5-5%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981538/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-5_thumbnail__IC5-5%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981538/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-5_thumbnail__IC5-5%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981538/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-5_thumbnail__IC5-5%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b21e","name":"Riel Miller","slug":"riel-miller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Riel Miller is one of the world’s leading authorities on the theory and practice of using the future to change what people see and do. He is recognized as an innovative and globally experienced project initiator, designer and manager. He is widely published in academic journals and other media on a range of topics, from the future of the internet to transforming strategic processes. He is an accomplished keynote speaker and facilitator. He has worked as a senior manager in the Ontario public service (Ministries of Finance; Universities; Industry) and at the OECD in Paris (Economics; Science & Technology; Education; Territorial Development; Development Centre; International Futures Programme). In 2005 he founded a consultancy – xperidox  - to advise clients on how to use the future more effectively. In 2012 he was appointed Head of Foresight at UNESCO."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987572/gesda-22/person/riel-miller_photo__maxresdefault_nztaso.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987572/gesda-22/person/riel-miller_photo__maxresdefault_nztaso.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987572/gesda-22/person/riel-miller_photo__maxresdefault_nztaso.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff1","path":"/","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® provides an overview of science trends and breakthrough predictions at 5, 10 and 25 years in 42 science and technology emerging topics, a synthesis of the related fundamental debates and actions in society, and an exploration of opportunities for concerted action through initial contributions on the implications for international affairs, global challenges, and the SDGs.\n"},"slug":"home","name":"Home","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® provides an overview of science trends and breakthrough predictions at 5, 10 and 25 years in 42 science and technology emerging topics, a synthesis of the related fundamental debates and actions in society, and an exploration of opportunities for concerted action through initial contributions on the implications for international affairs, global challenges, and the SDGs.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727068402/gesda-platform/banner/banner-cover-2024_image__Cover_Background_egkvsv.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727068402/gesda-platform/banner/banner-cover-2024_image__Cover_Background_egkvsv.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727068402/gesda-platform/banner/banner-cover-2024_image__Cover_Background_egkvsv.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727068402/gesda-platform/banner/banner-cover-2024_image__Cover_Background_egkvsv.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727068402/gesda-platform/banner/banner-cover-2024_image__Cover_Background_egkvsv.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff3","path":"/opportunities/how-can-we-anticipate-accompany-and-share-future-science-developments","summary":{"plain":"This is an edited extract of Enrico Letta’s speech at the Public Plenary at the 2021 GESDA Summit. Anticipation, scientific diplomacy, Geneva: these are the three points I will try to elaborate.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"This is an edited extract of Enrico Letta’s speech at the Public Plenary at the 2021 GESDA Summit.\n"},"slug":"how-can-we-anticipate-accompany-and-share-future-science-developments","name":"How can we anticipate, accompany and share future science developments?","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"This is an edited extract of Enrico Letta’s speech at the Public Plenary at the 2021 GESDA Summit. Anticipation, scientific diplomacy, Geneva: these are the three points I will try to elaborate.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981607/gesda-22/banner/banner-non-anticipation_thumbnail__The%20Honest%20Broker%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981607/gesda-22/banner/banner-non-anticipation_thumbnail__The%20Honest%20Broker%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981607/gesda-22/banner/banner-non-anticipation_thumbnail__The%20Honest%20Broker%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981607/gesda-22/banner/banner-non-anticipation_thumbnail__The%20Honest%20Broker%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981607/gesda-22/banner/banner-non-anticipation_thumbnail__The%20Honest%20Broker%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0fd","name":"Enrico Letta","slug":"enrico-letta","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Since 2015, Enrico Letta is the Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA) at Sciences Po in Paris and since 2016, the President of the Jacques Delors Institute. In June 2019, Enrico Letta has been appointed President of APSIA (Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs).\nHe was the Prime Minister of Italy (2013-2014). Before he served as Minister for EU Affairs (1998-1999), as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts (2000), as Minister for Industry, Commerce and Crafts and Foreign Trade (2000-2001), and as Undersecretary of State to the Prime Minister of the centre-left government led by Romano Prodi from 2006 to 2008.\nBetween 2001 and 2015, he was Member of the Italian Parliament, excluding between 2004 and 2006 when he was Member of the European Parliament. \nHe was born in Pisa in 1966 and he spent the first years of his life in Strasbourg. He graduated in International Law at the University of Pisa and obtained a PhD in European Union Law at the School for Advanced Studies “Sant’Anna” of Pisa (Italy).\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1743058806/gesda-platform/person/enrico-letta_photo__Enrico_Letta_cvplcp.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1743058806/gesda-platform/person/enrico-letta_photo__Enrico_Letta_cvplcp.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1743058806/gesda-platform/person/enrico-letta_photo__Enrico_Letta_cvplcp.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698affb","path":"/introductory-video","summary":{"plain":"We cannot predict the future, but we can anticipate it. Watch the introduction to learn more about the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar.\n"},"intro":{"plain":""},"slug":"introductory-video","name":"Introductory Video","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"We cannot predict the future, but we can anticipate it. Watch the introduction to learn more about the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981834/gesda-22/banner/banner-video-overview_thumbnail__video-overview-thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981834/gesda-22/banner/banner-video-overview_thumbnail__video-overview-thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981834/gesda-22/banner/banner-video-overview_thumbnail__video-overview-thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981834/gesda-22/banner/banner-video-overview_thumbnail__video-overview-thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981834/gesda-22/banner/banner-video-overview_thumbnail__video-overview-thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b002","path":"/misperceptions-meta-perceptions-and-conflict","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The evidence is overwhelming that humans are by default co-operative, moral and deeply averse to harming others. Our very co-existence in cities with millions of residents, on a planet with billions of inhabitants, testifies to that. And yet, by some counts, over 200 million civilians have been killed in acts of genocide, war, and other forms of collective conflict over the last century alone. \n"},"slug":"misperceptions-meta-perceptions-and-conflict","name":"Misperceptions, Meta-perceptions and Conflict","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The evidence is overwhelming that humans are by default co-operative, moral and deeply averse to harming others. Our very co-existence in cities with millions of residents, on a planet with billions of inhabitants, testifies to that. And yet, by some counts, over 200 million civilians have been killed in acts of genocide, war, and other forms of collective conflict over the last century alone. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727421/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-1-metaconflict_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-1_Metaconflict-thumb_nzgdyg.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727421/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-1-metaconflict_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-1_Metaconflict-thumb_nzgdyg.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727421/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-1-metaconflict_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-1_Metaconflict-thumb_nzgdyg.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727421/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-1-metaconflict_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-1_Metaconflict-thumb_nzgdyg.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727421/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-1-metaconflict_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-1_Metaconflict-thumb_nzgdyg.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","slug":"science-and-diplomacy","path":"/trends/science-diplomacy","outlineNumber":"4","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b003","path":"/moving-landscapes-in-geopolitics","summary":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is an essential tool to allow humanity to benefit from scientific advances through anticipatory science diplomacy.  \n"},"intro":{"plain":"GESDA's ambition is to allow humanity to benefit from scientific advances through anticipatory science diplomacy — to use the future to build the present, in other words. The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is an essential tool in this endeavour. It provides a mapping of which scientific advances in the coming 5, 10 and 25 years could have strong implications on humanity.\n"},"slug":"moving-landscapes-in-geopolitics","name":"Moving landscapes in geopolitics","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is an essential tool to allow humanity to benefit from scientific advances through anticipatory science diplomacy.  \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981524/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-2_thumbnail__IC5-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981524/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-2_thumbnail__IC5-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981524/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-2_thumbnail__IC5-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981524/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-2_thumbnail__IC5-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981524/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-2_thumbnail__IC5-2%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b156","name":"Jean-Marc Rickli","slug":"jean-marc-rickli","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Jean-Marc Rickli is the Head of Global and Emerging Risks at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) in Geneva, Switzerland. He is the co-chair of the NATO Partnership for Peace Consortium emerging security challenges working group and a senior advisor for the AI (Artificial Intelligence) Initiative at the Future Society. He is also a member of The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems and represents the GCSP in the United Nations in the framework of the Governmental Group of Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). He is a member of the advisory board of Tech4Trust, the first Swiss startup acceleration program in the field of digital trust and cybersecurity. In 2020, he was nominated as one of the 100 most influential French-speaking Swiss by the Swiss newspaper Le Temps. Prior to these appointments, Dr Rickli was an assistant professor at the Department of Defence Studies of King’s College London. Dr Rickli received his PhD and MPhil in International Relations from Oxford University, UK, where he was also a Berrow scholar at Lincoln College. His latest book published by Georgetown University Press is entitled Surrogate Warfare: The Transformation of War in the Twenty-first Century. He has lived and worked in Europe, USA, Middle East and China."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0a4","name":"Arancha González Laya","slug":"arancha-gonzalez-laya","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Arancha González Laya is the third Dean of PSIA at Sciences Po and first woman to lead the world's third school for Politics and International Studies.  \n\nPrior to joining PSIA, González Laya served as Spain’s Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation (2020-2021). She previously was Assistant-Secretary-General of the United Nations and Executive Director of the International Trade Centre (2013-2020). Between 2005 and 2013 she served as Chief of Staff to the Director-General of the World Trade Organization, Pascal Lamy. Before that she held senior positions at the European Commission in the areas of international trade and development. González Laya started her career as lawyer in the private sector. \n\nMs González Laya has been a member of PSIA's Strategic Committee since 2017.\n\nA Spanish national,González Laya holds a degree in law from the University of Navarra and a Postgraduate Degree in European Law from the University Carlos III of Madrid. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668986958/gesda-22/person/arancha-gonzalez-laya_photo__laya_gdvz5w.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668986958/gesda-22/person/arancha-gonzalez-laya_photo__laya_gdvz5w.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668986958/gesda-22/person/arancha-gonzalez-laya_photo__laya_gdvz5w.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1d3","name":"Nayef Al-Rodhan","slug":"nayef-al-rodhan","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Nayef Al-Rodhan is a Philosopher, Neuroscientist and Geostrategist. He is Head of GCSP's Geopolitics and Global Futures Programme and Honorary Fellow of St. Antony's College at Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom. He was voted as one of the Top 30 most influential Neuroscientists in the world.\n\nHe holds an M.D. and a Ph.D. He trained in neurosurgery/neuroscience research at the Mayo Clinic, Yale University and Harvard University.\n\nHe founded the neurotechnology programme, headed translational research and founded the laboratory for cellular neurosurgery and neurosurgical technology at MGH, Harvard. He was on the faculty of the Harvard Medical School, has published extensively on neuroscience research and won several research prizes. These prizes include: The Sir James Spence Prize; The Gibb Prize; The Farquhar-Murray Prize; The American Association of Neurological Surgeon Poster Prize (twice); The Meninger Prize; The Annual Resident Prize of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons; The Young Investigator Prize of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons; The Annual Fellowship Prize of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.\n\nHis interests include: Geostrategy and Sustainable National and Global Security; The Role of Science, Aerospace and Strategic Technologies in Geopolitics and Human Destiny; Global Strategic Cascading Risks; Global Justice, Human Dignity and Transcultural Synergy; Philosophy of Good Governance, Philosophy of Human Nature, Philosophy of History and Collective Civilisational Triumph; the History of Ideas; the Neurochemical and Cellular Foundations and Predilections of Human Nature and Their Implications for Global Discourses and Moral and Political Cooperation."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b158","name":"Jean-Marie Guéhenno","slug":"jean-marie-guehenno","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jean-Marie Guéhenno has come back to Columbia as the inaugural Kent visiting professor in conflict resolution. Guéhenno first came to SIPA in 2010 to serve as the Director of the Center of International Conflict Resolution and the Associate Director of the Arnold A. Saltzman Institute for War and Peace Studies. He left in 2014, when he was appointed President and CEO of the International Crisis Group. He is now a member of the U.N. Secretary General High-Level Advisory Board on Mediation.\n \nGuéhenno previously served as United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations from 2000-2008. In that role, he led the largest expansion of peacekeeping in the history of the UN, overseeing approximately 130,000 staff on eighteen missions. Before joining the United Nations, Guéhenno served as director of policy planning in the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ambassador to the Western European Union, and chairman of the French Institute of Higher Defense Studies.\n \nGuéhenno has published articles in many newspapers and magazines, including \"The Impact of Globalisation on Strategy\" in the International Institute for Strategic Studies' Survival, \"Globalisation and the International System\" in the Journal of Democracy, “United Nations and Civil Wars in Daedalus, as well as articles or chapters in Internationale Politik, Prospect, Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy, and Strategic Analysis. He is the author of the End of the Nation-State (1993).\n \nGuéhenno has also taught extensively, including as a professor at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques of Paris and at the Ecole Nationale d'Administration. Guéhenno is a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution; he chairs the scientific committee of the Institute for higher defense studies in Paris, and is a board member of the Carnegie Corporation, of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, and of his alma mater, the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris.\n\nGuéhenno is a graduate of the Ecole Normale Supérieure, the Institut d'Etudes Politiques, and the Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b173","name":"Joseph D’Cruz","slug":"joseph-d-cruz","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987274/gesda-22/person/joseph-d-cruz_photo__Unknown_dzcn5m.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1ed","name":"Pak Nung Wong","slug":"pak-nung-wong","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Theory, practice and ethics of statecraft have been central in my research and publications.\n\nIn 'Post-Colonial Statecraft in South East Asia: Sovereignty, State-building and the Chinese in the Philippines' (I. B. Tauris, 2013), I argued for the creative strategies, resilience and enduring strengths of the seemingly 'weak' Philippine state in successfully keeping itself intact. The completion of this project was only possible with the generous help of the Filipino people, the Philippine government and the Roman Catholic Church in the Philippines. \n\nThrough a series of dialogues within an international networks of theologians and scholars, 'Discerning the Powers in Post-Colonial Africa and Asia: A Treatise of Christian Statecraft' (Springer Nature 2016) was an intended contribution to the inter-connected fields of political sociology/science, political theology and post-colonial studies. The book also depicts the larger intellectual context and project of 'Bandung: Journal of the Global South', which I founded with a group of distinguished scholars, senior policy-makers and forefront practitioners since 2013. Having published by Springer Nature from 2015 to 2018, 'Bandung: Journal of the Global South' has been published by Brill Publishers (Leiden & Boston) since 2019. \n\nThrough the researh and writing of the book 'Destined Statecraft: Eurasian Small Power Politics and Strategic Cultures in Geopolitical Shifts' (Springer Nature 2018), I was privileged to have participated in and contributed to the research projects of not just in the academia, but also to the policy-making discussions and processes in a number of think-tanks, NGOs, governments, foreign service/affairs ministries and the Church, especially in the Global South. \n\nIn 'Logics of the Powers: Towards an Impact-driven Practice of Futurist Statecraft' (Routledge 2022) and 'Techno-Geopolitics: U.S.-China Tech War and the Practice of Digital Statecraft' (Routledge 2022), apart from outlining a new research strategy which aims to shape and co-create the global future with policy-makers and practitioners across the world, I devised new concepts including the 'non-human agency', which captures the agency of such non-human entities as artificial intelligence and robotics for preparing for a more sustainable and interstellar future of human mankind. \n\nMy hearts and thoughts are often with the weak, the small and the inarticulated. Tears and sorrows can be sacred. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987494/gesda-22/person/pak-nung-wong_photo__Screenshot_2022-09-09_at_11.29.15_dpwefx.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987494/gesda-22/person/pak-nung-wong_photo__Screenshot_2022-09-09_at_11.29.15_dpwefx.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987494/gesda-22/person/pak-nung-wong_photo__Screenshot_2022-09-09_at_11.29.15_dpwefx.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b004","path":"/moving-landscapes-in-the-humanities-and-social-sciences","summary":{"plain":"The GESDA Board of Directors recognised from the start that, if we want to use the future to build the present, three essential questions must be kept in mind: Who are we, as humans? How can we all live together? How can we ensure the sustainable future of our planet?\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The vision of GESDA is to use the future to build the present, through the anticipation of future science advances and breakthroughs. The GESDA Board of Directors recognised from the start that, if we want those advances to ultimately lead to a better life for humanity on a healthy planet, three essential questions must be kept in mind throughout the process. Those questions are:\n"},"slug":"moving-landscapes-in-the-humanities-and-social-sciences","name":"Moving landscapes in the humanities and social sciences","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Board of Directors recognised from the start that, if we want to use the future to build the present, three essential questions must be kept in mind: Who are we, as humans? How can we all live together? How can we ensure the sustainable future of our planet?\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981519/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-1_thumbnail__IC5-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981519/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-1_thumbnail__IC5-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981519/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-1_thumbnail__IC5-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981519/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-1_thumbnail__IC5-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981519/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-1_thumbnail__IC5-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1a5","name":"Mark Hunyadi","slug":"mark-hunyadi","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Mark Hunyadi is currently professor of social, moral and political philosophy at the Catholic University of Louvain (Belgium). He studied in Geneva, Paris and Frankfurt, with Jürgen Habermas with whom he worked for two years, before obtaining his doctorate in Geneva in 1995. He was professor of moral and applied philosophy at Laval University in Quebec from 2004 to 2007. In 2010, he founded the European Center at UCL, where he is also part of Louvain Bionics, a research center dedicated to interface between robotics and medicine. He regularly reports on current philosophical issues in the Supplement littéraire du Temps (Lausanne/Geneva).\nMark Hunyadi is also Associate Professor at the Institut Mines-Télécom de Paris (Chair VP-IP: Values and policies of Personal Information), Member of the Ethics Committee of Orange (France) and member of the Joint INRAE-CIRAD Ethics Committee -IFREMER-IRD (which are 4 French research institutes working on issues of agriculture and food systems, environment and exploitation of the sea, in France and on a global scale, and for the development of countries from South)"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987360/gesda-22/person/mark-hunyadi_photo__Mark_Hunyadi_ryi4yf.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987360/gesda-22/person/mark-hunyadi_photo__Mark_Hunyadi_ryi4yf.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987360/gesda-22/person/mark-hunyadi_photo__Mark_Hunyadi_ryi4yf.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b27f","name":"Wendell Wallach","slug":"wendell-wallach","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Wendell Wallach is a consultant, ethicist, and scholar at Yale University's Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics, and a senior advisor to The Hastings Center. He is also the Carnegie-Uehiro Senior Fellow at the Carnegie Council for Ethics in International Affairs, a fellow at the Center for Law, Science & Innovation at the Sandra Day O'Connor School of Law (Arizona State University) and a fellow at the Institute for Ethics & Emerging Technology. At Yale Mr. Wallach chaired the Center's working research group on Technology and Ethics for twelve years, and stepped down from that role in 2019.Wendell Wallach's latest book A Dangerous Master: How to keep technology from slipping beyond our control was published by BASIC Books in June 2015. He also co-authored (with Colin Allen, Indiana University) Moral Machines: Teaching Robots Right From Wrong (Oxford University Press), which mapped the then new field of enquiry variously called machine ethics, machine morality, computational morality, or friendly AI. In addition, Wendell is series editor for the eight Volume Library of Essays on the Ethics of Emerging Technology, which was published by Routledge/Taylor & Francis Group in 2017. He has also authored dozens of article in professional journals. Mr. Wallach has an international reputation as an expert on the ethical and governance challenges posed by emerging technologies, particularly artificial intelligence and neuroscience. He was featured along with Honda's Asimov in the award-winning short film Living with Robots, and has been interviewed and quoted often in leading news media including The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and BBC News. He has also been interviewed on MSNBC, FOX, the FOX Business Channel, PBS and countless national and local radio shows. He received the World Technology Network award for Ethics in 2014 and for Journalism and Media in 2015, as well as a Fulbright Research Chair at the University of Ottawa for 2015-2016. The World Economic Forum (WEF) appointed Mr. Wallach co-chair of its Global Future Council on Technology, Values, and Policy for the 2016-2018 term. Presently he serves on the WEF AI Council. \nMore information can be found on the website http://wendellwallach.com/wordpress/about/"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987715/gesda-22/person/wendell-wallach_photo__wallace_400px-300x300_dam98h.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987715/gesda-22/person/wendell-wallach_photo__wallace_400px-300x300_dam98h.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987715/gesda-22/person/wendell-wallach_photo__wallace_400px-300x300_dam98h.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b009","path":"/opportunities/open-quantum-institute-incubation-phase","summary":{"plain":"Beyond a think-tank, GESDA is also a do-tank. GESDA is committed to ideate and design Solution Ideas for effective multilateralism with its science diplomacy community. GESDA then incubates and implements the most globally relevant and transformative of these Solution Ideas with its partners.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"The Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA) is a Swiss independent private non-for-profit Foundation, established as a global Public Private Partnership by the Swiss and Geneva governments in 2019. \nGESDA’s mission is to develop an instrument of anticipation and action to provide solutions to current and future technological challenges, turn them into opportunities and widen the circle of beneficiaries of advances in science and technology.\nBeyond a think-tank, GESDA is also a do-tank. GESDA is committed to ideate and design Solution Ideas for effective multilateralism with its science diplomacy community. GESDA then incubates and implements the most globally relevant and transformative of these Solution Ideas with its partners.\nGESDA does not aim to host and manage the initiatives beyond an initial incubation phase. Its goal is to hand over the initiatives with proven viability which are ready to be fully deployed, so that implementation partners with the institutional capacity and the operational means can build them at scale. This includes securing the funding of the first years of operation of the initiative.\n"},"slug":"open-quantum-institute-incubation-phase","name":"Open Quantum Institute: Incubation Phase","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Beyond a think-tank, GESDA is also a do-tank. GESDA is committed to ideate and design Solution Ideas for effective multilateralism with its science diplomacy community. GESDA then incubates and implements the most globally relevant and transformative of these Solution Ideas with its partners.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727555/gesda-23/banner/banner-opp-4-oqi_thumbnail__banner_-_OPP4_oqi-thumb_te4p3s.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727555/gesda-23/banner/banner-opp-4-oqi_thumbnail__banner_-_OPP4_oqi-thumb_te4p3s.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727555/gesda-23/banner/banner-opp-4-oqi_thumbnail__banner_-_OPP4_oqi-thumb_te4p3s.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727555/gesda-23/banner/banner-opp-4-oqi_thumbnail__banner_-_OPP4_oqi-thumb_te4p3s.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727555/gesda-23/banner/banner-opp-4-oqi_thumbnail__banner_-_OPP4_oqi-thumb_te4p3s.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1a3","name":"Marieke Hood","slug":"marieke-hood","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Ms Hood holds a Master’s degree in management from emlyon business school and a Master’s degree in urban planning and development from University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. She began her career in strategy consulting, where she advised local, regional and national governments on economic and innovation policy. She has a specific interest in assessing the methods and mechanisms that policymakers use to accelerate economic development in their regions, such as innovation clusters, incubators, accelerators and technology transfer platforms. In 2012, Ms Hood joined the Swiss Department of Foreign Affairs at the Embassy of Switzerland, first in Paris and until recently in London. In her latest capacity as the head of Swiss Business Hub UK+Ireland, she supported business and R&D ventures between Swiss and UK corporates and start-ups. She has led projects on artificial intelligence and data-driven technology with applications in healthcare, life science and performance engineering. In August 2020 she joined GESDA, where she heads operations, private-sector innovation and public affairs. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695017123/gesda-23/person/marieke-hood_photo__Marieke_Hood_r5hv3a.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695017123/gesda-23/person/marieke-hood_photo__Marieke_Hood_r5hv3a.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695017123/gesda-23/person/marieke-hood_photo__Marieke_Hood_r5hv3a.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b016","path":"/polar-resources","summary":{"plain":"There is a long-standing misconception that the Arctic is somehow above international relations. However, what goes on at the top of the world has always reflected competition between great powers. \n"},"intro":{"plain":"There is a long-standing misconception that the Arctic is somehow above international relations. However, what goes on at the top of the world has always reflected competition between great powers. As we enter a new period of geopolitical upheaval, there is every reason to believe that we might soon witness new and dramatic impacts on science, natural resources and the environment in this crucial region.\n"},"slug":"polar-resources","name":"Polar Resources","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"There is a long-standing misconception that the Arctic is somehow above international relations. However, what goes on at the top of the world has always reflected competition between great powers. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981505/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-3-1_thumbnail__IC3-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981505/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-3-1_thumbnail__IC3-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981505/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-3-1_thumbnail__IC3-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981505/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-3-1_thumbnail__IC3-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981505/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-3-1_thumbnail__IC3-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b217","name":"Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen","slug":"rasmus","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Rasmus Gjedssø Bertelsen joined ISDP as a Non-Resident Senior Research Fellow with the Sino-Nordic Arctic Policy Program in November 2014. Dr. Bertelsen is a Danish political scientist and International Relations scholar. He is the inaugural Barents Chair in Politics at the University of Tromsø-The Arctic University of Norway.\n\nDr. Bertelsen does research on the place of the Arctic in global environmental and political-economic globalisation processes. He is therefore focused on the role of the Arctic in a transforming international order where Asia is reclaiming its historical economic and political weight. Where Asian powers see themselves as stakeholders in regions around the world, these powers are concerned with climate change and they have interests in energy security, raw materials supply and shipping lanes for continued economic growth.\n\nDr. Bertelsen has studied political science at the Universities of Copenhagen, Iceland, Lausanne and Geneva. He was a Huygens research stipendiary at the University of Amsterdam. Dr. Bertelsen holds a PhD in International Relations from the University of Cambridge, during which time he was a visiting PhD candidate at Sciences Po. He was a postdoc at the Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government funded by the Danish Social Science Research Council, the Kuwait Program at Harvard (Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences) and the Dubai Initiative. Dr Bertelsen has also been a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science postdoctoral fellow at Tokyo Institute of Technology and United Nations University—Institute of Advanced Studies. Recently he was a postdoc and assistant professor of European Studies and International Relations at Aalborg University."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987563/gesda-22/person/rasmus_photo__rasmus_jah03x.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987563/gesda-22/person/rasmus_photo__rasmus_jah03x.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987563/gesda-22/person/rasmus_photo__rasmus_jah03x.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b031","path":"/opportunities/taking-the-pulse-of-diplomacy","summary":{"plain":"Diplomacy, multilateralism, the role of states and the involvement of society are rapidly evolving. Science and technology are driving change but so are global challenges such as climate change, geopolitical tensions, migration, inequalities and nations’ efforts to achieve growth. In order to tackle these challenges, it makes sense to accelerate the use of the opportunities offered by advances in science.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"Diplomacy, multilateralism, the role of states and the involvement of society are rapidly evolving. Science and technology are driving change but so are global challenges such as climate change, geopolitical tensions, migration, inequalities and nations’ efforts to achieve growth. In order to tackle these challenges, it makes sense to accelerate the use of the opportunities offered by advances in science. But this depends on relations between scientists, politicians, diplomats, entrepreneurs and citizens — whose agendas, mindsets, experiences, as well as responsibilities, expertise and legitimacy to act differ fundamentally.\n"},"slug":"taking-the-pulse-of-diplomacy","name":"Taking the Pulse of Diplomacy","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Opportunity","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Diplomacy, multilateralism, the role of states and the involvement of society are rapidly evolving. Science and technology are driving change but so are global challenges such as climate change, geopolitical tensions, migration, inequalities and nations’ efforts to achieve growth. In order to tackle these challenges, it makes sense to accelerate the use of the opportunities offered by advances in science.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981630/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-4_thumbnail__129_OU-3-TAKING%20THE%20PULSE%20OF%20DIPLOMACY-1900px.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981630/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-4_thumbnail__129_OU-3-TAKING%20THE%20PULSE%20OF%20DIPLOMACY-1900px.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981630/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-4_thumbnail__129_OU-3-TAKING%20THE%20PULSE%20OF%20DIPLOMACY-1900px.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981630/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-4_thumbnail__129_OU-3-TAKING%20THE%20PULSE%20OF%20DIPLOMACY-1900px.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981630/gesda-22/banner/banner-ou-4_thumbnail__129_OU-3-TAKING%20THE%20PULSE%20OF%20DIPLOMACY-1900px.jpg"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b00b","path":"/opportunities","slug":"opportunities","name":"Opportunities"},"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b06a","name":"Opportunity","slug":"opportunity"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b10a","name":"Federal Councillor Ignazio Cassis","slug":"ignazio-cassis","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1743061180/gesda-platform/person/federal-councillor-ignazio-cassis_photo__Ignazio_Cassis_eqp8r0.avif","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1743061180/gesda-platform/person/federal-councillor-ignazio-cassis_photo__Ignazio_Cassis_eqp8r0.avif","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1743061180/gesda-platform/person/federal-councillor-ignazio-cassis_photo__Ignazio_Cassis_eqp8r0.avif"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c0","name":"Michael Møller","slug":"michael-moller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Mr Møller spent 40 years as an international civil servant in the United Nations. He began his career in 1979 with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and worked for the United Nations in different capacities in New York, Mexico, Iran, Haiti, Cyprus and Geneva. From 1995 to 1997, he served as Senior Political Advisor to the Director-General of UNOG. Between 1997 and 2001, he was Head of the Office of the Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs at United Nations headquarters; between 2001 and 2006 he was Director for Political, Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Affairs in the Office of the Secretary-General, while serving concurrently as Deputy Chef de Cabinet of the Secretary-General for the last two years of that period. Mr Møller also served as the Secretary-General’s Special Representative for Cyprus from 2006 to 2008 and was the Executive Director of the Kofi Annan Foundation from 2008 to 2011. In recognition of his efforts to deepen public understanding of the vital role played by the United Nations and its partners in Geneva, Mr Møller received a series of awards from the City of Geneva, the Union Suisse des Attachés de Presse and, most recently, the Fondation pour Genève. He was also awarded the Bourgeoisie d’Honneur de Genève by the Republic and Canton of Geneva in 2020. Born in Copenhagen in 1952, Michael Møller earned a Master’s degree in international relations from Johns Hopkins University in the United States and a Bachelor’s degree in international relations from the University of Sussex in the United Kingdom."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987411/gesda-22/person/michael-moller_photo__artworks-BFm8LV6wtB8z0cMF-SMeQHg-t500x500_oesnkp.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987411/gesda-22/person/michael-moller_photo__artworks-BFm8LV6wtB8z0cMF-SMeQHg-t500x500_oesnkp.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987411/gesda-22/person/michael-moller_photo__artworks-BFm8LV6wtB8z0cMF-SMeQHg-t500x500_oesnkp.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b247","name":"Sir Jeremy Farrar","slug":"sir-jeremy-farrar","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sir Jeremy is a clinical scientist and Director of Wellcome the world’s second-largest not-for-profit organization dedicated to science and public health. Before joining Wellcome in October 2013, Sir Jeremy spent 18 years as Director of the Clinical Research Unit in Ho Chi Minh City. His research interests relate mainly to infectious diseases and global health, with a focus on emerging infections. He has published some 600 articles, mentored dozens of students and fellows, and served as the chair of several advisory boards for governments and global organizations. He was ranked 12th in Fortune magazine’s list of the World’s 50 Greatest Leaders in 2015 and was awarded the Memorial Medal and the Ho Chi Minh City Medal from the government of Vietnam. In 2018 he was awarded the President Jimmy and Rosalynn Carter Humanitarian of the Year Award. He is a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in the UK, the National Academies in the US, the European Molecular Biology Organisation and the Royal Society. Sir Jeremy was knighted in the Queen’s 2019 New Year’s Honours for services to global health, and in 2020 was awarded The Order of the Rising Sun, Gold Rays with Neck Ribbon, by the government of Japan."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987642/gesda-22/person/sir-jeremy-farrar_photo__WellcomeImages_JeremyFarrar_DirectorsUpdate_1200x1200_ldzman.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987642/gesda-22/person/sir-jeremy-farrar_photo__WellcomeImages_JeremyFarrar_DirectorsUpdate_1200x1200_ldzman.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987642/gesda-22/person/sir-jeremy-farrar_photo__WellcomeImages_JeremyFarrar_DirectorsUpdate_1200x1200_ldzman.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b034","path":"/the-challenges-and-opportunities-of-sustainable-finance","summary":{"plain":"Investors today are looking for much more than just a risk-adjusted return on their money. Fnding good ways to achieve consensus and measure impacts on Environment and Social challenges will be crucial if markets are to help us achieve our goal of sustainable development.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"Investors today are looking for much more than just a risk-adjusted return on their money. With environmental and social concerns high on our list of priorities, we want to make an impact in these areas too. However, finding good ways to measure these impacts and achieve consensus on them will be crucial if markets are to help us achieve our goal of sustainable development.\n"},"slug":"challenges-opportunities-sustainable-finance","name":"The Challenges and Opportunities of Sustainable Finance","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Investors today are looking for much more than just a risk-adjusted return on their money. Fnding good ways to achieve consensus and measure impacts on Environment and Social challenges will be crucial if markets are to help us achieve our goal of sustainable development.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981514/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-4-1_thumbnail__IC4-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981514/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-4-1_thumbnail__IC4-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981514/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-4-1_thumbnail__IC4-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981514/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-4-1_thumbnail__IC4-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981514/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-4-1_thumbnail__IC4-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b20e","name":"Rajna Gibson Brandon","slug":"rajna-gibson-brandon","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Deputy Director (Education & External Affairs) at Geneva Finance Research Institute\nProfessor of Finance at the University of Geneva, Switzerland\n\nIn addition to being Deputy Director (Education & External Affairs) at the Geneva Finance Research Institute, Rajna Gibson is Professor of Finance at the University of Geneva. Rajna Gibson Brandon was Managing Director of the Geneva Finance Research Institute from April 2009 to September 2017, and she was Head of Research at the Swiss Finance Institute from 2007 until  2014 and Director of the National Centre of Competence in Research FINRISK from 2001 until 2009.  She holds a PhD in Economic and Social Sciences (Specialization in Finance) from the University of Geneva. She is a Board Member at Swiss Re since 2000 and she is a former Member of the Swiss Federal Banking Commission (1997-2004). Her research interests are in Experimental Finance, Asset Pricing, Alternative Investments and Corporate Governance. She currently teaches the courses “Advanced Asset Pricing” and “Hedge Funds*  in the Master in Wealth Management.\n\nWebsite: ​https://www.unige.ch/gfri/"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987550/gesda-22/person/rajna-gibson-brandon_photo__rajna_wl2juu.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987550/gesda-22/person/rajna-gibson-brandon_photo__rajna_wl2juu.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987550/gesda-22/person/rajna-gibson-brandon_photo__rajna_wl2juu.png"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b037","path":"/the-future-of-peace-and-war-the-vital-role-of-debate-and-difference","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"As the British historian Michael Howard has brilliantly explained, conflict is always a mirror of a particular society. The wars of the knights had little in common with the wars of the professional soldiers of the 18th century, or with the wars of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era. More recently, the Industrial Age made “total war” a reality, culminating in the possibility of mass annihilation of the nuclear age.\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-peace-and-war-the-vital-role-of-debate-and-difference","name":"The Future of Peace and War: The vital role of debate and difference","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"As the British historian Michael Howard has brilliantly explained, conflict is always a mirror of a particular society. The wars of the knights had little in common with the wars of the professional soldiers of the 18th century, or with the wars of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic era. More recently, the Industrial Age made “total war” a reality, culminating in the possibility of mass annihilation of the nuclear age.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981528/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-3_thumbnail__IC5-3%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981528/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-3_thumbnail__IC5-3%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981528/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-3_thumbnail__IC5-3%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981528/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-3_thumbnail__IC5-3%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981528/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-3_thumbnail__IC5-3%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b158","name":"Jean-Marie Guéhenno","slug":"jean-marie-guehenno","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jean-Marie Guéhenno has come back to Columbia as the inaugural Kent visiting professor in conflict resolution. Guéhenno first came to SIPA in 2010 to serve as the Director of the Center of International Conflict Resolution and the Associate Director of the Arnold A. Saltzman Institute for War and Peace Studies. He left in 2014, when he was appointed President and CEO of the International Crisis Group. He is now a member of the U.N. Secretary General High-Level Advisory Board on Mediation.\n \nGuéhenno previously served as United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations from 2000-2008. In that role, he led the largest expansion of peacekeeping in the history of the UN, overseeing approximately 130,000 staff on eighteen missions. Before joining the United Nations, Guéhenno served as director of policy planning in the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, ambassador to the Western European Union, and chairman of the French Institute of Higher Defense Studies.\n \nGuéhenno has published articles in many newspapers and magazines, including \"The Impact of Globalisation on Strategy\" in the International Institute for Strategic Studies' Survival, \"Globalisation and the International System\" in the Journal of Democracy, “United Nations and Civil Wars in Daedalus, as well as articles or chapters in Internationale Politik, Prospect, Paradoxes of European Foreign Policy, and Strategic Analysis. He is the author of the End of the Nation-State (1993).\n \nGuéhenno has also taught extensively, including as a professor at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques of Paris and at the Ecole Nationale d'Administration. Guéhenno is a distinguished fellow at the Brookings Institution; he chairs the scientific committee of the Institute for higher defense studies in Paris, and is a board member of the Carnegie Corporation, of the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, and of his alma mater, the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Paris.\n\nGuéhenno is a graduate of the Ecole Normale Supérieure, the Institut d'Etudes Politiques, and the Ecole Nationale d'Administration (ENA)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987222/gesda-22/person/jean-marie-guehenno_photo__Jean-Marie-Gue%25CC%2581henno_002_gjqxak.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b038","path":"/the-future-of-peace-and-war-warfare-at-the-technological-edge","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Technological innovations have always shaped conflict and war. In the 20th century, technological developments in the military realm mainly concerned conventional weapons, such as fighter jets, missiles, and tanks, as well as nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. The end of the last century brought through cutting-edge technologies such as satellite communication and digital tools. The beginning of the 21st century has accentuated the developments in these fields and continues to produce the technologies of the future, such as artificial intelligence (AI), nanotechnology, and human augmentation. Given these technologies' novel features, their military use will most likely have considerable influence on future conflict and war.\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-peace-and-war-warfare-at-the-technological-edge","name":"The Future of Peace and War: Warfare at the Technological Edge","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Technological innovations have always shaped conflict and war. In the 20th century, technological developments in the military realm mainly concerned conventional weapons, such as fighter jets, missiles, and tanks, as well as nuclear, biological and chemical weapons. The end of the last century brought through cutting-edge technologies such as satellite communication and digital tools. The beginning of the 21st century has accentuated the developments in these fields and continues to produce the technologies of the future, such as artificial intelligence (AI), nanotechnology, and human augmentation. Given these technologies' novel features, their military use will most likely have considerable influence on future conflict and war.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981534/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-4_thumbnail__IC5-4%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981534/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-4_thumbnail__IC5-4%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981534/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-4_thumbnail__IC5-4%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981534/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-4_thumbnail__IC5-4%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981534/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-5-4_thumbnail__IC5-4%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b267","name":"Thomas Greminger","slug":"thomas-greminger","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Ambassador Thomas Greminger served as Secretary General of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) from July 2017 until July 2020. On May 1, 2021, he took over as Director of the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP).\n\nAs Secretary General, he acted as an effective crisis manager supporting successive Chairmanships in an increasingly polarized environment. In the final months of his term, he dealt with the COVID-19 crisis, working to protect the health and safety of staff while ensuring that the OSCE continued to carry out its critical mandates and maintained business continuity.\n\nDespite the highly polarized political climate, Ambassador Greminger promoted dialogue among the 57 OSCE participating States as one of his key priorities. He sparked informal discussions on emerging challenges and opportunities such as the importance of technology to all dimensions of security or the link between climate change and security.\n\nHe supported the OSCE in maintaining field presences to support participating States in implementing OSCE commitments, and preventing or managing conflicts – notably the Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine. He engaged in diplomatic efforts and supported those of various mediators addressing emerging and protracted conflicts in the OSCE area.\n\nAmbassador Greminger promoted effective multilateralism by strengthening ties with the OSCE’s partners among international and regional organizations. He highlighted the OSCE’s contribution in helping participating States to implement the Sustainable Development Goals.\n\nIn his capacity as OSCE Chief Administrative Officer, Ambassador Greminger introduced a “fit for purpose” agenda focused on adapting the OSCE to changing realities and new opportunities against a background of limited and declining resources. This included a management review of the OSCE Secretariat that resulted in procedural and structural improvements, including by making the best use of technology. He also introduced an OSCE gender parity strategy and openly addressed sexual harassment and other challenges to creating a healthy and inclusive professional working environment. In view of his engagement, he was invited to join the International Gender Champions’ network.\n\nPreviously, Ambassador Greminger served as Deputy Director General of the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation at the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. As Head of South Cooperation, he oversaw cooperation with 21 partner countries and regions, entailing an annual budget of USD 730 million and 900 staff in Bern and abroad. In this function, he regularly represented Switzerland at international conferences as State Secretary.\n\nFrom 2010 to 2015, Ambassador Greminger served as the Permanent Representative of Switzerland to the OSCE, the United Nations and the International Organizations in Vienna. He was instrumental in devising the consecutive chairmanships and joint work plan of Switzerland (2014) and Serbia (2015). During the Swiss Chairmanship, he chaired the OSCE Permanent Council and played an active role in addressing the crisis in and around Ukraine that rapidly unfolded during the course of 2014. For the first time in years, the OSCE managed to achieve consensus on new OSCE operations – the most important being the Special Monitoring Mission to Ukraine.\n\nAmbassador Greminger was responsible for preparing the successful 2014 OSCE Ministerial Council in Basel, which yielded 21 consensus decisions and declarations. He chaired the OSCE Human Dimension Committee in 2011 and 2012. He introduced the structured agenda, substantive human dimension discussions as well as regular exchanges with OSCE institutions, field missions and UN mandate holders. As a member of the OSCE Troika, he chaired the OSCE Mediterranean Contact Group (2013) and the OSCE Asian Contact Group (2015).\n\nThrough his comprehensive expertise in security policy, Ambassador Greminger marked a number of important achievements in the OSCE: he contributed significantly to Ministerial Council Decision 3/11 on the conflict cycle, and the subsequent development of mediation and facilitation capacities in the OSCE Conflict Prevention Center.\n\nDuring his term as Permanent Representative, Switzerland became the coordinator for the Vienna Document and introduced a number of modernization proposals. By strongly promoting partnership with the Geneva Centre for Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF), he helped the OSCE Secretariat and field missions to build capacities in security sector governance and reform.\n\nFrom 2004 to 2010, he served as Head of the Human Security Division of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. The Division is the Department’s main competence center for peace, human rights and humanitarian and migration policy, with an annual budget of around USD 70 million and 100 staff in Bern and abroad. During his tenure, the division offered and supported facilitation and mediation services to more than half a dozen peace processes worldwide (including in the Middle East, Colombia, Nepal, Burundi, Uganda and Sudan) and launched a number of important diplomatic initiatives, including those which led to the creation of the UN Human Rights Council, the UN International Tracing Instrument for SALW, and the Geneva Declaration on Armed Violence and Development.\n\nAmbassador Greminger also served as Deputy Head of the Human Security Division from 2002 to 2004, and from 1999 to 2001 as Country Director at the Swiss Embassy in Maputo, Mozambique, where he managed Switzerland’s largest development cooperation programme with an annual budget of around USD 30 million and staff.\n\nFrom 1994 to 1998, he served in different posts in the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation, including Head of the Policy and Research Unit.\n\nAmbassador Greminger holds a PhD in history from the University of Zurich. He is Lieutenant Colonel GS (company and battalion commander of infantry unit of the Swiss Armed Forces; G6 and Deputy Chief of Staff of Infantry Brigade). He has authored numerous publications on military history, conflict management, peacekeeping, development and human rights. His mother tongue is German; he is fluent in English and French and has a good working knowledge of Portuguese. Ambassador Greminger was born in 1961 and has four daughters."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1678957446/gesda-22/person/thomas-greminger_photo__2021_05_03_T.Greminger_V59_e9om61.jpg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1678957446/gesda-22/person/thomas-greminger_photo__2021_05_03_T.Greminger_V59_e9om61.jpg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1678957446/gesda-22/person/thomas-greminger_photo__2021_05_03_T.Greminger_V59_e9om61.jpg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b26d","name":"Tobias Vestner","slug":"tobias-vestner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Tobias Vestner leads GCSP’s Research and Policy Advice Department as well as the Security and Law Programme. He oversees and manages GCSP’s analysis and advice activities as well as researches and teaches on the intersection between security policy and international law. Tobias Vestner regularly advises governments, international organizations, and private firms on global security and legal issues. He has published several books and papers (see below) and provided insights to various media outlets, including the U.S. National Public Radio, NBC News, Neue Zürcher Zeitung, and RTS Geopolitis.\n\nTobias Vestner has many years of experience in international law, international relations, and policymaking. He is an Honorary Senior Research Fellow at Exeter University, a Fellow at Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (NATO), and a Non-Resident Fellow at the United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research (UNIDIR). A former reserve member of the Swiss Special Forces Command, he serves as reserve Legal Advisor at the Swiss Armed Forces Staff. He is member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for Military Law and the Law of War (ISMLLW) and member of the International Institute of Humanitarian Law (IIHL).\n\nBefore joining the GCSP, Tobias Vestner was Research Affiliate and Global Futures Fellow at Georgetown University. Prior to that, he was Policy Advisor at the Swiss State Secretariat for Economic Affairs, where he managed political processes with regard to the export of conventional weapons, and participated in the UN negotiations of the Arms Trade Treaty. Previously, while at the Law of Armed Conflict Section at the Swiss Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sports, he contributed to bilateral negotiations on military cooperation, and trained military officers in international humanitarian law.\n\nTobias Vestner holds a Master of Science in Foreign Service from Georgetown University, a Master of Laws in International and European Law from the University of Geneva, and a Bachelor degree in Swiss law from the University of Lausanne. Tobias Vestner has Swiss and German nationality, and is fluent in English, French, and German. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987693/gesda-22/person/tobias-vestner_photo__tobias_xfc3gw.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987693/gesda-22/person/tobias-vestner_photo__tobias_xfc3gw.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987693/gesda-22/person/tobias-vestner_photo__tobias_xfc3gw.png"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1d3","name":"Nayef Al-Rodhan","slug":"nayef-al-rodhan","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Nayef Al-Rodhan is a Philosopher, Neuroscientist and Geostrategist. He is Head of GCSP's Geopolitics and Global Futures Programme and Honorary Fellow of St. Antony's College at Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom. He was voted as one of the Top 30 most influential Neuroscientists in the world.\n\nHe holds an M.D. and a Ph.D. He trained in neurosurgery/neuroscience research at the Mayo Clinic, Yale University and Harvard University.\n\nHe founded the neurotechnology programme, headed translational research and founded the laboratory for cellular neurosurgery and neurosurgical technology at MGH, Harvard. He was on the faculty of the Harvard Medical School, has published extensively on neuroscience research and won several research prizes. These prizes include: The Sir James Spence Prize; The Gibb Prize; The Farquhar-Murray Prize; The American Association of Neurological Surgeon Poster Prize (twice); The Meninger Prize; The Annual Resident Prize of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons; The Young Investigator Prize of the American Association of Neurological Surgeons; The Annual Fellowship Prize of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons.\n\nHis interests include: Geostrategy and Sustainable National and Global Security; The Role of Science, Aerospace and Strategic Technologies in Geopolitics and Human Destiny; Global Strategic Cascading Risks; Global Justice, Human Dignity and Transcultural Synergy; Philosophy of Good Governance, Philosophy of Human Nature, Philosophy of History and Collective Civilisational Triumph; the History of Ideas; the Neurochemical and Cellular Foundations and Predilections of Human Nature and Their Implications for Global Discourses and Moral and Political Cooperation."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987447/gesda-22/person/nayef-al-rodhan_photo__nayef_r9zkg3.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b156","name":"Jean-Marc Rickli","slug":"jean-marc-rickli","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Jean-Marc Rickli is the Head of Global and Emerging Risks at the Geneva Centre for Security Policy (GCSP) in Geneva, Switzerland. He is the co-chair of the NATO Partnership for Peace Consortium emerging security challenges working group and a senior advisor for the AI (Artificial Intelligence) Initiative at the Future Society. He is also a member of The IEEE Global Initiative on Ethics of Autonomous and Intelligent Systems and represents the GCSP in the United Nations in the framework of the Governmental Group of Experts on Lethal Autonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS). He is a member of the advisory board of Tech4Trust, the first Swiss startup acceleration program in the field of digital trust and cybersecurity. In 2020, he was nominated as one of the 100 most influential French-speaking Swiss by the Swiss newspaper Le Temps. Prior to these appointments, Dr Rickli was an assistant professor at the Department of Defence Studies of King’s College London. Dr Rickli received his PhD and MPhil in International Relations from Oxford University, UK, where he was also a Berrow scholar at Lincoln College. His latest book published by Georgetown University Press is entitled Surrogate Warfare: The Transformation of War in the Twenty-first Century. He has lived and worked in Europe, USA, Middle East and China."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987217/gesda-22/person/jean-marc-rickli_photo__rickli_euvgsk.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b018","path":"/current-edition/press-media","summary":{"plain":"Media representatives and other interested persons wishing to know more about the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar and its methodology, or to be brought in contact with the scientists, scholars and thinkers.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"Media representatives and other interested persons wishing to know more about the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar and its methodology, or to be brought in contact with the scientists, scholars and thinkers who contributed to its making, are kindly invited to contact the following persons.\n"},"slug":"press-media","name":"Press & Media","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Media representatives and other interested persons wishing to know more about the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar and its methodology, or to be brought in contact with the scientists, scholars and thinkers.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727760631/gesda-platform/banner/banner-press-and-media_thumbnail__Press_and_Media_Thumb_1900X1040_kbrqk5.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727760631/gesda-platform/banner/banner-press-and-media_thumbnail__Press_and_Media_Thumb_1900X1040_kbrqk5.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727760631/gesda-platform/banner/banner-press-and-media_thumbnail__Press_and_Media_Thumb_1900X1040_kbrqk5.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727760631/gesda-platform/banner/banner-press-and-media_thumbnail__Press_and_Media_Thumb_1900X1040_kbrqk5.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727760631/gesda-platform/banner/banner-press-and-media_thumbnail__Press_and_Media_Thumb_1900X1040_kbrqk5.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b019","path":"/privacy-policy","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":""},"slug":"privacy-policy","name":"Privacy Policy","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"At the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (hereafter referred to as ‘GESDA’), we respect your privacy. We want to ensure that you get the information, content, and experiences that matter most to you. GESDA is committed to protecting the privacy of its stakeholders, communities, and other contacts.\nScope\nThis privacy policy applies to all personal data processed by full-time and part-time employees, volunteers when acting on behalf of GESDA, contractors and partners doing business on behalf of GESDA, as well as all legal entities, all operating locations in all countries, and all business processes conducted by GESDA.\nInformation Collected\nWhat information do we collect?\nGESDA collects the following personal data in line with the use purposes explained in a subsequent section:\n\nYour name and contact details\nOnline profile data/usage\nContact information\nSocial media profile information\nEducation and professional information\nRegistration and participation in GESDA events and activities - Information about service usage\nCookies\nAuthentication data\nLocation information\nAuthor and peer review information\nOther information you upload or provide to us\n\nHow do we use your information?\nGESDA uses (and, where specified, shares) your personal information for the following purposes:\n\nTo provide support or other services. GESDA may use your personal information to provide you with support or other services that you have ordered or requested. GESDA may also use your personal information to respond directly to your requests for information, including registrations for webinars, or other specific requests, or pass your contact information to the appropriate GESDA supplier or reseller for further follow-up related to your interests.\nTo provide information based on your needs and respond to your requests. GESDA may use your personal information to provide you with notices of new product releases and service developments.\nTo administer products. GESDA may contact you if you make use of (digital) products we offer, to confirm certain information (for example, that you did not experience problems in a download process). We may also use this information to confirm compliance with licensing and other terms of use and may share it with your company/institution.\nTo assist in your participation in GESDA activities. GESDA will communicate with you, if you are participating in certain GESDA activities such as the GESDA Summit, authoring or reviewing a GESDA article, or GESDA humanitarian activities. GESDA may send you information such as update messages related to those activities (such as but not limited to the event's content, and event logistics)\nTo update you on relevant GESDA events and opportunities. GESDA may communicate with you regarding relevant GESDA events and opportunities.\nTo protect GESDA content and services. We may use your information to prevent potentially illegal activities and to enforce our terms and conditions.\nTo get feedback or input from you. In order to deliver products and services of most interest to our stakeholders, from time to time, we may ask you to provide us input and feedback (for example through surveys).\n\nHow can you control your information?\nYou can control the information we have about you and how we use as follows:\n\nIf you are a registered guest for the GESDA Annual Summit 2021, any request for review, revise or correction of your personal data can be sent to summit@global.gesda specifying your request.\n\nPersonal data about minors and children\nGESDA does not knowingly collect data from or about children under 16 without the permission of parent(s)/guardian(s). If we learn that we have collected personal information from a child under 16, we will delete that information as quickly as possible. If you believe that we might have any information from or about a child under age 16, please contact us.\nHow will you know if the Privacy Policy is changed?\nGESDA may update its Privacy Policy from time to time. If we make any material changes you will be notified by means of a notice on our website prior on the date the change becomes effective. We encourage you to periodically review this page for the latest information on our privacy practices.\nTechnical And Regulatory Information\nLogging practices\nGESDA automatically records the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of visitors. The IP address is a unique number assigned to every computer on the internet. Generally, an IP address changes each time you connect to the internet (it is a \"dynamic\" address). Note, however, that if you have a broadband connection, depending on your individual circumstance, the IP address that we collect may contain information that could be deemed identifiable. This is because, with some broadband connections, your IP address doesn't change (it is \"static\") and could be associated with your personal computer.\nAs well as recording the IP addresses of users, GESDA may also keep track of sites that users visited immediately prior to visiting GESDA's website and the search terms they used to find it. We keep track of the pages visited on GESDA's website, the amount of time spent on those pages and the types of searches done on them. Your searches remain confidential and anonymous. GESDA uses this information only for statistical purposes to find out which pages users find most useful and to improve the website.\nGESDA also captures and stores information that you transmit. This may include:\n\nBrowser/Device type/version\nOperating system used\nMedia Access Control (MAC) address\nDate and time of the server request\nVolume of data transferred\n\nExternal links behaviour\nSome of the links on GESDA's websites link to other sites created and maintained by other public- and/or private-sector organizations. GESDA provides these links solely for your information and convenience. When you transfer to an outside website, you are leaving the GESDA domain, and GESDA's information management policies no longer apply. GESDA encourages you to read the privacy statement of each external website that you visit before you provide any personal data.\nCookies and web beacons\nCookies and web beacons are electronic placeholders that are placed on your device by websites to track your individual movements on that website over time. GESDA uses both session-based cookies (which last only for the duration of the user's session) and persistent cookies (which remain on your device and provide information about the session you are in and waits for the next time you use that site again).\nThese cookies and web beacons provide useful information to GESDA, enabling us to recognize repeat users, facilitate the user's access to and use of our sites, allows us to track usage behavior, and to balance the usage of our websites on all GESDA web servers.\nTracking cookies, third-party cookies, and other technologies such as web beacons may be used to process additional information, enable non-core functionalities on the GESDA website and enable third-party functions (such as a social media \"share\" link). We may also include web beacons and other similar technology in promotional email messages to determine whether the messages have been opened.\nDo Not Track (DNT)\nThe online advertising industry has self-regulatory initiatives designed to provide consumers a choice in the types of ads they may see online and to conveniently opt-out from online behavioral ads served by some or all of the companies participating in these programs. Our websites do not respond to DNT consumer browser settings.\nResponses to legal requests\nGESDA reserves the right to share your information to respond to duly authorized information requests of governmental authorities or where required by law.\nYour data rights\nGESDA complies with all applicable data privacy laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Under these laws and regulations, you may have certain rights to your data. Should you wish to exercise any of these rights, please send an email request to info@gesda.global with \"Data Privacy Request'' in the subject line and in the email please identify the specific privacy right you request assistance with. Please note additional information may be requested prior to fulfilling a request and that GESDA reserves the right to charge a fee, where permitted, to cover the cost of certain requests.\nHow do I contact you if there is an issue?\nIf you have any questions or concerns about this Privacy Policy or about the use of your personal information, please feel free to contact us by email at info@gesda.global\nContact Information\nGeneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA) c/o Fondation Campus Biotech\nChemin des Mines 9\n1202 Geneva\n+41 58 201 02 61\ninfo@gesda.global\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981343/gesda-22/banner/banner-appendices-half_thumbnail__Appendices.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981343/gesda-22/banner/banner-appendices-half_thumbnail__Appendices.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981343/gesda-22/banner/banner-appendices-half_thumbnail__Appendices.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981343/gesda-22/banner/banner-appendices-half_thumbnail__Appendices.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981343/gesda-22/banner/banner-appendices-half_thumbnail__Appendices.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b023","path":"/responsible-anticipation","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"We live in times of great acceleration in science and technology. This acceleration promises breakthroughs with transformative impacts on human life and the planet. Anticipating these breakthroughs is critical to ensuring that we can harness the most benefits from them. Is there anything the scientific community can contribute to this process besides the creativity and intensity needed to achieve these breakthroughs? \n"},"slug":"responsible-anticipation","name":"Responsible Anticipation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"We live in times of great acceleration in science and technology. This acceleration promises breakthroughs with transformative impacts on human life and the planet. Anticipating these breakthroughs is critical to ensuring that we can harness the most benefits from them. Is there anything the scientific community can contribute to this process besides the creativity and intensity needed to achieve these breakthroughs? \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727518/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-2-responsible_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-2_Responsible-thumb_k4lp1j.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727518/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-2-responsible_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-2_Responsible-thumb_k4lp1j.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727518/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-2-responsible_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-2_Responsible-thumb_k4lp1j.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727518/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-2-responsible_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-2_Responsible-thumb_k4lp1j.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727518/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-5-2-responsible_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC5-2_Responsible-thumb_k4lp1j.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b091","name":"Andrea Boggio","slug":"andrea-boggio","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Andrea Boggio is Professor of Legal Studies at Bryant University. He also teaches about the arts and human rights in the Master in Performing Arts Management at the Accademia Teatro alla Scala/Polytechnic University of Milan. \n\nHe completed his post-doc at the University of Geneva and has held academic positions at Keele University and the University of Turin. In recent years, he was a consultant for WHO, UNCESCR, the Special Rapporteur on Toxics and Human Rights, and the Special Rapporteur on the freedom of opinion and expression. \n\nHis latest edited book is Human Germline Genome Modification and the Right to Science. Human Germline Genome Modification and the Right to Science. A Comparative Study of National Laws and Policies (Cambridge University Press 2020). He is currently working on a two-volume book on the human right to science. Professor Boggio holds a degree from the Catholic University of Milan and Stanford Law School.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1678778683/gesda-22/person/andrea-boggio_photo__Picture2_ywxpra.png.png"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","slug":"knowledge-foundations","path":"/trends/knowledge-foundations","outlineNumber":"5","color":{"value":"#292929"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b026","path":"/robotics-and-the-challenge-of-embodied-intelligence","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The idea that we will soon have robots capable of performing many of the same tasks as humans has become commonplace, thanks to their depiction in films, television and books. However, the design of robots that can sense and process information about their environment, then use this information to make decisions about their own behaviour, remains a major and multi-faceted research and engineering challenge.\n"},"slug":"robotics-and-the-challenge-of-embodied-intelligence","name":"Robotics and the Challenge of Embodied Intelligence","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The idea that we will soon have robots capable of performing many of the same tasks as humans has become commonplace, thanks to their depiction in films, television and books. However, the design of robots that can sense and process information about their environment, then use this information to make decisions about their own behaviour, remains a major and multi-faceted research and engineering challenge.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727257/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-3-robotics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-3_Robotics-thumb_lhjh0u.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727257/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-3-robotics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-3_Robotics-thumb_lhjh0u.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727257/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-3-robotics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-3_Robotics-thumb_lhjh0u.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727257/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-3-robotics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-3_Robotics-thumb_lhjh0u.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727257/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-3-robotics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-3_Robotics-thumb_lhjh0u.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0cc","name":"Chiara Bartolozzi","slug":"chiara-bartolozzi-1","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Chiara Bartolozzi is Researcher at the Italian Institute of Technology. She earned a degree in Engineering at University of Genova (Italy) and a Ph.D. in Neuroinformatics at ETH Zurich, developing analog subthreshold circuits for emulating biophysical neuronal properties onto silicon and modelling selective attention on hierarchical multi-chip systems.\n\nShe is currently leading the Event-Driven Perception for Robotics group, with the aim of applying the \"neuromorphic\" engineering approach to the design of robotic platforms as enabling technology towards the design of autonomous machines.\n\nThis goal is pursued by inducing a paradigm shift in robotics, based on the emerging concept of Event-Driven (ED) sensing and processing. Similarly to their biological counterpart, and differently from traditional robotic sensors, ED sensory systems sample their input signal at fixed (and relative) amplitude changes, intrinsically adapting to the dynamics of the sensory signal: temporal resolution is extremely high for fast transitory signals and decreases for slower inputs.\n\nThis approach naturally leads to better robots that acquire, transmit and process information only when needed, optimising the use of resources, leading to real-time, low-cost, operation.\n\nChiara has participated to a number of EU funded projects, she is currently coordinating the European Training Network \"NeuTouch\", where 15 PhD students are studying how touch perception works in humans and animals, in order to develop artificial touch perception systems for robots and hand prosthesis. As leader of the educational activities of the coordination and support action NEUROTECH, she is co-organising the Neuromorphic Colloquium, a series of online events to build up educational material for the next generation of neuromorphic researchers.\n\nShe is an IEEE member, actively supporting the CAS and RAS societies. In 2020, she has co-chaired \"AICAS2020\", on Circuits and systems for efficient embedded AI."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1694949819/gesda-23/person/chiara-bartolozzi-1_photo__Chiara_Bartolozzi_scg95j.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1694949819/gesda-23/person/chiara-bartolozzi-1_photo__Chiara_Bartolozzi_scg95j.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1694949819/gesda-23/person/chiara-bartolozzi-1_photo__Chiara_Bartolozzi_scg95j.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b035","path":"/science-anticipation/the-ethics-of-anticipation","summary":{"plain":"Anticipation is a vital part of any decision one has to make, but anticipation is not neutral. It involves making choices about how to view potential futures, and thus it requires its own ethical consideration. \n"},"intro":{"plain":"Anticipation is a vital part of any decision one has to make. When we innovate, we create opportunities and risks. If our innovations are to bring long-term economic, social and ecological progress, it is important to anticipate the widest possible variety of outcomes and steer innovation in the direction that brings the most added value and the least harm.\n"},"slug":"the-ethics-of-anticipation","name":"The Ethics of Anticipation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Anticipation is a vital part of any decision one has to make, but anticipation is not neutral. It involves making choices about how to view potential futures, and thus it requires its own ethical consideration. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981800/gesda-22/banner/banner-tr-14_thumbnail__IC%20The%20Ethics%20of%20Anticipation%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981800/gesda-22/banner/banner-tr-14_thumbnail__IC%20The%20Ethics%20of%20Anticipation%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981800/gesda-22/banner/banner-tr-14_thumbnail__IC%20The%20Ethics%20of%20Anticipation%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981800/gesda-22/banner/banner-tr-14_thumbnail__IC%20The%20Ethics%20of%20Anticipation%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981800/gesda-22/banner/banner-tr-14_thumbnail__IC%20The%20Ethics%20of%20Anticipation%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation"},"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b167","name":"Johan Rochel","slug":"johan-rochel","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Trained in law, political philosophy and ethics, Dr Rochel works on justice questions in the law, especially in international and European law, and on the ethics and law of digital technologies."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987252/gesda-22/person/johan-rochel_photo__Jochan_Rochel-optimised_rjzcls.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987252/gesda-22/person/johan-rochel_photo__Jochan_Rochel-optimised_rjzcls.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987252/gesda-22/person/johan-rochel_photo__Jochan_Rochel-optimised_rjzcls.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b036","path":"/the-future-of-history-in-the-digital-age","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"We have entered the “age of abundance”: a huge number of historical sources – books, documents, pamphlets and media of all sorts – have by now been digitised, and the amount of digital-born material is growing at an even faster pace. This boom is paired with new forms of access: in principle, digital sources that are made available online can be studied from anywhere in the world, and powerful digital tools allow us to study the big data of the past in a new fashion. \n"},"slug":"the-future-of-history-in-the-digital-age","name":"The Future of History in the Digital Age","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"We have entered the “age of abundance”: a huge number of historical sources – books, documents, pamphlets and media of all sorts – have by now been digitised, and the amount of digital-born material is growing at an even faster pace. This boom is paired with new forms of access: in principle, digital sources that are made available online can be studied from anywhere in the world, and powerful digital tools allow us to study the big data of the past in a new fashion. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727286/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-4-future-history_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-4_Future-history-thumb_qkjlgk.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727286/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-4-future-history_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-4_Future-history-thumb_qkjlgk.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727286/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-4-future-history_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-4_Future-history-thumb_qkjlgk.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727286/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-4-future-history_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-4_Future-history-thumb_qkjlgk.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727286/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-1-4-future-history_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC1-4_Future-history-thumb_qkjlgk.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b092","name":"Andreas Fickers","slug":"andreas-fickers","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Since 2016, Andreas Fickers is the director of the Luxembourg Centre for Contemporary and Digital History (C²DH), 3rd interdisciplinary center at the University of Luxembourg and head of its Digital History Lab. He studied history, philosophy and sociology and is currently Professor for Contemporary and Digital History at the University of Luxembourg. He took his PhD in 2002 at RWTH Aachen University and worked as Assistant Professor for television history at Utrecht University (2003-2007) and Associate Professor for comparative media history at Maastricht University (2007-2013).\n\nHe's head of the FNR funded Doctoral Training Unit “Deep Data Science of Digital History” (D4H) and coordinates the Trinational doctoral school together with Prof. Dr Dietmar Hüser (Universität des Saarlandes) and Prof. Dr Hélène Miard-Delacroix (Université Paris-Sorbonne). He's also prinicipal investigator of the projects DEMA , Popkult60,  LuxTime and BUREU . Furthermore, he is the editor of the Journal of Digital History and co-editor of the book series ‘Studies in Digital History and Hermeneutics’ published by De Gruyter Oldenbourg."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1694950792/gesda-23/person/andreas-fickers_photo__Andreas_Fickers_29_ngplvx.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1694950792/gesda-23/person/andreas-fickers_photo__Andreas_Fickers_29_ngplvx.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1694950792/gesda-23/person/andreas-fickers_photo__Andreas_Fickers_29_ngplvx.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b039","path":"/the-future-of-psychedelic-medicine","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"This year marks the eightieth anniversary of the first time a human ingested LSD. Albert Hoffman’s first trip, in April 1943, began a period of experimentation and discovery in both academic and counter-cultural circles. The word “psychedelic” was coined by the psychiatrist Humphry Osmond about a decade later, and research into these chemicals’ potential therapeutic use continued for the next several decades — as did their recreational use. But this first psychedelic “revolution” came to a halt in the early 1970s, when a censorious attitude to recreational drugs led to many becoming controlled substances, with the result that serious scientific research into their applications became extremely difficult to conduct.\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-psychedelic-medicine","name":"The Future of Psychedelic Medicine","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","color":{"value":"#078694"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"This year marks the eightieth anniversary of the first time a human ingested LSD. Albert Hoffman’s first trip, in April 1943, began a period of experimentation and discovery in both academic and counter-cultural circles. The word “psychedelic” was coined by the psychiatrist Humphry Osmond about a decade later, and research into these chemicals’ potential therapeutic use continued for the next several decades — as did their recreational use. But this first psychedelic “revolution” came to a halt in the early 1970s, when a censorious attitude to recreational drugs led to many becoming controlled substances, with the result that serious scientific research into their applications became extremely difficult to conduct.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727317/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-2-2-psychedelics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC2-2_Psychedelics-thumb_rahg8p.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727317/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-2-2-psychedelics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC2-2_Psychedelics-thumb_rahg8p.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727317/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-2-2-psychedelics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC2-2_Psychedelics-thumb_rahg8p.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727317/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-2-2-psychedelics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC2-2_Psychedelics-thumb_rahg8p.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727317/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-2-2-psychedelics_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC2-2_Psychedelics-thumb_rahg8p.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0f3","name":"Eduardo Schenberg","slug":"eduardo-schenberg","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Eduardo is a Brazilian neuroscientist, with a degree in biomedicine, a masters in psychopharmacology and a doctorate in neurosciences. He led studies on the effects of Ayahuasca using EEG and participated in the first neuroimaging study of the brain on LSD as honorary researcher at Imperial College London. In 2018 he published an article in Frontiers in Pharmacology about the Psychedelic Paradigm, which currently has over 90,000 views, sitting at the top 1% most downloaded and 6% most cited articles of the entire Frontiers journal series. Between 2015 and 2019, Eduardo carried out Brazil’s first clinical trial of MDMA to address PTSD, whose encouraging results were published by the Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. In 2011 he founded Phaneros Institute, which in February of 2022 launched the first facilitators' training in MDMA and psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy in Latin America. Eduardo is Scientific Advisor to both Ocama Partners and the Global Initiative for Psychedelic Science Economics (GIPSE)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1694952180/gesda-23/person/eduardo-schenberg_photo__EduardoSchenberg_jwsauy.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1694952180/gesda-23/person/eduardo-schenberg_photo__EduardoSchenberg_jwsauy.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1694952180/gesda-23/person/eduardo-schenberg_photo__EduardoSchenberg_jwsauy.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0e3","name":"David Nutt","slug":"david-nutt","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"David Nutt is currently the Edmond J. Safra Professor of Neuropsychopharmacology and director of the Neuropsychopharmacology Unit in the Division of Brain Sciences.  \n\nAfter 11+ entry to Bristol Grammar School David was awarded an Open Scholarship to Downing College Cambridge and then completed his medical training at Guy's Hospital London, continuing in neurology to MRCP.  After completing his psychiatric training in Oxford, he continued there as a lecturer and then later as a Wellcome Senior Fellow in psychiatry. He then spent two years as Chief of the Section of Clinical Science in the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism in NIH, Bethesda, USA. On returning to England in 1988 he set up the Psychopharmacology Unit in Bristol University, an interdisciplinary research grouping spanning the departments of Psychiatry and Pharmacology before moving to Imperial College London in December 2008 where he leads a similar group with a particular focus on brain imaging especially PET. \n\nDavid is currently Chair of DrugScience (formally the Independent Scientific Committee on Drugs (ISCD). Previously he has been  President of the European Brain Council (EBC) the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology (ECNP), the British Neuroscience Association (BNA) and the British Association of Psychopharmacology (BAP). In addition he is a Fellow of the Royal Colleges of Physicians and of Psychiatrists, the British Pharmacological Society and a Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences. He is also the UK Director of the European Certificate and Masters in Affective Disorders Courses and a member of the International Centre for Science in Drug Policy. He has edited the Journal of Psychopharmacology for over two decades and acts as the psychiatry drugs advisor to the British National Formulary. He has published over 500 original research papers, a similar number of reviews and books chapters, eight government reports on drugs and 40 books.\n\nPreviously he has been a member and then Chair of the Advisory Committee on the Misuse of Drugs (ACMD - 1998-2009), a member of the HEFCE/NHS Senior Lecturer Selection Panel and of the MRC Neuroscience Board.  Other previous national contributions include serving as the medical expert on the Independent Inquiry into the Misuse of Drugs Act (2000 Runciman report), and membership of the Committee on Safety of Medicines, the Committee on NHS drugs and the Ministry of Defence Science Advisory Board.  He was the clinical scientific lead on the 2004/5 UK Government Foresight initiative \"Brain science, addiction and drugs\" that provided a 25-year vision for this area of science and public policy.\n\nDavid  broadcasts widely to the general public both on radio and television including BBC science and public affairs programmes on therapeutic as well as illicit drugs, their harms and their classification. He also lecturers widely to the public as well as to the scientific and medical communities; for instance has presented three time at the Cheltenham Science Festival and several times for Café Scientifiques.  In 2010 The Times Eureka science magazine included him in the 100 most important figures in British Science, and the only psychiatrist. In 2024 Scholar GPs ranked him the world's leading psychopharmacologist."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1694951999/gesda-23/person/david-nutt_photo__DavidNutt_jj8da8.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1694951999/gesda-23/person/david-nutt_photo__DavidNutt_jj8da8.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1694951999/gesda-23/person/david-nutt_photo__DavidNutt_jj8da8.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","slug":"human-augmentation","path":"/trends/human-augmentation","outlineNumber":"2","color":{"value":"#078694"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b03b","path":"/the-philosophical-lens-the-future-of-people-society-and-the-planet-s","summary":{"plain":"GESDA anticipates scientific and technological advancements to develop inclusive and global solutions for a sustainable future.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"GESDA anticipates scientific and technological advancements to develop inclusive and global solutions for a sustainable future. Three fundamental and overarching questions drive its work:\n\nWho are we, as humans? What does it mean to be human in the era of robots, gene editing, and augmented reality?\n\nHow can we all live together? What technology can be deployed to help reduce inequality, improve well-being, and foster inclusive development?\n\nHow can we ensure the well-being of humankind and the sustainable future of our planet? How can we supply the world population with the necessary food and energy while regenerating our planet?\n\n\n"},"slug":"the-philosophical-lens-the-future-of-people-society-and-the-planet-s","name":"The Philosophical Lens: The Future of People, Society and the Planet(s)","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"GESDA anticipates scientific and technological advancements to develop inclusive and global solutions for a sustainable future.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727140/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-5-1-philosophical_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD5-1_Philosopical-thumb_bqszyz.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727140/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-5-1-philosophical_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD5-1_Philosopical-thumb_bqszyz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727140/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-5-1-philosophical_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD5-1_Philosopical-thumb_bqszyz.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727140/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-5-1-philosophical_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD5-1_Philosopical-thumb_bqszyz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727140/gesda-23/banner/banner-dd-5-1-philosophical_thumbnail__Banner_-_DD5-1_Philosopical-thumb_bqszyz.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b136","name":"Herman Cappelen","slug":"herman-cappelen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Herman Cappelen is a Chair Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong. He is the Director of the AI & Humanity Lab at HKU, the Director of IDEAS (part of the Institute of Data Science at HKU), the Director of the MA programme in AI, Ethics, and Society, and the Coordinator of a new part of the Common Core devoted to artificial intelligence. Professor Cappelen is the author or co-author of eleven influential monographs and more than 50 highly cited papers. His research spans many areas of philosophy, with much of his recent work focusing on issues in the philosophy of AI. He has written about the linguistic and cognitive capacities of AI, existential risks from AI, and the possibility of explainable and interpretable AI. His first book on AI is titled *Making AI Intelligible: Philosophical Perspectives* (Oxford University Press, 2024)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b18f","name":"Lily Eva Frank","slug":"lily-eva-frank","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695017025/gesda-23/person/lily-eva-frank_photo__LilyEFrank_zhd7xc.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695017025/gesda-23/person/lily-eva-frank_photo__LilyEFrank_zhd7xc.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695017025/gesda-23/person/lily-eva-frank_photo__LilyEFrank_zhd7xc.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0fb","name":"Emma Ruttkamp-bloem","slug":"emma-ruttkamp-bloem","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","slug":"knowledge-foundations","path":"/trends/knowledge-foundations","outlineNumber":"5","color":{"value":"#292929"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b03d","path":"/the-technology-opportunity-for-digital-humanities-and-art","summary":{"plain":"The field of Digital Humanities has its roots in an ambitious goal: to bring computational approaches to the study of heritage and history and to create permanent, high-fidelity records of significant artefacts. \n"},"intro":{"plain":"The field of Digital Humanities has its roots in an ambitious goal: to bring computational approaches to the study of heritage and history and to create permanent, high-fidelity records of significant artefacts. Digital imaging and computer vision technologies, for example, have diverse applications — from analysing historical texts through to preserving at-risk archaeological relics and sites whose continued existence can be precarious in an era defined by conflict and natural disasters.\n"},"slug":"the-technology-opportunity-for-digital-humanities-and-art","name":"The Technology Opportunity for Digital Humanities and Art","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The field of Digital Humanities has its roots in an ambitious goal: to bring computational approaches to the study of heritage and history and to create permanent, high-fidelity records of significant artefacts. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981466/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-1_thumbnail__IC1-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981466/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-1_thumbnail__IC1-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981466/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-1_thumbnail__IC1-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981466/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-1_thumbnail__IC1-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981466/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-1-1_thumbnail__IC1-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b236","name":"Sarah Kenderdine","slug":"sarah-kenderdine","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Sarah Kenderdine researches at the forefront of interactive and immersive experiences for galleries, libraries, archives and museums. In widely exhibited installation works, she has amalgamated cultural heritage with new media art practice, especially in the realms of interactive cinema, augmented reality and embodied narrative. She is considered a pioneer in the field digital heritage, digital museology, digital humanities and data visualisation and is a regular keynote speaker at related forums internationally. In addition to her exhibition work she conceives and designs large-scale immersive visualisation systems for public audiences, industry and researchers. Since 1991 Sarah had authored numerous scholarly articles and six books. She has produced 80 exhibitions and installations for museums worldwide including a museum complex in India and received a number of major international awards for this work. In 2017, Sarah was appointed Professor of Digital Museology at the École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Switzerland where she has built a new laboratory for experimental museology (eM+), exploring the convergence of aesthetic practice, visual analytics and cultural data. She is also Director and lead curator of EPFL’s new art/science initiative, inaugurated in 2016 as ArtLab."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987612/gesda-22/person/sarah-kenderdine_photo__sarah_kenderdine_dzhtd4.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987612/gesda-22/person/sarah-kenderdine_photo__sarah_kenderdine_dzhtd4.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987612/gesda-22/person/sarah-kenderdine_photo__sarah_kenderdine_dzhtd4.png"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b040","path":"/understanding-the-reality-of-multilateral-relations-with-computational-diplomacy","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"International relations studies the interactions between states from a multidisciplinary perspective. It has led to the development of specific disciplinary fields such as international law, international political economy, international relations and transnational history. All these fields share the premise that the basic unit of international relations is the State, which aggregates and represents national interests at global level. As a rational evolution of interstate relations, multilateralism has been developed to reduce transaction costs when a common international regime is needed to bind a large number of states. \n"},"slug":"understanding-the-reality-of-multilateral-relations-with-computational-diplomacy-1","name":"Understanding the Reality of Multilateral Relations with Computational Diplomacy","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"International relations studies the interactions between states from a multidisciplinary perspective. It has led to the development of specific disciplinary fields such as international law, international political economy, international relations and transnational history. All these fields share the premise that the basic unit of international relations is the State, which aggregates and represents national interests at global level. As a rational evolution of interstate relations, multilateralism has been developed to reduce transaction costs when a common international regime is needed to bind a large number of states. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1696727457/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-2-multilateral_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-2_Multilateral-thumb_sbeaxk.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1696727457/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-2-multilateral_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-2_Multilateral-thumb_sbeaxk.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1696727457/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-2-multilateral_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-2_Multilateral-thumb_sbeaxk.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1696727457/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-2-multilateral_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-2_Multilateral-thumb_sbeaxk.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1696727457/gesda-23/banner/banner-ic-4-2-multilateral_thumbnail__Banner_-_IC4-2_Multilateral-thumb_sbeaxk.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1da","name":"Nicolas Levrat","slug":"nicolas-levrat","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Pr. Nicolas Levrat is the fourth Special Rapporteur on minority issues. He was appointed by the Human Rights Council on 13 October 2023 and took up his functions as Special Rapporteur on 1 November 2023.\n\nLevrat is a French speaking Swiss, born in 1964. As such, he is a member of a linguistic minority in Switzerland and has been dedicating his academic research and teaching focus on Peoples and minorities rights, Federalism, and on relationships between legal systems.\n\nHolding a PhD in International Law, Prof. Levrat has been a full Professor of International and European Law at the University of Geneva since 2001. At the University of Geneva, he was appointed Director of the European studies in 2007, which he reshaped into the Global Studies Institute in 2013; he was the Director of the International Law Department from 2016 to 2019; and he also launched the Human Rights Week, which has been in place since 2012.\n\nHe started his professional career as a European civil servant at the Council of Europe (1991-1994), and then joined the Université libre de Bruxelles, first as a Researcher on minorities issues in Belgium and then as a Junior Professor. In 2022, he was elected 2nd Vice-President of the Advisory Committee on the Framework Convention for the protection of national minorities of the Council of Europe, position which he resigned when taking up his role as Special Rapporteur.\n\nNicolas Levrat is the author of seven books, editor of another 20, and has published more than 150 scientific articles or book chapters and he has been advising numerous local, regional and national governments, as well as international organisations and NGOs for the past 30 years."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695017315/gesda-23/person/nicolas-levrat_photo__NicolasLevrat_phvrwv.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695017315/gesda-23/person/nicolas-levrat_photo__NicolasLevrat_phvrwv.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695017315/gesda-23/person/nicolas-levrat_photo__NicolasLevrat_phvrwv.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","slug":"science-and-diplomacy","path":"/trends/science-diplomacy","outlineNumber":"4","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b046","path":"/xenobots-and-computer-designed-organisms","summary":{"plain":"The intricate internal dynamics of cells, and how they form complex multicellular life that exhibits a robust, problem-solving, adaptive plasticity remains a mystery. Cracking that “morphogenetic code” could revolutionise medicine and let us design sophisticated living machines.\n"},"intro":{"plain":"Despite breakthroughs in our understanding of the intricate internal dynamics of cells, the question of how they form complex multicellular life that exhibits a robust, problem-solving, adaptive plasticity remains a mystery. Cracking that “morphogenetic code” could revolutionise medicine and let us design sophisticated living machines unlike anything found in nature.\n"},"slug":"xenobots-computer-designed-organisms","name":"Xenobots and computer-designed organisms","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2023","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The intricate internal dynamics of cells, and how they form complex multicellular life that exhibits a robust, problem-solving, adaptive plasticity remains a mystery. Cracking that “morphogenetic code” could revolutionise medicine and let us design sophisticated living machines.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668981501/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-2-1_thumbnail__IC2-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1668981501/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-2-1_thumbnail__IC2-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1668981501/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-2-1_thumbnail__IC2-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668981501/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-2-1_thumbnail__IC2-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668981501/gesda-22/banner/banner-ic-2-1_thumbnail__IC2-1%20-%20Thumb.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1bf","name":"Michael Levin","slug":"michael-levin","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Michael Levin, a Distinguished Professor in the Biology department at Tufts, holds the Vannevar Bush endowed Chair and serves as director of the Allen Discovery Center at Tufts and the Tufts Center for Regenerative and Developmental Biology. Recent honors include the Scientist of Vision award and the Distinguished Scholar Award. His group’s focus is on understanding the biophysical mechanisms that implement decision-making during complex pattern regulation, and harnessing endogenous bioelectric dynamics toward rational control of growth and form. The lab’s current main directions are:\n\n• Understanding how somatic cells form bioelectrical networks for storing and recalling pattern memories that guide morphogenesis;\n• Creating next-generation AI tools for helping scientists understand top-down control of pattern regulation (a new bioinformatics of shape); and\n• Using these insights to enable new capabilities in regenerative medicine and engineering.\n\nPrior to college, Michael Levin worked as a software engineer and independent contractor in the field of scientific computing. He attended Tufts University, interested in artificial intelligence and unconventional computation. To explore the algorithms by which the biological world implemented complex adaptive behavior, he got dual B.S. degrees, in CS and in Biology and then received a PhD from Harvard University. He did post-doctoral training at Harvard Medical School (1996-2000), where he began to uncover a new bioelectric language by which cells coordinate their activity during embryogenesis. His independent laboratory (2000-2007 at Forsyth Institute, Harvard; 2008-present at Tufts University) develops new molecular-genetic and conceptual tools to probe large-scale information processing in regeneration, embryogenesis, and cancer suppression.\n\nAt the Wyss Institute, he collaborates with Donald Ingber and James Collins on a program focused on development of a highly multiplexed, microfluidic, Xenopus embryo culture system that will enable discovery of new drug targets and development of therapeutics when combined with multi-omics and an integrated bioinformatics pipeline. The team’s initial focus is on development of therapeutics that enhance host tolerance to infections, as part of a DARPA-funded THoR research program."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987409/gesda-22/person/michael-levin_photo__120716_8672_levin092-e1490124168395_fnrg7e.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987409/gesda-22/person/michael-levin_photo__120716_8672_levin092-e1490124168395_fnrg7e.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987409/gesda-22/person/michael-levin_photo__120716_8672_levin092-e1490124168395_fnrg7e.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0f0","name":"Douglas Blackiston","slug":"douglas-blackiston","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"  My research program has the overarching goal of understanding tissue plasticity – the response of cell populations to alterations in patterning, local environment, and signaling from neighboring tissues.  From a top down perspective, I use a multi-scale approach to understand the genetic and physiological controls systems that govern patterning, morphogenesis, and remodeling.  From the bottom up, I then use these control knobs in basic and biomedical science contexts, to direct specific anatomical and behavioral outcomes.\n\n    A recent focus of this work has been the creation of engineered living systems - designed by a computer and then built from amphibian stem cells.  These \"biomachines\" have opened a whole new field of research, allowing us to move between simulated (in silico) and biological (in vivo) worlds and answer a number of fundamental questions about biological control systems, cellular communication, tissue plasticity, and self-assembly.\n\n  I received my Ph.D. from Georgetown University where I worked under Dr. Martha Weiss and Dr. Elena Silva on brain remodeling in lepidopteran species.  There I performed several innovative studies asking the question, can a larva (caterpillar) learn something a moth or butterfly can later remember?  The results of those studies were the first to demonstrate trans-metamorphic memory in lepidoptera and piqued my interest in how an organism responds to organization/patterning changes across developmental time-space.  This interest has remained central in my career and continues to drive all the projects in the lab"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987069/gesda-22/person/douglas-blackiston_photo__blackiston-douglascrop2_7_lvloxq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987069/gesda-22/person/douglas-blackiston_photo__blackiston-douglascrop2_7_lvloxq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987069/gesda-22/person/douglas-blackiston_photo__blackiston-douglascrop2_7_lvloxq.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b175","name":"Josh Bongard","slug":"josh-bongard","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Josh Bongard's research centers on evolutionary robotics, evolutionary computation and physical simulation. He runs the Morphology, Evolution & Cognition Laboratory, whose work focuses on the role that morphology and evolution play in cognition.\n\nIn 2007, he was awarded a prestigious Microsoft Research New Faculty Fellowship and was named one of MIT Technology Review's top 35 young innovators under 35. In 2010 he was awarded a Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) by Barack Obama at a White House ceremony.\n\nTo find out more about Dr. Bongard's work, peruse his website, see this interview with Josh, or read his book, How the Body Shapes the Way We Think: A New View of Intelligence. Most recently, Josh was featured in an episode, \"Good Robot,\" of Vermont Public Television's Emerging Science program."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987276/gesda-22/person/josh-bongard_photo__DTS_8911_bdbc9h.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987276/gesda-22/person/josh-bongard_photo__DTS_8911_bdbc9h.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987276/gesda-22/person/josh-bongard_photo__DTS_8911_bdbc9h.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b22b","name":"Sam Kriegman","slug":"sam-kriegman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sam Kriegman is an assistant professor of computer science, chemical and biological engineering, and mechanical engineering at Northwestern University. His research seeks general theories of life, in which the details of carbon-based organisms would represent a special case. As we have yet to invent a time machine or the means of interstellar travel, Sam and his students design, build and breed robotic lifeforms to catch a glimpse of life as it may have arisen here on Earth or as it might exist elsewhere in the universe. An AI2050 Fellow and Cozzarelli Prize recipient, his creation of the world's first AI-designed organisms (the \"xenobots\") triggered considerable global media attention and a tidal wave of public discourse, still ongoing, among scientists in several fields, science communicators, and the public"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987593/gesda-22/person/sam-kriegman_photo__northwestern-cs-welcomes-new-tenure-track-faculty-members-kriegman_uftmyi.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987593/gesda-22/person/sam-kriegman_photo__northwestern-cs-welcomes-new-tenure-track-faculty-members-kriegman_uftmyi.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987593/gesda-22/person/sam-kriegman_photo__northwestern-cs-welcomes-new-tenure-track-faculty-members-kriegman_uftmyi.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":""},"slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727755422/gesda-platform/banner/science-anticipation_thumbnail__Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_rmnxdn.jpg","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727755422/gesda-platform/banner/science-anticipation_thumbnail__Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_rmnxdn.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727755422/gesda-platform/banner/science-anticipation_thumbnail__Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_rmnxdn.jpg"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727755422/gesda-platform/banner/science-anticipation_thumbnail__Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_rmnxdn.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727755422/gesda-platform/banner/science-anticipation_thumbnail__Science_Anticipation_Thumb_1900X1040_rmnxdn.jpg"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66ab01014204be79facfb198","path":"/shaping-ecosystems-anticipating-an-age-of-eco-augmentation","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Report from the GESDA 2024 Anticipation Workshop on Eco-augmentation\nVillars, Switzerland, 25 –27 March 2024\n"},"slug":"2024-villars-anticipation-workshop-report-shaping-ecosystems-anticipating-an-age-of-eco-augmentation","name":"2024 Villars Anticipation Workshop Report: Shaping Ecosystems: Anticipating an Age of Eco-augmentation","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Report from the GESDA 2024 Anticipation Workshop on Eco-augmentation\nVillars, Switzerland, 25 –27 March 2024\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726552309/gesda-platform/banner/lens-villars_thumbnail__Lens_Villars_2024_u2l43e.png","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726552309/gesda-platform/banner/lens-villars_thumbnail__Lens_Villars_2024_u2l43e.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726552309/gesda-platform/banner/lens-villars_thumbnail__Lens_Villars_2024_u2l43e.png"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726552309/gesda-platform/banner/lens-villars_thumbnail__Lens_Villars_2024_u2l43e.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726552309/gesda-platform/banner/lens-villars_thumbnail__Lens_Villars_2024_u2l43e.png"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0ba","name":"Bridget Baumgartner","slug":"bridget-baumgartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Bridget L. Baumgartner is a molecular biologist, biotechnology strategist, and entrepreneur working at the intersection of emerging technologies, ecological resilience, and climate adaptation. Her career spans academic research, government innovation programs, conservation biotechnology, and climate-focused startups, with a consistent focus on how advanced technologies can responsibly address large-scale environmental challenges.\nShe is the founder of Designer Ecosystems, LLC, a company developing projects and products at the intersection of biotechnology and climate mitigation.   She is also the co-founder and CEO of ReefStarter, Inc., a climate resilience startup developing modular reef-inspired coastal protection systems designed to reduce wave energy and coastal erosion while supporting marine habitat restoration. ReefStarter combines marine engineering, ecological design, and advanced manufacturing to create infrastructure that functions as both coastal defense and ecological enhancement.\nBefore founding these ventures, Dr. Baumgartner served as Director of Research & Development and Program Manager for the Catalyst Science Fund at Revive & Restore, where she managed a global portfolio of more than seventy projects exploring how emerging biotechnologies could support wildlife conservation and ecosystem resilience.   Under her leadership, the fund awarded approximately $15 million to projects involving genome engineering, synthetic biology, reproductive technologies, genetic rescue, and biodiversity genomics.   Her work also included governance and policy discussions surrounding the responsible development of technologies such as gene drives and other genetic interventions.\n\nEarlier in her career, Dr. Baumgartner supported the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Biological Technologies Office through her role as a Lead Associate and Senior Life Scientist at Booz Allen Hamilton.   There, she contributed to the development and management of high-risk research programs in synthetic biology, genetics, molecular engineering, and quantitative biology, helping evaluate emerging technologies and coordinate multidisciplinary research teams.\n\nDr. Baumgartner earned her PhD in Cell & Molecular Biology from Baylor College of Medicine and completed postdoctoral research at the University of California San Diego in the laboratory of synthetic biologist Jeff Hasty.   Her scientific work has included research in molecular genetics, systems biology, and cellular adaptation, with publications in journals including Nature and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.  \nAcross her work in science, technology development, and entrepreneurship, Dr. Baumgartner has focused on building interdisciplinary approaches that combine biology, engineering, governance, and long-term systems thinking to address the intertwined challenges of biodiversity loss, climate change, and ecological resilience\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668986999/gesda-22/person/bridget-baumgartner_photo__IMG_7034-e1575489859388-300x300_iklbne.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668986999/gesda-22/person/bridget-baumgartner_photo__IMG_7034-e1575489859388-300x300_iklbne.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668986999/gesda-22/person/bridget-baumgartner_photo__IMG_7034-e1575489859388-300x300_iklbne.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e050a44c181dbca04dda17","name":"Jackie Goordial","slug":"jackie-goordial","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Jackie Goordial is an environmental microbiologist, investigating how communities of microorganisms interact to maintain diversity and mediate biogeochemical cycling in the environment. In particular, she focuses on environments at the extreme and those that are undergoing rapid change – such as permafrost soils.\n\nTo carry out her research, she employs a combination of genomic sequencing with culturing, microbial metabolic activity and viability measurements both in situ and in the laboratory. While less than 1% of known microorganisms can be cultivated in the lab and are known to us solely through molecular analyses, this approach results in a more holistic understanding of environmental microbiology than genomic analyses alone."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709199434/gesda-23/person/jackie-goordial_photo__JacquelineGoordial-WebRes_bw-190x190_egslov.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709199434/gesda-23/person/jackie-goordial_photo__JacquelineGoordial-WebRes_bw-190x190_egslov.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709199434/gesda-23/person/jackie-goordial_photo__JacquelineGoordial-WebRes_bw-190x190_egslov.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e051194c181dbca04dda26","name":"Peter Søgaard Jørgensen","slug":"peter-sogaard-jorgensen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Peter is an ecologist and evolutionary scientist by training working in the field of sustainability science. He is interested in how human societies coevolve with the rest of the living planet through cultural evolution and is currently working on an Anthropocene synthesis of evolution and sustainability. He leads an ERC project on the cascading dynamics of emerging infectious diseases and agricultural pests in human societies. As part of the newly launched Anthropocene laboratory he is a scientific lead on the Hope assessment documenting the character and scale of human activities to build a more sustainable and long-lasting relationship with the rest of the living planet."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709895459/gesda-23/person/peter-sogaard-jorgensen_photo__Picture1_js86cr.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709895459/gesda-23/person/peter-sogaard-jorgensen_photo__Picture1_js86cr.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709895459/gesda-23/person/peter-sogaard-jorgensen_photo__Picture1_js86cr.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e04c814c181dbca04dd9db","name":"Afshin Akhtar-Khavari","slug":"afshin-akhtar-khavari","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Afshin Akhtar-Khavari is a Professor of International Law (Public and Private) at the School of Law. He earned his BSc (genetics) and LLB from the University of New South Wales, LLM from the University of Sydney and PhD from Griffith University.\n\nAfshin's research moves the boundaries of environmental law's concerns and focus by critiquing and reimagining it for the benefit of non-human living beings and systems. His interdisciplinary approach to the law is influenced by reading science and technology, ethics and international politics to understand non-human relationality, creativity, and ways that they experience reality. He is particularly interested in ideas and theories about science that push traditions in that discipline and the influence that this then has on developments in law and governance. He is presently working on projects concerned with restoration, extinction, compassion and plants, examining how environmental law's reach can be further extended for the benefit of non-human beings. He has published widely into journals, edited collections and has written monographs, textbooks, and edited books and special issues of journals. He is currently writing a book for the Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies series on the topic of international law and restorative environmentalism.\n\nAfshin has been a thought leader and innovator in curriculum design and teaching in the area of 'internationalising' legal education, and in 2004"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709198241/gesda-23/person/afshin-akhtar-khavari_photo__web-230928afshin-akhtar-khavari-tni-avi4269-2500x-q85_b9uyle.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709198241/gesda-23/person/afshin-akhtar-khavari_photo__web-230928afshin-akhtar-khavari-tni-avi4269-2500x-q85_b9uyle.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709198241/gesda-23/person/afshin-akhtar-khavari_photo__web-230928afshin-akhtar-khavari-tni-avi4269-2500x-q85_b9uyle.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e056284c181dbca04dda9b","name":"Alexandre Antonelli","slug":"alexandre-antonelli","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Reporting to the Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, I provide leadership and management of the Science Directorate. My overall aim is to strengthen and further develop Kew as a global centre of excellence in plant and fungal knowledge and to promote evidence-based solutions to major challenges.\n\nMy main tasks are to:\n\nDrive excellence in Kew’s science, attract globally leading scientists, promote career development among staff, and steer performance and operational delivery of science programmes and projects.\nBe an advocate and spokesperson for Kew’s science internally and externally, including promoting Kew’s research portfolio and partnerships in the scientific and policy communities nationally and internationally.\nProvide effective leadership as a member of the Executive Board.\nIncrease fundraising, including the generation of income for science consultancy and Kew’s Intellectual Property.\nLead and further develop a research programme including current and future students and early career researchers reporting directly to me.\nAwards and distinctions\nElected Foreign Fellow of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences\nAwarded the 2022 Senckenberg Prize for Nature Research\nFeatured on Web of Science/Clarivate ‘Highly Cited Researchers’ list, 2020, 2021, 2022\nElected member of the Royal Society of Arts and Sciences in Gothenburg, 2016-\nElected member of the Young Academy of Sweden, 2016-19\nFuture Research Leader, 2016\nThe Faculty of Science Research Award, 2015\nWallenberg Academy Fellow, 2014\nElected member of the Young Academy of Europe, 2013-"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709200783/gesda-23/person/alexandre-antonelli_photo__KS_Alex_01.jpg_uscyky.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709200783/gesda-23/person/alexandre-antonelli_photo__KS_Alex_01.jpg_uscyky.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709200783/gesda-23/person/alexandre-antonelli_photo__KS_Alex_01.jpg_uscyky.webp"}}}}},{"id":"66b31627dd20bd94d75d458f","name":"Patrick Cai","slug":"patrick-cai","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"rofessor Patrick Cai (PC, Manchester) is Prof. in Synthetic Genomics and a world-leading expert in synthetic chromosomes, with a highly interdisciplinary research group. In 2017, Prof. Cai’s team published 7 research articles in the journal Science, and was featured on its cover. Patrick Cai is the international coordinator for the (Sc2.0) Consortium, which is composed of over 10 top universities from 4 continents aiming to synthesize the world’s first synthetic eukaryotic genome. Patrick Cai founded Edinburgh Genome Foundry, which is the largest automated DNA synthesis and assembly facility in academia today. Patrick Cai regularly provides advice and consultancies to the Cabinet office, the Foreign Office and the Prime Minister’s Council for Science and Technologies in the UK. He holds prestigious visiting professorships with MIT (US), MRC LMB at Cambridge (UK), Hong Kong University and Chinese Academy of Sciences (China). In 2022, Patrick Cai was awarded a 5 year EPSRC fellowship to work on biosecurity and biosafety mechanisms for synthetic genomes, and in 2023, he was awarded an ERC Consolidator Award to engineer non-coding RNAs using a synthetic genomics approach.  "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1723513096/gesda-platform/person/patrick-cai_photo__Patrick_Cai_p4b2z4.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1723513096/gesda-platform/person/patrick-cai_photo__Patrick_Cai_p4b2z4.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1723513096/gesda-platform/person/patrick-cai_photo__Patrick_Cai_p4b2z4.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e05e374c181dbca04ddae7","name":"Junbiao Dai","slug":"junbiao-dai","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Junbiao Dai received his Bachelor degree from Nanjing University in 1997, Master of Science in Biology from Tsinghua University in 2000 and PhD in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology from Iowa State University in 2006. He was a post-doctoral fellow at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine before joining the faculty in School of Life Sciences at Tsinghua University in 2011. In 2017, he joined the faculty at SIAT.\n\nDr. Dai's research interests lie in synthetic biology using different model organisms, focusing on development of new technologies for genes synthesis, assembly and synthetic genomics. In the past five years, he has published, as corresponding author, more than 40 papers in prestigious journals including Science and was selected as one of the Top Ten Scientific Advances of China in 2017. He is one of the key members in synthetic yeast consortium (Sc2.0) and genome project-write (GP-write), and is currently leading the \"GP-Write China\". In 2017, He was awarded the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726468013/gesda-platform/person/junbiao-dai_photo__Junbiao_gjt1us.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726468013/gesda-platform/person/junbiao-dai_photo__Junbiao_gjt1us.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726468013/gesda-platform/person/junbiao-dai_photo__Junbiao_gjt1us.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e063464c181dbca04ddb3c","name":"Michael N. Dawson","slug":"michael-n-dawson","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Dawson’s lab focuses on elucidating the origins, maintenance, and loss of marine biodiversity, from molecular to ecosystem levels. He studies jellyfish, among other marine creatures, and he’s specifically interested in how molecular variation explains and causes differences between individuals, populations, species and higher taxa; and how the environment shapes and is shaped by genetic, organismal, population and community variation. His lab's work scales from micro- to macro-evolution and integrates biological and physical sciences. Topic areas include adaptation, ecological genetics and evolutionary ecology; population genetics, phylogeography, biogeography and phylogenetics; speciation, systematics and taxonomy; behavior and morphology; and climate change, invasive species and marine protected areas."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709204211/gesda-23/person/michael-n-dawson_photo__dawson-mike-8163_ghh7vx.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709204211/gesda-23/person/michael-n-dawson_photo__dawson-mike-8163_ghh7vx.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709204211/gesda-23/person/michael-n-dawson_photo__dawson-mike-8163_ghh7vx.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e056cb4c181dbca04ddaaa","name":"Consuelo De Moraes","slug":"consuelo-de-moraes","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Research in the De Moraes group focuses on exploring the role of information transfer via sensory cues and signals in shaping interspecific ecological interactions. The primary focus of the group is on chemical signaling and specifically on the role of olfactory information in interactions among plants and other organisms. Within this framework, the group explores a broad range of topics, including multi-trophic plant-insect interactions and disease transmission by insect vectors. The overarching goal of this work is to address novel and important questions in basic ecology that also have applied relevance for sustainable agriculture, ecological conservation and human health.\n\nTeaching in the group includes a number of courses relating to insect biology, plant-insect interactions, and the role of communication in mediating interspecific ecological interactions, which are targeted primarily to students in Environmental Systems Science (D-USYS), Biology (D-BIOL), and other life-science disciplines. These courses are designed to provide students with a clear understanding of core concepts, as well as familiarity with important open questions in basic and applied science and the research techniques and methods that can be brought to bear on such questions.\n\nThe De Moraes group also oversees the ETH Zurich Entomological Museum, which hosts one of the most important insect collections in central Europe with over two million specimens. In addition to serving as an important resource for researchers and educators, the museum has taken an active role in public outreach and education, including via frequent guided tours of the museum’s holdings by school groups and the general public, as well as more focused educational exhibits. The museum also serves as an important educational resource for ETH students by hosting specialized seminars and workshops on relevant topics. A major focus of the collection’s current work is to digitize its holdings in order to create online resources for both research and education."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709201003/gesda-23/person/consuelo-de-moraes_photo__profile.person_image_2_arbppg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709201003/gesda-23/person/consuelo-de-moraes_photo__profile.person_image_2_arbppg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709201003/gesda-23/person/consuelo-de-moraes_photo__profile.person_image_2_arbppg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e053004c181dbca04dda4f","name":"Maria Dornelas","slug":"maria-dornelas","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"My research focuses on quantifying biodiversity and understanding the processes that shape it. I often work on tropical systems and specifically coral reefs, but I also work with tropical freshwater fish, mangrove crabs and plants for example, as I am more question-driven that organism-driven. I like to combine ecological theory, synthesis of existing data, and fieldwork in my research, and most of the research questions I’m interested in fall under the disciplines of community ecology, macroecology and biogeography. I tend to work on intermediate spatio-temporal scales (that is communities and networks of communities over time-scales of years to tens of years)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709200042/gesda-23/person/maria-dornelas_photo__images_mk0dxt.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709200042/gesda-23/person/maria-dornelas_photo__images_mk0dxt.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709200042/gesda-23/person/maria-dornelas_photo__images_mk0dxt.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e0625f4c181dbca04ddb25","name":"Luis Eguiarte","slug":"luis-eguiarte","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Eguiarte is one of Mexico's most prolific and creative students of evolution. He helped start the field of conservation genetics in Mexico, a country that is among the world's most biodiverse. Mexico is one of the centers of early human plant domestication and Eguiarte has exploited this history by employing genetic approaches to analyze the domestication and origins of important Mexican plants such as maize, beans and squashes. He and his colleagues have unraveled the recent adaptive radiation of Agave driven by the aridification of North America, thereby providing deep insights into how climate change can drive ecosystem evolution."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709203984/gesda-23/person/luis-eguiarte_photo__l_u_B-YpW3kC-plNtFLU_XHIKg__i200_646c9e99767ad8.68976808_zalvgf.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709203984/gesda-23/person/luis-eguiarte_photo__l_u_B-YpW3kC-plNtFLU_XHIKg__i200_646c9e99767ad8.68976808_zalvgf.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709203984/gesda-23/person/luis-eguiarte_photo__l_u_B-YpW3kC-plNtFLU_XHIKg__i200_646c9e99767ad8.68976808_zalvgf.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e04af14c181dbca04dd9bf","name":"Kevin Esvelt","slug":"kevin-esvelt","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Kevin Esvelt is an Associate Professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Media Lab and a co-founder of two non-profits: SecureBio and the SecureDNA Foundation.  Esvelt’s laboratory and nonprofits seek to safeguard biotechnology against mistrust and misuse by pioneering new ways of working with communities to apply ecological engineering techniques, developing early-warning systems to reliably detect catastrophic biological threats, applying cryptographic methods to enable secure and universal DNA synthesis screening, policy advocacy on global biorisks, and more.  He holds a Harvard PhD in Biochemistry, invented CRISPR-based gene drive, and is featured in the Netflix documentary \"Unnatural Selection. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709197965/gesda-23/person/kevin-esvelt_photo__thumb_1696265809-artwork_hiifp4.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709197965/gesda-23/person/kevin-esvelt_photo__thumb_1696265809-artwork_hiifp4.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709197965/gesda-23/person/kevin-esvelt_photo__thumb_1696265809-artwork_hiifp4.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b229","name":"Sabine Gollner","slug":"sabine-gollner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sabine Gollner is a deep-sea biologist working at the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ), in the Netherlands. She obtained her PhD at the University of Vienna Austria in 2009, and continued her deep-sea studies during a Humboldt Post-doctoral fellow at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Germany. Her research interests include the ecology of deep-sea hydrothermal vents and abyssal plains. She investigates deep-sea faunal biodiversity, population connectivity, and faunal community response patterns to disturbance and stress. She participated in the projects MIDAS (Managing Impacts of Deep-seA reSource exploitation) and Mining Impact (Environmental Impacts and Risks of Deep-Sea Mining) and is co-lead of the minerals working group of the Deep-Ocean Stewardship Initiative. Sabine regularly lectures at Utrecht University and is associate editor of the journals “Marine Biodiversity” and “Frontiers in Marine Science”. She collects data through ocean expeditions, using for example remotely operated vehicles and other types of advanced technologies. Sabine has participated and/or led 10 research expeditions in the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.\n\nSabine is very much looking forward to return to the 9°North East Pacific Rise, the study area during this expedition. She has been in the area already in 2003, 2006, 2007 and 2009 and has studied connectivity as well as animal community dynamics at senescent and active vents before and after a volcanic eruption. Sabine is curious to solve more puzzles. Can animals live in the cracks of our earth’s crust and are these cracks important to maintain connectivity at deep-sea vents? And what are the limits of life – how long and which extreme temperature and oxygen poor conditions can the animals withstand?"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987589/gesda-22/person/sabine-gollner_photo__10271_s0iy9b.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987589/gesda-22/person/sabine-gollner_photo__10271_s0iy9b.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987589/gesda-22/person/sabine-gollner_photo__10271_s0iy9b.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e04e184c181dbca04dd9f0","name":"Olivier Hamant","slug":"olivier-hamant","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Olivier Hamant is an INRAE Director of research at the RDP institute at ENS de Lyon.\n\nA biologist by profession, he tries to understand how plants use forces to control their development, by combining molecular and cellular biology, mechanics and modeling approaches.\n\nAlongside this research, he is engaged in a training program exploring the many implications of the Anthropocene at ENS de Lyon and with the House of Cultures of the World in Berlin. In keeping with his biological research and the numerous implications of the Anthropocene, he has been involved in several projects involving the humanities and the arts, particularly around the issues of complexity, resilience and fragility of biological systems."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709198611/gesda-23/person/olivier-hamant_photo__Photo_HAMANT_c_Inra_C._Slagmulder_tnzycg.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709198611/gesda-23/person/olivier-hamant_photo__Photo_HAMANT_c_Inra_C._Slagmulder_tnzycg.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709198611/gesda-23/person/olivier-hamant_photo__Photo_HAMANT_c_Inra_C._Slagmulder_tnzycg.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b08f","name":"Anders Meibom","slug":"anders-meibom","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor at EPFL and University of Lausanne for more than a decade, Meibom leads a research group in the field of biogeochemistry, with a focus on corals and related marine organisms that suffer dramatically from the impact of global warming and other environmental stressors. In 2019 he created the Transnational Red Sea Center initiative hosted at EPFL (TRSC.org). With the strong support of the Swiss Foreign Ministry, the TRSC bridges science and diplomacy in working towards the conservation of the unique coral reefs in the Red Sea region. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1743053943/gesda-platform/person/anders-meibom_photo__Anders_Meibom_vs8dpc.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1743053943/gesda-platform/person/anders-meibom_photo__Anders_Meibom_vs8dpc.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1743053943/gesda-platform/person/anders-meibom_photo__Anders_Meibom_vs8dpc.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65f07a79b3b726da3ed610ec","name":"Mark Mescher","slug":"mark-mescher","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Mark Mescher is a biologist at ETH Zurich and co-director the Biocommunication Research Group. His intellectual interests focus on evolution, animal behavior and communication. His research program focuses on the role of information in mediating ecological interactions among species, including plants, insects, and microbes. He has also explored how malaria and other pathogens affect human odors and the role of chemical signaling in disease transmission by insect vectors. Prof. Mescher taught courses on animal behavior and social evolution, and written about the broader role of information in biological evolution."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1710258747/gesda-23/person/mark-mescher_photo__Picture1_cctwcm.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1710258747/gesda-23/person/mark-mescher_photo__Picture1_cctwcm.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1710258747/gesda-23/person/mark-mescher_photo__Picture1_cctwcm.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e053bd4c181dbca04dda66","name":"Kate Parr","slug":"kate-parr","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"I am a community and ecosystem ecologist interested in how biological systems are structured, maintained and how they respond to disturbances & environmental change. Current research in the lab includes quantifying the role of biodiversity in ecosystem functioning (particularly social insects, ants and termites), exploring the process of community assembly and promoting the conservation of tropical grassy biomes. We work in a range of environments but mostly in the tropics and sub-tropics, from montane grasslands, to rainforests, to savannas."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709200203/gesda-23/person/kate-parr_photo__Kate_Hluhluwe_fnvsv7.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709200203/gesda-23/person/kate-parr_photo__Kate_Hluhluwe_fnvsv7.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709200203/gesda-23/person/kate-parr_photo__Kate_Hluhluwe_fnvsv7.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e064644c181dbca04ddb52","name":"Beth Shapiro","slug":"beth-shapiro","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Beth Shapiro is an evolutionary biologist who specializes in the genetics of ice age animals and plants. She uses DNA recovered from bones and other organic remains to study how species and communities evolved through time and how human activities affected this dynamic process. Her PhD research developed new tools to infer temporal changes in species’ abundance and distribution from chronological samples of genetic data isolated from organismal remains. She has since used these and newer genome-scale approaches to trace evolutionary changes in organisms ranging from influenza to mammoths, asking questions about domestication, admixture between species pairs, and pathogen evolution. As co-director of the Paleogenomics Laboratory at the University of California Santa Cruz, Beth's current work develops techniques to recover and analyze increasingly trace amounts of DNA, such as from environmental and forensic samples. A 2009 MacArthur Fellow, Beth is also an award-winning popular science author and communicator who uses her research as a platform to explore the potential of new genomic technologies for conservation and medicine. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709204502/gesda-23/person/beth-shapiro_photo__beth-shapiro-400x400_pwinzl.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709204502/gesda-23/person/beth-shapiro_photo__beth-shapiro-400x400_pwinzl.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709204502/gesda-23/person/beth-shapiro_photo__beth-shapiro-400x400_pwinzl.png"}}}}},{"id":"65e057a64c181dbca04ddab3","name":"Chantal Yue Shen","slug":"chantal-yue-shen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Chantal Yue Shen is currently the director of Genome Synthesis and Editing Platform of China National Genebank. She and her group have set up the synthesis biology platform in BGI since 2011. She initiated the  Sc2.0 yeast genome project in BGI (Chromosome II, VII and XIII) and established the genome synthesis capacity using microchip-based DNA synthesis technology and automation approaches. Her group are currently working on establishing high-throughput and efficient genome synthesis and editing platform for medical, biomanufacture and agriculture related applications."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709201274/gesda-23/person/chantal-yue-shen_photo__Chantal-Yue-Shen_brosmr.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709201274/gesda-23/person/chantal-yue-shen_photo__Chantal-Yue-Shen_brosmr.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709201274/gesda-23/person/chantal-yue-shen_photo__Chantal-Yue-Shen_brosmr.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e054904c181dbca04dda75","name":"Valeria Souza","slug":"valeria-souza","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Valeria Souza is one of Mexico's most creative scientists working on microbial ecology and evolution. She employs population-genetic approaches as well as microcosm studies to investigate gene transfer, patterns of diversity, and adaptations to specific environmental factors. Souza's early work on rhizobia in agricultural fields demonstrated the tension between genetic exchange and limited dispersal in structuring population diversity. Her pioneering analyses of the microbial communities living in oligotrophic oases in the Cuatro Ciénegas basin in the Chihuahuan Desert reveal a \"lost world\"-one where ancient lineages survive because of adaptations to extreme phosphorous limitation, which prevent invasion by foreign species."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709914146/gesda-23/person/valeria-souza_photo__Picture2_dlakza.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709914146/gesda-23/person/valeria-souza_photo__Picture2_dlakza.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709914146/gesda-23/person/valeria-souza_photo__Picture2_dlakza.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65e064ed4c181dbca04ddb61","name":"Gregory Velicer","slug":"gregory-velicer","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"We investigate a conceptually diverse range of questions regarding how social behavior among microbes evolves, in ecological context and molecular detail, using several research approaches. Our research addresses questions of general conceptual interest but empirically focuses on the myxobacteria, which have evolved some of the most sophisticated social behaviors found among microorganisms. These behaviors include social motility, coordinated predation of many other microbes and cooperative construction of multicellular fruiting bodies."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1709204662/gesda-23/person/gregory-velicer_photo__profile.person_image_3_typevd.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1709204662/gesda-23/person/gregory-velicer_photo__profile.person_image_3_typevd.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1709204662/gesda-23/person/gregory-velicer_photo__profile.person_image_3_typevd.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66b174a8f08b456169bc1fcb","path":"/superconductivity","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"If you cool certain materials down to a very low temperature, they begin to conduct electricity with zero resistance, meaning that no energy is lost in transmission. This phenomenon — superconductivity — is rooted in quantum mechanics and has far-reaching implications for science, technology and society in sectors such as healthcare, clean energy and transportation. Superconductive materials include alloys and simple intermetallic compounds: those most commonly used are based on niobium, as well as an entire class of ceramic compounds known as high-temperature superconductors, such as yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO). A third group, iron-based superconductors, was discovered more recently. \n"},"slug":"superconductivity","name":"Superconductivity","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"If you cool certain materials down to a very low temperature, they begin to conduct electricity with zero resistance, meaning that no energy is lost in transmission. This phenomenon — superconductivity — is rooted in quantum mechanics and has far-reaching implications for science, technology and society in sectors such as healthcare, clean energy and transportation. Superconductive materials include alloys and simple intermetallic compounds: those most commonly used are based on niobium, as well as an entire class of ceramic compounds known as high-temperature superconductors, such as yttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO). A third group, iron-based superconductors, was discovered more recently. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843091/gesda-platform/page/superconductivity_thumbnail__IC-Superconductivity_S_jrj8c2.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843091/gesda-platform/page/superconductivity_thumbnail__IC-Superconductivity_S_jrj8c2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843091/gesda-platform/page/superconductivity_thumbnail__IC-Superconductivity_S_jrj8c2.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843091/gesda-platform/page/superconductivity_thumbnail__IC-Superconductivity_S_jrj8c2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843091/gesda-platform/page/superconductivity_thumbnail__IC-Superconductivity_S_jrj8c2.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66b17588f08b456169bc23a3","name":"Carmine Senatore","slug":"carmine-senatore","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Prof. Carmine Senatore is the head of the Group of Applied Superconductivity at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, a role he has held since 2010. He earned his MSc in Physics with honors in 2000 and completed his PhD in 2004 at the University of Salerno, Italy, where his research focused on the dynamics of magnetic vortices in superconductors.\nCurrently, Professor Senatore's research advances superconducting materials for various applications, including high-field magnets for NMR/MRI systems, particle accelerators, and fusion reactors. His research aims to improve our understanding and control of superconductors' properties, exploring material science aspects that affect their performance and developing innovative methods for large-scale industrial production.\nIn 2016, Professor Senatore's team, in collaboration with Bruker BioSpin, a leading company in NMR technology, achieved a major milestone by developing a high-performance superconducting coil that set a new European benchmark, reaching a magnetic field strength of 25 T with an all-superconducting magnet. He is also actively involved in CERN's studies on advanced accelerator magnets, including those for the Future Circular Collider (FCC).\nIn 2023, Professor Senatore curated a transformation map on superconductivity for the World Economic Forum, aimed at increasing awareness and understanding of superconductors' practical applications among policymakers and industry leaders. He has published over 100 papers in peer-reviewed journals and delivered more than 60 presentations at international conferences, including several plenary talks."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1722905888/gesda-platform/person/carmine-senatore_photo__Carmine_Senatore_br6wrd.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1722905888/gesda-platform/person/carmine-senatore_photo__Carmine_Senatore_br6wrd.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1722905888/gesda-platform/person/carmine-senatore_photo__Carmine_Senatore_br6wrd.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66b18149f08b456169bc280d","path":"/artificial-cognition","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Recent years have seen repeated remarkable advances in the creation of deep-learning systems, most recently large language models (LLMs). These systems have demonstrated the ability to respond to complex natural-language prompts with informative answers and perform a wide variety of cognitive tasks on par with humans.1 Oftentimes their abilities have surprised many of us and even significantly exceeded the expectations of their creators. \n"},"slug":"artificial-cognition","name":"Artificial Cognition","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Recent years have seen repeated remarkable advances in the creation of deep-learning systems, most recently large language models (LLMs). These systems have demonstrated the ability to respond to complex natural-language prompts with informative answers and perform a wide variety of cognitive tasks on par with humans.1 Oftentimes their abilities have surprised many of us and even significantly exceeded the expectations of their creators. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843053/gesda-platform/page/artificial-cognition_thumbnail__IC-Artificial_Cognition_S_rcwfun.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843053/gesda-platform/page/artificial-cognition_thumbnail__IC-Artificial_Cognition_S_rcwfun.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843053/gesda-platform/page/artificial-cognition_thumbnail__IC-Artificial_Cognition_S_rcwfun.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843053/gesda-platform/page/artificial-cognition_thumbnail__IC-Artificial_Cognition_S_rcwfun.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843053/gesda-platform/page/artificial-cognition_thumbnail__IC-Artificial_Cognition_S_rcwfun.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0ce","name":"Chris Eliasmith","slug":"chris-eliasmith","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Chris Eliasmith is the founding Director of the Centre for Theoretical Neuroscience at the University of Waterloo and holds the Canada Research Chair in Theoretical Neuroscience. He has authored two books and over 130 publications in philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, computer science, and engineering venues.\nHe is also a co-founder of Applied Brain Research, Inc a deep tech startup.\nDr. Eliasmith has co-hosted a Discovery channel television show on emerging technologies and a Mind Field episode with Vsauce on building a brain with people."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726015846/gesda-platform/person/chris-eliasmith_photo__Chris_Eliasmith_vg8owx.webp"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66b1856df08b456169bc2879","path":"/mathematics-for-humanity","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"In an ever more fractured world, unification can be a valuable process. It might be political, such as the unification of East and West Germany. It might be scientific: physicists have long been searching for a “grand unified theory” that will reveal the common origin of the various forces of nature. But it can also be mathematical. \n"},"slug":"mathematics-for-humanity","name":"Mathematics for Humanity","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"In an ever more fractured world, unification can be a valuable process. It might be political, such as the unification of East and West Germany. It might be scientific: physicists have long been searching for a “grand unified theory” that will reveal the common origin of the various forces of nature. But it can also be mathematical. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843313/gesda-platform/page/mathematics-for-humanity_thumbnail__IC-Mathematics_for_Humanity_S_yvnwj2.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843313/gesda-platform/page/mathematics-for-humanity_thumbnail__IC-Mathematics_for_Humanity_S_yvnwj2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843313/gesda-platform/page/mathematics-for-humanity_thumbnail__IC-Mathematics_for_Humanity_S_yvnwj2.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843313/gesda-platform/page/mathematics-for-humanity_thumbnail__IC-Mathematics_for_Humanity_S_yvnwj2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843313/gesda-platform/page/mathematics-for-humanity_thumbnail__IC-Mathematics_for_Humanity_S_yvnwj2.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66b1868ef08b456169bc289c","name":"Minhyong Kim","slug":"minhyong-kim","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Minhyong Kim is Director and Sir Edmund Whittaker Professor of Mathematical Sciences at the International Centre for Mathematical Sciences in Edinburgh. He is also Distinguished Professor at the Korea Institute for Advanced Study. He works on arithmetic geometry, the study of spaces built out of finitely-generated systems of numbers, employing ideas of mathematical physics, especially topological quantum field theory. Minhyong studied mathematics at Seoul National University, then received his Ph.D. in Mathematics at Yale University. He has held professorships at Purdue University, University College London, and the University of Oxford, where he was head of the number theory research group. Before moving to Edinburgh, Minhyong was Christopher Zeeman Professor of Algebra, Geometry, and Public Understanding of Mathematics at the University of Warwick.\n\nMinhyong has a keen interest in public engagement. He has given numerous presentations at schools, teacher-training workshops, and culture programmes in companies on a wide range of topics in mathematics and its interface with other domains of inquiry, especially physics and economics. He has published nine books written for the general public, many of them bestsellers and one staying in the top twenty bestsellers list among general books in Korea for 8 weeks in 2018.  He has just published a cartoon adventure featuring Schroedinger' s Cat and a book of conversations on music and mathematics with Cellist Sung-Won Yang. \n\nAs director of the ICMS, Minhyong is overseeing Mathematics for Humanity, a new programme to support work in the mathematical sciences that has immediate potential to enhance human welfare."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1722910204/gesda-platform/person/minhyong-kim_photo__Minhyong_Kim_c7xskd.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1722910204/gesda-platform/person/minhyong-kim_photo__Minhyong_Kim_c7xskd.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1722910204/gesda-platform/person/minhyong-kim_photo__Minhyong_Kim_c7xskd.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66bdebc2dfa939b232e119c5","path":"/ai-futures-peace-and-war","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Geostrategic security is in crisis at a time when urgent action on humanity’s intertwined environmental, technological and infrastructure systems is critical to long-term sustainability. The natural world, energy, food, water, raw materials, health systems and digital information networks are in volatile transition. Scientific discovery and invention bring revolutionary progress, yet often generate unanticipated systemic risks.\n"},"slug":"ai-futures-peace-and-war","name":"AI Futures: Peace and War","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Geostrategic security is in crisis at a time when urgent action on humanity’s intertwined environmental, technological and infrastructure systems is critical to long-term sustainability. The natural world, energy, food, water, raw materials, health systems and digital information networks are in volatile transition. Scientific discovery and invention bring revolutionary progress, yet often generate unanticipated systemic risks.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726564445/gesda-platform/banner/banner-ai-futures-peace-and-war_thumbnail__AI_Futures_Peace_and_War_bsarqx.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726564445/gesda-platform/banner/banner-ai-futures-peace-and-war_thumbnail__AI_Futures_Peace_and_War_bsarqx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726564445/gesda-platform/banner/banner-ai-futures-peace-and-war_thumbnail__AI_Futures_Peace_and_War_bsarqx.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726564445/gesda-platform/banner/banner-ai-futures-peace-and-war_thumbnail__AI_Futures_Peace_and_War_bsarqx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726564445/gesda-platform/banner/banner-ai-futures-peace-and-war_thumbnail__AI_Futures_Peace_and_War_bsarqx.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"66bdecb5dfa939b232e119cf","name":"Peter Kingsley","slug":"peter-kingsley","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726701973/gesda-platform/person/peter-kingsley_photo__peter-kingsley_rryezl.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726701973/gesda-platform/person/peter-kingsley_photo__peter-kingsley_rryezl.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726701973/gesda-platform/person/peter-kingsley_photo__peter-kingsley_rryezl.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66bdecc0dfa939b232e119d6","name":"Wendy Hall","slug":"wendy-hall","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726014950/gesda-platform/person/wendy-hall_photo__Wendy_hall_2011_tkzpee.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726014950/gesda-platform/person/wendy-hall_photo__Wendy_hall_2011_tkzpee.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726014950/gesda-platform/person/wendy-hall_photo__Wendy_hall_2011_tkzpee.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66bdf07ddfa939b232e11edb","path":"/the-relation-of-advanced-ai-to-the-future-of-peace-and-war","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being deployed on a massive scale throughout the world. While the technology is still developing, it is clear that it will have equally massive potential consequences for a wide variety of sectors — and diplomacy and international relations are no exception. AI systems can act as force multipliers for both war and peace, and in the service of individuals, states, non-state actors — such as major technological players — and the international system. \n"},"slug":"anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai","name":"Anticipating the Geopolitical Impact of Advanced AI","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are being deployed on a massive scale throughout the world. While the technology is still developing, it is clear that it will have equally massive potential consequences for a wide variety of sectors — and diplomacy and international relations are no exception. AI systems can act as force multipliers for both war and peace, and in the service of individuals, states, non-state actors — such as major technological players — and the international system. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726563638/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Geopolitical_Impact_of_Advanced_AI_ufu8vz.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726563638/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Geopolitical_Impact_of_Advanced_AI_ufu8vz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726563638/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Geopolitical_Impact_of_Advanced_AI_ufu8vz.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726563638/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Geopolitical_Impact_of_Advanced_AI_ufu8vz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726563638/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-geopolitical-impact-of-advanced-ai_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Geopolitical_Impact_of_Advanced_AI_ufu8vz.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"66bdf194dfa939b232e11eec","name":"Emmanuel R. Goffi ","slug":"emmanuel-r-goffi","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Emmanuel R. Goffi is an Artificial Intelligence Ethicist. He is Head of the Ethics, Management, Personal and Professional Project Department, and professor-researcher in ethics applied to AI at ISEP - Paris Institute of Digital Technology. Dr Goffi is also an expert and ethics sherpa and has been working with companies and organizations in France and abroad, advising them on how to integrate ethics into their digital-related activities. He is also a research associate with organizations in Morocco, Brazil, Canada, and Iran, and a lecturer in several institutions in France, Canada, Morocco, and Germany. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1724029448/gesda-platform/person/emmanuel-r-goffi_photo__Goffi_ER_ehkuy5.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1724029448/gesda-platform/person/emmanuel-r-goffi_photo__Goffi_ER_ehkuy5.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1724029448/gesda-platform/person/emmanuel-r-goffi_photo__Goffi_ER_ehkuy5.webp"}}}}},{"id":"66bdf18bdfa939b232e11ee5","name":"Fabian Toux","slug":"fabian-toux","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Fabien Toux is a project manager at the Human Technology Foundation, focusing on artificial intelligence and digital identity. He has previously worked for consulting firms and an investment fund."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726701761/gesda-platform/person/fabian-toux_photo__fabian-toux_photo__FTOUX_sh2zav_ww6qif.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726701761/gesda-platform/person/fabian-toux_photo__fabian-toux_photo__FTOUX_sh2zav_ww6qif.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726701761/gesda-platform/person/fabian-toux_photo__fabian-toux_photo__FTOUX_sh2zav_ww6qif.webp"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d518c2ff7123e8604dc20a","path":"/synthetic-human-embryos","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The human embryo makes all of its organs during the first 40 days of pregnancy. It is during this extremely sensitive period that most pregnancies fail, most developmental defects form and drugs such as alcohol have the most toxic effects. It is also the part of pregnancy that we know least about, with obvious implications for our ability to develop medical interventions.\n"},"slug":"growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise","name":"Growing Embryo Models: Challenges and Future Promise","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","color":{"value":"#078694"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The human embryo makes all of its organs during the first 40 days of pregnancy. It is during this extremely sensitive period that most pregnancies fail, most developmental defects form and drugs such as alcohol have the most toxic effects. It is also the part of pregnancy that we know least about, with obvious implications for our ability to develop medical interventions.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843279/gesda-platform/page/growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise_thumbnail__IC-Growing_Embryo_Models_S_cfirns.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843279/gesda-platform/page/growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise_thumbnail__IC-Growing_Embryo_Models_S_cfirns.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843279/gesda-platform/page/growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise_thumbnail__IC-Growing_Embryo_Models_S_cfirns.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843279/gesda-platform/page/growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise_thumbnail__IC-Growing_Embryo_Models_S_cfirns.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843279/gesda-platform/page/growing-embryo-models-challenges-and-future-promise_thumbnail__IC-Growing_Embryo_Models_S_cfirns.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66b31c49dd20bd94d75d45d3","name":"Jacob Hanna","slug":"jacob-yaqub-h-hanna","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Born in Rama, an Arab Palestinian village in the Galilee region of Israel, Prof. Jacob (Yaqub) Hanna earned his BSc in medical science (2001), PhD in immunology (2007), and MD in clinical medicine summa cum laude (2007) from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. He conducted postdoctoral research at the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research at MIT. He joined the department of Molecular Genetics at the Weizmann Institute in 2011.\n\nProf. Hanna is pioneering techniques in induced naïve pluripotency from adult cell and synthetic whole embryo models made solely from stem cells ex utero. Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have regenerative properties almost identical to those of embryonic stem cells but can be created from adult cells without using an egg or fetal material. Prof. Hanna was the lead researcher in a study that showed how further-modified iPS cells could be used to treat sickle-cell anemia in mice, the first proof of concept of the therapeutic application of iPS cells. Prof. Hanna has uncovered novel pathways regulating the reprogramming process and was the first to derive pristine “naïve” human pluripotent cells equivalent to those derived from mice and (i) can generate “cross-species humanized chimeric” mouse models that have human derived tissues (ii) can give rise to human primordial germ cell (progenitors of egg or sperm) or (iii) to all extra-embryonic compartments (placenta and yolk-sac). He was the first to expand prolonged periods of advanced and normal mammalian embryo development from pre-gastrulation until late organogenesis in an “artificial uterus” environment outside the maternal womb. The latter platform enabled him to demonstrate the ability to be the first to generate advanced stage whole synthetic embryos made entirely from naïve pluripotent stem cells in the petri dish, that can complete gastrulation and demonstrate organ formation within adequate extra-embryonic compartments. He adapted these approaches and was able to derive the first complete human embryo model equivalent to day 14 made from human naïve stem cells. In addition to demonstrating the power of cell reprogramming and ex utero advanced embryogenesis, his work offers the promise of new research models for degenerative diseases, infertility, pregnancy failure and human early development. \n\nDuring his postdoctoral work, Prof. Hanna received a prestigious Novartis Fellowship from the Helen Hay Whitney Foundation. In 2010, he was awarded the Sir Charles Clore Prize for Outstanding Appointment in the Weizmann Institute. He received an EMBO young investigator award (2012), a Rappaport Prize in biomedical research (2013), a Krill Prize by the Wolf Foundation (2013), and the Helen and Martin Kimmel Award for Innovative Investigation (2014). In 2014, he was featured among “40 under 40” innovative scientists by the prestigious journal Cell and was elected as a member of EMBO in 2018. In 2021, he ranked at the top of the list of 50 leading world thinkers by Prospect magazine. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726010035/gesda-platform/person/jacob-yaqub-h-hanna_photo__Jacob_Hanna_f6kqua.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726010035/gesda-platform/person/jacob-yaqub-h-hanna_photo__Jacob_Hanna_f6kqua.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726010035/gesda-platform/person/jacob-yaqub-h-hanna_photo__Jacob_Hanna_f6kqua.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","slug":"human-augmentation","path":"/trends/human-augmentation","outlineNumber":"2","color":{"value":"#078694"}}],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d51904ff7123e8604dc213","path":"/space-and-global","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Due to the profound impacts of climate change, the intersection of space technology and global health is emerging as a crucial area of focus. Climate change is fundamentally altering the global landscape, causing extreme weather events such as wildfires, droughts, cyclones and floods. These events reshape our physical world and profoundly impact public health by altering patterns of disease spread and facilitating outbreaks. Space monitoring technology, combined with artificial intelligence, is playing an increasingly important role in tracking these environmental changes, and related disease outbreaks, to improve public health interventions.\n"},"slug":"space-technology-and-global-health","name":"Space Technology and Global Health","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","color":{"value":"#078694"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Due to the profound impacts of climate change, the intersection of space technology and global health is emerging as a crucial area of focus. Climate change is fundamentally altering the global landscape, causing extreme weather events such as wildfires, droughts, cyclones and floods. These events reshape our physical world and profoundly impact public health by altering patterns of disease spread and facilitating outbreaks. Space monitoring technology, combined with artificial intelligence, is playing an increasingly important role in tracking these environmental changes, and related disease outbreaks, to improve public health interventions.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726561729/gesda-platform/banner/banner-tr-2-ic-2-space-technology-and-global-health_thumbnail__TR-2.IC.2_Space_Technology_and_Global_Health_s0snlr.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726561729/gesda-platform/banner/banner-tr-2-ic-2-space-technology-and-global-health_thumbnail__TR-2.IC.2_Space_Technology_and_Global_Health_s0snlr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726561729/gesda-platform/banner/banner-tr-2-ic-2-space-technology-and-global-health_thumbnail__TR-2.IC.2_Space_Technology_and_Global_Health_s0snlr.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726561729/gesda-platform/banner/banner-tr-2-ic-2-space-technology-and-global-health_thumbnail__TR-2.IC.2_Space_Technology_and_Global_Health_s0snlr.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726561729/gesda-platform/banner/banner-tr-2-ic-2-space-technology-and-global-health_thumbnail__TR-2.IC.2_Space_Technology_and_Global_Health_s0snlr.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66fbc2d233c67eaee3de301a","name":"Caroline Perrin","slug":"caroline-perrin","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Caroline has over 10 years of experience in managing digital health projects and multi-stakeholder partnerships with a focus on the design, development, deployment, and evaluation of innovative health informatics solutions to strengthen health systems.\nCaroline is advocating for improved knowledge management, sharing, and systemic approaches to improve collaboration and governance in digital health.\nCaroline holds a degree in business administration (information management), a Master in Management of Information Systems and Service Sciences, and a PhD in global health from the University of Geneva. Implementation sciences and impact evaluation of digital health are her research domains."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727775300/gesda-platform/person/caroline-perrin_photo__Download_10_c1mjuz.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727775300/gesda-platform/person/caroline-perrin_photo__Download_10_c1mjuz.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727775300/gesda-platform/person/caroline-perrin_photo__Download_10_c1mjuz.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66fbc56633c67eaee3de3035","name":"Awa Babington-Ashaye","slug":"awa-babington-ashaye","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Awa Babington-Ashaye is a biochemist specialized in virology and molecular biochemistry. She has an extensive experience in public health and also in the treatment development for various therapeutic areas such as respiratory (COPD, Asthma, Allergy). She led several public health initiatives related to the prevention and diagnosis of various infectious disease (Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya) and also malaria in different regions of the world and in West-Africa in particular. Her activities include the implementation and management of disease awareness programmes on chronic diseases (diabetes) and infectious diseases as well as the design of educational programmes for patients. She is also the Head of Initiatives and Partnerships for Health of a Swiss-based NGO, United People Global, which joined global efforts to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 by supporting local communities through knowledge dissemination and prevention and by helping other organisations to take positive action. Her research focuses on the design, the development of E-health solutions for chronic diseases and health communication. She is particularly interested in the implementation and evaluation of digital solutions and patient-reported outcomes measurements tools that can participate in improving the Quality of Life of patients in low resource countries. She is a PhD candidate in Public Health and Biomedical Sciences at the University of Geneva. She is also a visiting professor in Strategy & Health Communications at the Grenoble Management academic School of Management and she provides training for private sector companies in strategic marketing and communications for the health sector."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727776156/gesda-platform/person/awa-babington-ashaye_photo__1712307989331_agsiis.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727776156/gesda-platform/person/awa-babington-ashaye_photo__1712307989331_agsiis.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727776156/gesda-platform/person/awa-babington-ashaye_photo__1712307989331_agsiis.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d5431aff7123e8604dc889","path":"/the-philosophical-lens-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The current state of the planet, marked by climate change and biodiversity loss, presents one of humanity’s most urgent challenges, further exacerbated by a projected population increase to nearly 10 billion by 2050. Scientific and technological advancements are vital for monitoring and mitigating these issues, offering solutions for humanity to coexist with a changing planet in a sustainable way. In this spirit, the third platform of GESDA’s Science Breakthrough Radar® provides an overview of trends and breakthrough anticipations in “Eco-Regeneration and Geoengineering\" over 5, 10, and 25 years, including critical strategies such as decarbonisation, Earth Systems Modelling, Ocean Stewardship, Solar Radiation Modification, and Future Food Systems to ensure nutritional security for all. Amidst these efforts to sustain the planet’s health while adapting to accelerating global change, the 2024 Philosophy Lens zeroes in on eco-augmentation.\n"},"slug":"the-philosophical-lens-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems","name":"The Philosophical Lens: Eco-augmentation: Shaping the future of social-ecological systems","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The current state of the planet, marked by climate change and biodiversity loss, presents one of humanity’s most urgent challenges, further exacerbated by a projected population increase to nearly 10 billion by 2050. Scientific and technological advancements are vital for monitoring and mitigating these issues, offering solutions for humanity to coexist with a changing planet in a sustainable way. In this spirit, the third platform of GESDA’s Science Breakthrough Radar® provides an overview of trends and breakthrough anticipations in “Eco-Regeneration and Geoengineering\" over 5, 10, and 25 years, including critical strategies such as decarbonisation, Earth Systems Modelling, Ocean Stewardship, Solar Radiation Modification, and Future Food Systems to ensure nutritional security for all. Amidst these efforts to sustain the planet’s health while adapting to accelerating global change, the 2024 Philosophy Lens zeroes in on eco-augmentation.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726566462/gesda-platform/banner/banner-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems_thumbnail__Eco-augmentation-_Shaping_the_future_of_social-ecological_systems_julnjg.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726566462/gesda-platform/banner/banner-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems_thumbnail__Eco-augmentation-_Shaping_the_future_of_social-ecological_systems_julnjg.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726566462/gesda-platform/banner/banner-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems_thumbnail__Eco-augmentation-_Shaping_the_future_of_social-ecological_systems_julnjg.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726566462/gesda-platform/banner/banner-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems_thumbnail__Eco-augmentation-_Shaping_the_future_of_social-ecological_systems_julnjg.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726566462/gesda-platform/banner/banner-eco-augmentation-shaping-the-future-of-social-ecological-systems_thumbnail__Eco-augmentation-_Shaping_the_future_of_social-ecological_systems_julnjg.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"66e0f1619a33e6de96c08950","name":"Eric Desjardins","slug":"eric-desjardins","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726017851/gesda-platform/person/eric-desjardins_photo__Eric-Desjardins_qfms7f.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726017851/gesda-platform/person/eric-desjardins_photo__Eric-Desjardins_qfms7f.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726017851/gesda-platform/person/eric-desjardins_photo__Eric-Desjardins_qfms7f.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0e4869a33e6de96c087cf","name":"Orit Halpern","slug":"orit-halpern","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Orit Halpern is a Lighthouse Professor and the Chair of Digital Cultures at Technische Universität Dresden. Her research is on histories of cybernetics, design, and artificial intelligence. She is currently working on two projects. The first is a history of automating decision making and the second examines the history of experimentation at planetary scales in design, science, and engineering. Her most recent book with Robert Mitchell  is titled *The Smartness Mandate* (MIT Press, 2023). It examines how we have come to believe that digital computing is essential to human survival, and how “smart” technologies and ideologies are remaking planetary futures.  She is also the director of the Digital Cultures Research Group and  co-director of The Schauffler Lab;  two groups bridging the arts, environmental sciences, media, and the social sciences in the interest of re-imagining technological futures."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0fb","name":"Emma Ruttkamp-bloem","slug":"emma-ruttkamp-bloem","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019692/gesda-platform/person/emma-ruttkamp-bloem_photo__Emma-Ruttkamp-Bloem_i35i40.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0fd709a33e6de96c08a66","name":"Manuel Gustavo Isaac","slug":"manuel-gustavo-isaac","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"A program lead in science anticipation philosophy at GESDA, Manuel Gustavo Isaac helps develop the philosophical foundations and framing of our anticipatory work and advance social sciences and humanities research integration into our products. With a PhD in History and Philosophy of Science and Technology from Paris Cité University, his research has been funded by prestigious fellowships from major research agencies, published in top academic journals, presented at distinguished conferences worldwide, and translated for impact into many practitioner workshops, public science lectures, and scientific consultancies. Manuel Gustavo holds a lectureship in emerging technology ethics at the EPFL. He is a member of the International Science Council’s Global Roster of Experts and currently serves as a global expert in the Earth Institute’s AI Ethics Task Force at Columbia University and a research group member at the Center for AI and Digital Policy in Washington."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1741698516/gesda-platform/person/manuel-gustavo-isaac_photo__Manuel-Gustavo-Isaac-scaled_hzrmiu.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1741698516/gesda-platform/person/manuel-gustavo-isaac_photo__Manuel-Gustavo-Isaac-scaled_hzrmiu.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1741698516/gesda-platform/person/manuel-gustavo-isaac_photo__Manuel-Gustavo-Isaac-scaled_hzrmiu.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"673fbc95faaaf95e9cfde2c6","name":"Vincent Block","slug":"vincent-block","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbcb1faaaf95e9cfde2ce","name":"Hayley Clatterbuck","slug":"hayley-clatterbuck","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbcc6faaaf95e9cfde2d5","name":"Alyne Costa","slug":"alyne-costa","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbcd9faaaf95e9cfde2db","name":"Henry Dicks","slug":"henry-dicks","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbcf3faaaf95e9cfde2e1","name":"Maria Paula Diogo","slug":"maria-paula-diogo","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbd0efaaaf95e9cfde2e7","name":"Laÿna Droz","slug":"layna-droz","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbd24faaaf95e9cfde2ed","name":"Freya Mattews","slug":"freya-mattews","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbd3bfaaaf95e9cfde2f3","name":"Sahotra Sarkar","slug":"sahotra-sarkar","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"673fbd5bfaaaf95e9cfde2f9","name":"Kim Sterenly","slug":"kim-sterenly","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":null}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b18d","name":"Leslie Paul Thiele","slug":"leslie-paul-thiele","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Leslie Paul Thiele teaches political theory in the Department of Political Science and serves as Director of Sustainability Studies, an undergraduate Major and Minor at UF.  He is also Director of the Center for Adaptive Innovation, Resilience, Ethics and Science (UF CAIRES), overseeing its Active Learning Program of experiential education for undergraduates.  His interdisciplinary research and teaching focuses on political thought, sustainability, emerging technologies, and the intersection of political philosophy and the natural sciences.  His central concerns are the responsibilities of citizenship and the opportunities for leadership in a world of rapid technological, social, and ecological change. He has published 9 books, including Sustainability (Polity 2016) and The Art and Craft of Political Theory (Routledge 2019)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987317/gesda-22/person/leslie-paul-thiele_photo__Thiele-Headshot-3-300x225_pzmnmc.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987317/gesda-22/person/leslie-paul-thiele_photo__Thiele-Headshot-3-300x225_pzmnmc.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987317/gesda-22/person/leslie-paul-thiele_photo__Thiele-Headshot-3-300x225_pzmnmc.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d54342ff7123e8604dc892","path":"/the-future-of-multilateralism","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The decade following World War Two saw the beginnings of a profound change in global governance, with the founding of the United Nations (UN) in 1945 and the creation of many other new treaty-based, formal intergovernmental organisations (FIGOs), such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Health Organization. Much of our current understanding of international organisations, global governance and rules-based international order is based on analyses of the operations of these organisations.1\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-multilateralism","name":"The Future of Multilateralism","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The decade following World War Two saw the beginnings of a profound change in global governance, with the founding of the United Nations (UN) in 1945 and the creation of many other new treaty-based, formal intergovernmental organisations (FIGOs), such as the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the World Health Organization. Much of our current understanding of international organisations, global governance and rules-based international order is based on analyses of the operations of these organisations.1\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843400/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-multilateralism_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Multilateralism_S_rckhap.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843400/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-multilateralism_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Multilateralism_S_rckhap.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843400/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-multilateralism_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Multilateralism_S_rckhap.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843400/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-multilateralism_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Multilateralism_S_rckhap.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843400/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-multilateralism_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Multilateralism_S_rckhap.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66b31d1edd20bd94d75d45f0","name":"Thomas Biersteker","slug":"thomas-biersteker","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"THOMAS BIERSTEKER is Gasteyger Professor Honoraire at the Geneva Graduate Institute and a Public Policy Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson Center in Washington. He previously taught at Yale University, the University of Southern California, and Brown University. Author/editor of eleven books and principal developer of UNSanctionsApp, his research focuses primarily on international relations theory, multilateral governance, and international sanctions. He received his Ph.D. and M.S. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and his B.A. from the University of Chicago."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1723513407/gesda-platform/person/thomas-biersteker_photo__TB_photo_Alumni_talk_idicv1.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1723513407/gesda-platform/person/thomas-biersteker_photo__TB_photo_Alumni_talk_idicv1.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1723513407/gesda-platform/person/thomas-biersteker_photo__TB_photo_Alumni_talk_idicv1.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d54370ff7123e8604dc89d","path":"/the-future-of-trade","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Digital technology has had a profound impact on modern society, permeating nearly every aspect of our lives and economies. One aspect that is not as widely recognised as it should be is the transformation it is bringing about in world trade.\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-trade","name":"The Future of Trade","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Digital technology has had a profound impact on modern society, permeating nearly every aspect of our lives and economies. One aspect that is not as widely recognised as it should be is the transformation it is bringing about in world trade.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843437/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-trade_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Trade_S_iqzqpj.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843437/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-trade_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Trade_S_iqzqpj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843437/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-trade_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Trade_S_iqzqpj.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843437/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-trade_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Trade_S_iqzqpj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843437/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-trade_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Trade_S_iqzqpj.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b21a","name":"Richard Baldwin","slug":"richard-baldwin","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Richard Baldwin is Professor of International Economics at the IMD Business School in Lausanne, and Founder and Editor-in-Chief of the policy portal VoxEU.org. He regularly advises governments and international organisations on globalisation and trade policy issues. \nIn 1990-91 he served as a Senior Staff Economist for President George Bush's Council of Economic Advisors, having completed his PhD in economics at MIT with Paul Krugman (with whom he has published a half dozen articles). \nHis latest book, The Globotics Upheaval: Globalization, Robotics and the Future of Work, was published in February 2019, and translated into Japanese."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1723513526/gesda-platform/person/richard-baldwin_photo__Richard_Baldwin_li4ymc.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1723513526/gesda-platform/person/richard-baldwin_photo__Richard_Baldwin_li4ymc.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1723513526/gesda-platform/person/richard-baldwin_photo__Richard_Baldwin_li4ymc.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d543a1ff7123e8604dc8a6","path":"/nuclear-fusion-technology","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Fusion, often referred to as “putting the sun in a bottle”, could help meet our energy needs using nothing more than the hydrogen atoms found in seawater. Squeeze together two hydrogen atoms at a high enough temperature and pressure, and they fuse together, releasing vast amounts of energy. This is the process that powers the Sun.\n"},"slug":"the-future-of-fusion","name":"The Future of Fusion","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Fusion, often referred to as “putting the sun in a bottle”, could help meet our energy needs using nothing more than the hydrogen atoms found in seawater. Squeeze together two hydrogen atoms at a high enough temperature and pressure, and they fuse together, releasing vast amounts of energy. This is the process that powers the Sun.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843355/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-fusion_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Fusion_S_iedaiy.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843355/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-fusion_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Fusion_S_iedaiy.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843355/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-fusion_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Fusion_S_iedaiy.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843355/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-fusion_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Fusion_S_iedaiy.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843355/gesda-platform/page/the-future-of-fusion_thumbnail__IC-The_Future_of_Fusion_S_iedaiy.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66e0fb6d9a33e6de96c08a1f","name":"Ian Chapman","slug":"ian-chapman","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Professor Ian Chapman is a world leader in fusion energy. He is the current CEO of the UK Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA) and is also a former participant at LIYSF.\n\nProfessor Chapman joined UKAEA after receiving his M.Sc. in Mathematics and Physics from Durham University and subsequently obtaining a Ph.D. in plasma physics from Imperial College London. He rose in the organisation to become UKAEA’s Head of Tokamak Science in 2014. His research has been recognised with many international awards, including the American Physical Society Thomas H. Stix Award, the Institute of Physics Paterson Medal and the Royal Society Kavli Medal. He chairs the IAEA Fusion Research Committee.\n\nHe leads UK’s national research endeavors in advancing fusion experiments and developing related technologies, with the mission of delivering commercial fusion energy to the world. In addition to being part of the ITER collaboration, he has pioneered the UK’s new national fusion project to construct a smaller, more cost-effective tokamak with a more spherical shape and solved several important technical problems surrounding the design. The methods he proposed to improve plasma stability were adopted by ITER—the world’s largest fusion experiment with 35 participating countries—to optimize the design of their tokamak."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726020439/gesda-platform/person/ian-chapman_photo__Ian_Chapman_eq6vg3.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726020439/gesda-platform/person/ian-chapman_photo__Ian_Chapman_eq6vg3.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726020439/gesda-platform/person/ian-chapman_photo__Ian_Chapman_eq6vg3.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0fdaf9a33e6de96c08a6c","name":"Mike Porton","slug":"mike-porton","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Michael Porton’s engineering journey spans 18 years working at the edge of the possible, where disciplines meet and effective teams are the key to success.\n\nHighlights include unprecedented additive manufacturing with the ESA - European Space Agency, life-changing implantable medical device production at Abbott and leadership of the Joint European Torus as its Chief Engineer in preparation for its world-record campaigns. He has gained recognition by the UK Royal Academy of Engineering – winning its George Macfarlane Award.\n\nMike joined Tokamak Energy in 2022 as the Chief Engineer charged with leading the design and realisation of its next advanced tokamak device."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726021019/gesda-platform/person/mike-porton_photo__Mike_Porton_kggqaq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726021019/gesda-platform/person/mike-porton_photo__Mike_Porton_kggqaq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726021019/gesda-platform/person/mike-porton_photo__Mike_Porton_kggqaq.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0f42f9a33e6de96c0898f","name":"Ahmed Diallo","slug":"ahmed-diallo","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Ahmed Diallo is a Principal Research Physicist at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL). Diallo joined PPPL in 2009 and during his tenure, Diallo contributed in the development of advanced lasers, and other diagnostic techniques in support of extreme-ultraviolet sources for microelectronics, propulsion, and magnetic fusion plasma research. His research focus includes the understanding of the edge plasma dynamics of fusion devices. He also served as the Deputy Director for the public-private Innovation Network for Fusion Energy partnership, where he planned, directed, and evaluated research activities in partnership with national labs, universities, and private industries. Diallo was a recipient of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Early Career Research Program Award, was honored as a DOE Oppenheimer Fellow, and was named a PPPL Distinguished Research Fellow. Prior to his time at PPPL, Diallo served as a Research Fellow at the Australian National University, and as a Post-Doctoral Scientist at the Swiss Plasma Center at the Swiss Federal Technical Institute. He holds a Ph.D. in physics from the University of Iowa."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726018597/gesda-platform/person/ahmed-diallo_photo__Ahmed_Diallo_romyoz.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726018597/gesda-platform/person/ahmed-diallo_photo__Ahmed_Diallo_romyoz.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726018597/gesda-platform/person/ahmed-diallo_photo__Ahmed_Diallo_romyoz.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0f3679a33e6de96c08984","name":"Susana Reyes","slug":"susana-reyes","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Susana Reyes received the M.Sc. degree in power engineering from the Polytechnic University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, in 1998 and the Ph.D. degree in nuclear engineering from the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Madrid, in 2001.,She is a Nuclear Engineer with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), Livermore, CA, with more than ten years of experience in international projects. She is currently with the National Ignition Facility (NIF) and Photon Science Directorate, leading the safety and licensing activities for the Laser Inertial Fusion Energy project devoted to the development of fusion energy for peaceful purposes. From October 2006 to January 2010, she took a leave of absence from LLNL in order to join the ITER Organization, Cadarache, France, where she performed safety analyses in preparation for the ITER magnetic-fusion-energy facility licensing as a member of the organization's Nuclear Safety and Environment Division. Before joining ITER, she worked within LLNL's Fusion Energy Program, leading the analysis of the safety and environmental aspects of inertial fusion energy and being responsible for LLNL's involvement in the U.S. ITER Test Blanket Module program. She was also largely involved in neutronics and materials damage simulations in support of high energy accelerators and of NIF (laser inertial confinement facility in LLNL). Her current interests are focused on the safety and environmental aspects of future fusion-energy power plants."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726018395/gesda-platform/person/susana-reyes_photo__Susana_Reyes_j9xupu.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726018395/gesda-platform/person/susana-reyes_photo__Susana_Reyes_j9xupu.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726018395/gesda-platform/person/susana-reyes_photo__Susana_Reyes_j9xupu.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66d543ceff7123e8604dc8af","path":"/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Anticipation of scientific and technological breakthroughs is critical for enabling society and its legitimate decision-makers to craft inclusive, global solutions and progress toward sustainable futures. However, such techno-scientific anticipation is not enough by itself. It only makes sense when framed within more fundamental questions about humans, society and the planet — questions at the heart of the social sciences and humanities. We must also anticipate the future of these latter disciplines if we are to cope fully with the complexities of today and tomorrow.\n"},"slug":"future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities","name":"Future of Social Science and the Humanities","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Anticipation of scientific and technological breakthroughs is critical for enabling society and its legitimate decision-makers to craft inclusive, global solutions and progress toward sustainable futures. However, such techno-scientific anticipation is not enough by itself. It only makes sense when framed within more fundamental questions about humans, society and the planet — questions at the heart of the social sciences and humanities. We must also anticipate the future of these latter disciplines if we are to cope fully with the complexities of today and tomorrow.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727843235/gesda-platform/page/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities_thumbnail__IC-Future_of_Social_Science_and_the_Humanities_S_qfm4tx.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727843235/gesda-platform/page/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities_thumbnail__IC-Future_of_Social_Science_and_the_Humanities_S_qfm4tx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727843235/gesda-platform/page/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities_thumbnail__IC-Future_of_Social_Science_and_the_Humanities_S_qfm4tx.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727843235/gesda-platform/page/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities_thumbnail__IC-Future_of_Social_Science_and_the_Humanities_S_qfm4tx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727843235/gesda-platform/page/future-of-social-science-and-the-humanities_thumbnail__IC-Future_of_Social_Science_and_the_Humanities_S_qfm4tx.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[{"id":"66e0f7c89a33e6de96c089c9","name":"Yasuo Deguchi","slug":"yasuo-deguchi","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Yasuo Deguchi is Co-Chairperson of the Kyoto Institute of Philosophy and Dean and Professor of Philosophy of Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University. His research fields include modern and contemporary Western philosophy and analytic Asian philosophy. In recent years, he has been proposing “Self-as-We” as a perspective on humanity and society based on “incapability.”"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp"}}}}},{"id":"66e0fb1b9a33e6de96c08a18","name":"Markus Gabriel","slug":"markus-gabriel","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Markus Gabriel holds the Chair in Epistemology, Modern and Contemporary Philosophy at the University of Bonn, where he also directs the Center for Science and Thought and the International Center for Philosophy. In 2024, he was appointed Senior Global Advisor to the Kyoto Institute of Philosophy. His work spans the core areas of theoretical philosophy and increasingly engages with value theory, particularly the ethics of AI and other emerging technologies.  "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726020234/gesda-platform/person/markus-gabriel_photo__Gabriel_-_Vielmo_Kopie_fra4cr.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726020234/gesda-platform/person/markus-gabriel_photo__Gabriel_-_Vielmo_Kopie_fra4cr.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726020234/gesda-platform/person/markus-gabriel_photo__Gabriel_-_Vielmo_Kopie_fra4cr.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0fcde9a33e6de96c08a5d","name":"Jun Sawada","slug":"jun-sawada","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Mr Sawada, Chairman and Member of the Board of Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT), served as the Group’s President and Chief Executive Officer from 2018 until 2022.  In the latter role he oversaw significant NTT investment into the United Kingdom and made a major contribution to strengthening business ties between the UK and Japan, including through the establishment of the global headquarters of NTT Ltd in London in 2019.  The selection of London was a demonstration of confidence in the UK’s business environment and talent, and helped to influence wider investment into the UK from other players in the technology sector.\n\nUnder Mr Sawada’s leadership, NTT has made a major contribution to improving the skills of UK workers in areas of technology such as software development and Quality Assurance and Testing through apprenticeship schemes.  They also made an important contribution to the DRIVE project at Great Ormond Street Hospital, which is using the latest technology to provide safer, better and kinder care."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726020806/gesda-platform/person/jun-sawada_photo__Jun_Sawada_k6xpuj.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726020806/gesda-platform/person/jun-sawada_photo__Jun_Sawada_k6xpuj.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726020806/gesda-platform/person/jun-sawada_photo__Jun_Sawada_k6xpuj.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66e8ff348bd10096b1c4fbbd","path":"/current-edition/facts-and-figures","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® comprises 43 emerging topics spanning five Scientific Platforms. It presents the outcomes of four community-driven “pulses” on scientific emerging topics – the Pulses of Science, Diplomacy, Impact and Society.\n"},"slug":"facts-and-figures","name":"Facts and Figures","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® comprises 43 emerging topics spanning five Scientific Platforms. It presents the outcomes of four community-driven “pulses” on scientific emerging topics – the Pulses of Science, Diplomacy, Impact and Society.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760335449/gesda-platform/page/facts-and-figures_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-13_at_14.03.10_e2q0ot.png","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760335449/gesda-platform/page/facts-and-figures_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-13_at_14.03.10_e2q0ot.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760335449/gesda-platform/page/facts-and-figures_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-13_at_14.03.10_e2q0ot.png"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760335449/gesda-platform/page/facts-and-figures_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-13_at_14.03.10_e2q0ot.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760335449/gesda-platform/page/facts-and-figures_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-13_at_14.03.10_e2q0ot.png"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66e917478bd10096b1c51465","path":"/anticipating-the-future-of-research","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"October 2024 marks the release of the fourth annual edition of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar®, a unique and growing collection of data and insights about anticipated breakthroughs in science and technology. To develop and compile the Radar, GESDA has engaged with more than 2000 researchers across over 60 different fields of scientific, technological, social and diplomatic research.\n"},"slug":"anticipating-the-future-of-research","name":"Anticipating the Future of Research","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2024","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"October 2024 marks the release of the fourth annual edition of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar®, a unique and growing collection of data and insights about anticipated breakthroughs in science and technology. To develop and compile the Radar, GESDA has engaged with more than 2000 researchers across over 60 different fields of scientific, technological, social and diplomatic research.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726562913/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-future-of-research_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Future_of_Research_zkvd8a.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1726562913/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-future-of-research_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Future_of_Research_zkvd8a.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1726562913/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-future-of-research_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Future_of_Research_zkvd8a.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726562913/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-future-of-research_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Future_of_Research_zkvd8a.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726562913/gesda-platform/banner/banner-anticipating-the-future-of-research_thumbnail__Anticipating_the_Future_of_Research_zkvd8a.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1aa","name":"Martin Müller","slug":"martin-muller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Müller leads the science anticipation work at GESDA. As such, he is in close interaction with the global scientific community in order to understand what is cooking in the labs and how future breakthroughs will impact humanity and the planet. The continuously updated GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is the outcome of this anticipatory work.\n\nDr Müller has a long experience working at the interface between science, science policy and diplomacy. After an initial stay in academia and completing a doctoral degree in biomedical engineering, Dr Müller joined SwissCore – the Swiss Contact Office for Education, Research and Innovation (ERI) – in Brussels and worked at the interface of science, science policy and diplomacy, first as a research advisor and then as co-director. In this role, he helped shape the involvement and safeguard the influence of Swiss ERI organizations with respect to the European Union, its institutional bodies and related organisations, at a critical time in Swiss-EU relations. In addition, Mr Müller held leadership roles in pan-European science organizations, such as chair of the Science Europe working group on Horizon Europe, the EU’s €80 billion research and innovation programme, and coordinator of a large pan-European initiative on strategic planning and funding for research facilities. He joined GESDA in September 2019 as Executive Director of the Academic Forum. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b24d","name":"Sophie Gilbert","slug":"sophie-gilbert","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sophie Gilbert manages the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar®, an annual report anticipating advances in science and technology over the next 5, 10 and 25 years.\nShe joined GESDA from the Wellcome Trust, the world’s second-largest not-for-profit organisation dedicated to science and public health, where she managed a multi-million-pound research portfolio in the clinical and discovery life sciences. Before joining Wellcome, Sophie worked in academia, gaining her PhD in biochemistry from the University of Oxford.\nFollowing this, she spent time at Imperial College London and later University College London as a postdoctoral research associate, with research interests relating to stem cell development and genetics.\nSophie has a keen interest in translating scientific discoveries to a wide audience: she has authored an illustrated book on genetic modification for children and received a number of awards for outreach and communication during her time as an academic.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"66f9dc1d0c1d37f97d91e932","path":"/highlights-of-the-2024-edition","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"In spring 2024, GESDA hosted the second GESDA Villars Anticipation Workshop focussed on Eco-augmentation, following on from the inaugural Villars Anticipation Workshop on Neuro-augmentation in 2023. The success of this latest workshop, which brought together a diverse range of experts to discuss the accelerating ability of humans to deliberately use science to shape the environment, has solidified the GESDA Villars Anticipation Workshops as a key instrument for trans-disciplinary, multinational science anticipation.\n"},"slug":"highlights-of-the-2024-edition","name":"Highlights of the 2024 Edition","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Current Edition","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"In spring 2024, GESDA hosted the second GESDA Villars Anticipation Workshop focussed on Eco-augmentation, following on from the inaugural Villars Anticipation Workshop on Neuro-augmentation in 2023. The success of this latest workshop, which brought together a diverse range of experts to discuss the accelerating ability of humans to deliberately use science to shape the environment, has solidified the GESDA Villars Anticipation Workshops as a key instrument for trans-disciplinary, multinational science anticipation.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727682685/gesda-platform/banner/banner-executive-summary-top-trends-2024_thumbnail__Highlights_1_tr53jx.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1727682685/gesda-platform/banner/banner-executive-summary-top-trends-2024_thumbnail__Highlights_1_tr53jx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1727682685/gesda-platform/banner/banner-executive-summary-top-trends-2024_thumbnail__Highlights_1_tr53jx.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727682685/gesda-platform/banner/banner-executive-summary-top-trends-2024_thumbnail__Highlights_1_tr53jx.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727682685/gesda-platform/banner/banner-executive-summary-top-trends-2024_thumbnail__Highlights_1_tr53jx.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"66f4e42aa8246985f9a6811a","name":"Current Edition","slug":"current-edition"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68afe3051dec39db691bd9c6","path":"/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Many people think of the web, email, social media and other forms of digital communication as somewhat ephemeral — certainly not as weighty and solid as the books, letters, buildings and historical artefacts that make up our valued cultural history. But in fact, these material objects can be lost or destroyed, and while copying offers some protection, it is often laborious and imperfect. \n"},"slug":"the-challenges-of-digital-archiving","name":"The Challenges of Digital Archiving","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Many people think of the web, email, social media and other forms of digital communication as somewhat ephemeral — certainly not as weighty and solid as the books, letters, buildings and historical artefacts that make up our valued cultural history. But in fact, these material objects can be lost or destroyed, and while copying offers some protection, it is often laborious and imperfect. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756357160/gesda-platform/page/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving_thumbnail__TR-1.IC.1_The_Challenges_of_Digital_Archiving_1_vt6io0.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756357160/gesda-platform/page/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving_thumbnail__TR-1.IC.1_The_Challenges_of_Digital_Archiving_1_vt6io0.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756357160/gesda-platform/page/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving_thumbnail__TR-1.IC.1_The_Challenges_of_Digital_Archiving_1_vt6io0.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756357160/gesda-platform/page/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving_thumbnail__TR-1.IC.1_The_Challenges_of_Digital_Archiving_1_vt6io0.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756357160/gesda-platform/page/the-challenges-of-digital-archiving_thumbnail__TR-1.IC.1_The_Challenges_of_Digital_Archiving_1_vt6io0.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68afe7f01dec39db691bd9d5","path":"/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"AI is transforming science, markets and human capability — yet its most profound impact may lie in how it compels us to reimagine the principles and institutions by which we govern it. The future of AI is not only a technical question. It is fundamentally a normative and institutional one.\n"},"slug":"artificial-intelligence-and-the-law","name":"Artificial Intelligence and the Law","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"AI is transforming science, markets and human capability — yet its most profound impact may lie in how it compels us to reimagine the principles and institutions by which we govern it. The future of AI is not only a technical question. It is fundamentally a normative and institutional one.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756357818/gesda-platform/banner/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law-2025_image__TR-1.IC.2_Artificial_Intelligence_and_the_Law_yjftn2.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756357818/gesda-platform/banner/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law-2025_image__TR-1.IC.2_Artificial_Intelligence_and_the_Law_yjftn2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756357818/gesda-platform/banner/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law-2025_image__TR-1.IC.2_Artificial_Intelligence_and_the_Law_yjftn2.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756357818/gesda-platform/banner/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law-2025_image__TR-1.IC.2_Artificial_Intelligence_and_the_Law_yjftn2.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756357818/gesda-platform/banner/artificial-intelligence-and-the-law-2025_image__TR-1.IC.2_Artificial_Intelligence_and_the_Law_yjftn2.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68afebc81dec39db691bd9e3","path":"/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Creativity is at the core of innovation. It infuses scientific and technological progress, along with hard work, an abundance of failure punctuated by occasional success, and a good provision of luck. To support innovation, creators’ moral and material rights have been generally recognised in law since the 1886 adoption of the Berne Convention and subsequently enshrined in international human-rights law under article 27.2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. So, too, has the freedom of scientific and creative pursuit been recognised, under article 27.1.\n"},"slug":"creators-rights-in-the-digital-age","name":"Creators' Rights in the Digital Age","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86d","name":"Quantum Revolution & Advanced AI","color":{"value":"#693973"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Creativity is at the core of innovation. It infuses scientific and technological progress, along with hard work, an abundance of failure punctuated by occasional success, and a good provision of luck. To support innovation, creators’ moral and material rights have been generally recognised in law since the 1886 adoption of the Berne Convention and subsequently enshrined in international human-rights law under article 27.2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. So, too, has the freedom of scientific and creative pursuit been recognised, under article 27.1.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756359179/gesda-platform/banner/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age-2025_image__TR-1.IC.3_Creator_s_Rights_in_the_Digital_Age_qglbrf.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756359179/gesda-platform/banner/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age-2025_image__TR-1.IC.3_Creator_s_Rights_in_the_Digital_Age_qglbrf.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756359179/gesda-platform/banner/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age-2025_image__TR-1.IC.3_Creator_s_Rights_in_the_Digital_Age_qglbrf.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756359179/gesda-platform/banner/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age-2025_image__TR-1.IC.3_Creator_s_Rights_in_the_Digital_Age_qglbrf.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756359179/gesda-platform/banner/creators-rights-in-the-digital-age-2025_image__TR-1.IC.3_Creator_s_Rights_in_the_Digital_Age_qglbrf.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68afef971dec39db691bda13","path":"/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Ecosystems around the world are in trouble. In some cases, they might recover if given sufficient time. In others, it seems unlikely that they can do so, at least within an acceptable timeframe. Critical parts of the system may have been severely damaged or lost altogether. That has turned attention to eco-augmentation — the idea that humans should actively attempt to restore or enhance the functioning of an ecosystem.\n"},"slug":"assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration","name":"Assisted Evolution and Ecosystem Restoration","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86a","name":"Eco-Regeneration & Geoengineering","color":{"value":"#0AA288"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Ecosystems around the world are in trouble. In some cases, they might recover if given sufficient time. In others, it seems unlikely that they can do so, at least within an acceptable timeframe. Critical parts of the system may have been severely damaged or lost altogether. That has turned attention to eco-augmentation — the idea that humans should actively attempt to restore or enhance the functioning of an ecosystem.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756360127/gesda-platform/banner/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration_image__TR3.IC.1_Assisted_Evolution_and_Ecosystem_Restoration_n3qvuz.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756360127/gesda-platform/banner/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration_image__TR3.IC.1_Assisted_Evolution_and_Ecosystem_Restoration_n3qvuz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756360127/gesda-platform/banner/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration_image__TR3.IC.1_Assisted_Evolution_and_Ecosystem_Restoration_n3qvuz.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756360127/gesda-platform/banner/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration_image__TR3.IC.1_Assisted_Evolution_and_Ecosystem_Restoration_n3qvuz.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756360127/gesda-platform/banner/assisted-evolution-and-ecosystem-restoration_image__TR3.IC.1_Assisted_Evolution_and_Ecosystem_Restoration_n3qvuz.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68aff2931dec39db691bda25","path":"/the-world-needs-a-new-diplomatics","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Diplomacy is a ubiquitous practice of communities in contact. It is a vital catalyst of the human experience across time and space. Today the “Westphalian system” dominates diplomatic practices. It emerged from the “peace of Westphalia” that concluded the Central European Thirty Years’ War in 1648 and relies on concepts of the sovereignty of nation states, of rigid territorial boundaries and of contractual means of diplomacy. Related practices spread throughout the world with European hegemony and colonialism.\n"},"slug":"the-world-needs-a-new-diplomatics","name":"The World Needs a New Diplomatics","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Diplomacy is a ubiquitous practice of communities in contact. It is a vital catalyst of the human experience across time and space. Today the “Westphalian system” dominates diplomatic practices. It emerged from the “peace of Westphalia” that concluded the Central European Thirty Years’ War in 1648 and relies on concepts of the sovereignty of nation states, of rigid territorial boundaries and of contractual means of diplomacy. Related practices spread throughout the world with European hegemony and colonialism.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756363293/gesda-platform/banner/the-world-needs-a-new-dilpomatics_image__TR-4.IC1_The_World_Needs_a_New_Diplomatics_qtxhah.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756363293/gesda-platform/banner/the-world-needs-a-new-dilpomatics_image__TR-4.IC1_The_World_Needs_a_New_Diplomatics_qtxhah.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756363293/gesda-platform/banner/the-world-needs-a-new-dilpomatics_image__TR-4.IC1_The_World_Needs_a_New_Diplomatics_qtxhah.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756363293/gesda-platform/banner/the-world-needs-a-new-dilpomatics_image__TR-4.IC1_The_World_Needs_a_New_Diplomatics_qtxhah.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756363293/gesda-platform/banner/the-world-needs-a-new-dilpomatics_image__TR-4.IC1_The_World_Needs_a_New_Diplomatics_qtxhah.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b0003d1dec39db691bda40","path":"/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"How can the human and social sciences — the humanities — respond to the wide-ranging transformations in our understanding of what it means to be human in a post-human age? By post-human I mean a time in which the non-linear intersections of advanced technologies, fast environmental degradation and rising socio-economic inequalities are converging. It is a challenging time, full of threats but also opportunities: within advanced capitalist economics, we find ourselves in a changing world order where capitalism no longer necessarily coincides with liberal democracies. Furthermore, the intersection of acute climate crisis and species depletion on the one hand, and the enhancement of all living entities, human and non-human, through technological mediation on the other hand, brings to the fore the tensions of both post-humanism and post-anthropocentrism. We are living through the decentring of “man”, both as the referent for all humans and as the dominant species. \n"},"slug":"affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities","name":"Affirmative Ethics and the New Humanities","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"How can the human and social sciences — the humanities — respond to the wide-ranging transformations in our understanding of what it means to be human in a post-human age? By post-human I mean a time in which the non-linear intersections of advanced technologies, fast environmental degradation and rising socio-economic inequalities are converging. It is a challenging time, full of threats but also opportunities: within advanced capitalist economics, we find ourselves in a changing world order where capitalism no longer necessarily coincides with liberal democracies. Furthermore, the intersection of acute climate crisis and species depletion on the one hand, and the enhancement of all living entities, human and non-human, through technological mediation on the other hand, brings to the fore the tensions of both post-humanism and post-anthropocentrism. We are living through the decentring of “man”, both as the referent for all humans and as the dominant species. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756364808/gesda-platform/banner/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities_image__TR-4.IC2_Affirmative_Ethics_and_the_New_Humanities_znrk4i.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756364808/gesda-platform/banner/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities_image__TR-4.IC2_Affirmative_Ethics_and_the_New_Humanities_znrk4i.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756364808/gesda-platform/banner/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities_image__TR-4.IC2_Affirmative_Ethics_and_the_New_Humanities_znrk4i.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756364808/gesda-platform/banner/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities_image__TR-4.IC2_Affirmative_Ethics_and_the_New_Humanities_znrk4i.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756364808/gesda-platform/banner/affirmative-ethics-and-the-new-humanities_image__TR-4.IC2_Affirmative_Ethics_and_the_New_Humanities_znrk4i.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b000aa1dec39db691bda4f","path":"/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Simon Marvin, Professor of Geography, Urban Institute, University of Sheffield, UK\nUrban neurotechnology refers to the integration of brain-sensing tools into everyday urban settings, where mental states are monitored, interpreted and optimised as resources for shaping behaviour, performance and well-being. Cities have rapidly become test beds for these systems, shifting neurotech from controlled clinics to the messiness of workplaces, classrooms and transit systems. Devices such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neural sensors create an ecosystem that senses and responds at the cognitive level. This urbanisation of neurotechnology marks a profound yet still under-explored sociotechnical transformation.\n"},"slug":"the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology","name":"The Challenges of Urban Neurotechnology","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Simon Marvin, Professor of Geography, Urban Institute, University of Sheffield, UK\nUrban neurotechnology refers to the integration of brain-sensing tools into everyday urban settings, where mental states are monitored, interpreted and optimised as resources for shaping behaviour, performance and well-being. Cities have rapidly become test beds for these systems, shifting neurotech from controlled clinics to the messiness of workplaces, classrooms and transit systems. Devices such as brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) and neural sensors create an ecosystem that senses and responds at the cognitive level. This urbanisation of neurotechnology marks a profound yet still under-explored sociotechnical transformation.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756364916/gesda-platform/banner/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology_image__TR-4.IC3_The_Challenges_of_Urban_Neurotechnology_espqwh.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756364916/gesda-platform/banner/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology_image__TR-4.IC3_The_Challenges_of_Urban_Neurotechnology_espqwh.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756364916/gesda-platform/banner/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology_image__TR-4.IC3_The_Challenges_of_Urban_Neurotechnology_espqwh.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756364916/gesda-platform/banner/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology_image__TR-4.IC3_The_Challenges_of_Urban_Neurotechnology_espqwh.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756364916/gesda-platform/banner/the-challenges-of-urban-neurotechnology_image__TR-4.IC3_The_Challenges_of_Urban_Neurotechnology_espqwh.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b534fc7312fb6a6bc1a5b7","path":"/experimental-museology","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"GESDA prides itself on working as a “do tank” as well as a think tank. To illustrate GESDA’s commitment to this active philosophy, we present here, at the beginning of the 2026 Radar, a report on our ambitious and unprecedented experiment in public science engagement: the Geneva Public Portal to Anticipation. This is part of our “Pulse of Society” initiative, which explores public engagement with science and technology.\n"},"slug":"experimental-museology","name":"Experimental Museology","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Invited Contribution","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"GESDA prides itself on working as a “do tank” as well as a think tank. To illustrate GESDA’s commitment to this active philosophy, we present here, at the beginning of the 2026 Radar, a report on our ambitious and unprecedented experiment in public science engagement: the Geneva Public Portal to Anticipation. This is part of our “Pulse of Society” initiative, which explores public engagement with science and technology.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756789635/gesda-platform/banner/experimental-museology_image__INT-09_Experimental_Museology_Invited_contribution_for_Pulse_of_Society_nlfbhn.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756789635/gesda-platform/banner/experimental-museology_image__INT-09_Experimental_Museology_Invited_contribution_for_Pulse_of_Society_nlfbhn.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756789635/gesda-platform/banner/experimental-museology_image__INT-09_Experimental_Museology_Invited_contribution_for_Pulse_of_Society_nlfbhn.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756789635/gesda-platform/banner/experimental-museology_image__INT-09_Experimental_Museology_Invited_contribution_for_Pulse_of_Society_nlfbhn.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756789635/gesda-platform/banner/experimental-museology_image__INT-09_Experimental_Museology_Invited_contribution_for_Pulse_of_Society_nlfbhn.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b069","name":"Invited Contribution","slug":"invited-contribution"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b67ff0f16db0c877ddb09c","path":"/philosophy-lens-planetarised-humanity","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Future science and technology breakthroughs will radically transform the most basic features of our reality. These transformations will challenge our fundamental assumptions about what it means to be a human, how we can live together as societies and in a sustainable relationship with the planet. Anticipating the corresponding conceptual disruptions is essential to integrate these advances with human values and societal needs across disciplines and sectors. Drawing on GESDA’s “Planetarised Humanity” as a framework to capture this accelerating socio-technological co-evolution, leading philosophers address our three fundamental questions in the Philosophy Lens: Who are we as humans? How can we live together as societies? How can we ensure a sustainable future for the planet?\n"},"slug":"planetarised-humanity-rethinking-our-human-condition-for-a-shared-planetary-future","name":"Planetarised Humanity: Rethinking our Human Condition for a Shared Planetary Future","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Future science and technology breakthroughs will radically transform the most basic features of our reality. These transformations will challenge our fundamental assumptions about what it means to be a human, how we can live together as societies and in a sustainable relationship with the planet. Anticipating the corresponding conceptual disruptions is essential to integrate these advances with human values and societal needs across disciplines and sectors. Drawing on GESDA’s “Planetarised Humanity” as a framework to capture this accelerating socio-technological co-evolution, leading philosophers address our three fundamental questions in the Philosophy Lens: Who are we as humans? How can we live together as societies? How can we ensure a sustainable future for the planet?\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756790668/gesda-platform/banner/planetarised-humanity-philosophy-lens_image__TR-5.Lens_Planetarised_Humanity_icitfj.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756790668/gesda-platform/banner/planetarised-humanity-philosophy-lens_image__TR-5.Lens_Planetarised_Humanity_icitfj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756790668/gesda-platform/banner/planetarised-humanity-philosophy-lens_image__TR-5.Lens_Planetarised_Humanity_icitfj.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756790668/gesda-platform/banner/planetarised-humanity-philosophy-lens_image__TR-5.Lens_Planetarised_Humanity_icitfj.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756790668/gesda-platform/banner/planetarised-humanity-philosophy-lens_image__TR-5.Lens_Planetarised_Humanity_icitfj.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b136","name":"Herman Cappelen","slug":"herman-cappelen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Herman Cappelen is a Chair Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong. He is the Director of the AI & Humanity Lab at HKU, the Director of IDEAS (part of the Institute of Data Science at HKU), the Director of the MA programme in AI, Ethics, and Society, and the Coordinator of a new part of the Common Core devoted to artificial intelligence. Professor Cappelen is the author or co-author of eleven influential monographs and more than 50 highly cited papers. His research spans many areas of philosophy, with much of his recent work focusing on issues in the philosophy of AI. He has written about the linguistic and cognitive capacities of AI, existential risks from AI, and the possibility of explainable and interpretable AI. His first book on AI is titled *Making AI Intelligible: Philosophical Perspectives* (Oxford University Press, 2024)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0e4869a33e6de96c087cf","name":"Orit Halpern","slug":"orit-halpern","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Orit Halpern is a Lighthouse Professor and the Chair of Digital Cultures at Technische Universität Dresden. Her research is on histories of cybernetics, design, and artificial intelligence. She is currently working on two projects. The first is a history of automating decision making and the second examines the history of experimentation at planetary scales in design, science, and engineering. Her most recent book with Robert Mitchell  is titled *The Smartness Mandate* (MIT Press, 2023). It examines how we have come to believe that digital computing is essential to human survival, and how “smart” technologies and ideologies are remaking planetary futures.  She is also the director of the Digital Cultures Research Group and  co-director of The Schauffler Lab;  two groups bridging the arts, environmental sciences, media, and the social sciences in the interest of re-imagining technological futures."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"67c7ce03a311921ae7f533e4","name":"David Ludwig","slug":"david-ludwig","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"David Ludwig is a transdisciplinary researcher and philosopher focused on questions of social-environmental change and global science policy. He is an associate professor at the Knowledge, Technology, and Innovation (KTI) Group of Wageningen University and Research (WUR). He is also a Principal Investigator of the Global Epistemologies and Ontologies (GEOS) project that investigates foundational questions of inclusive and community-based science through action research in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America. Core Books: *Transformative Transdisciplinarity. An Introduction to Community-Based Philosophy* (Oxford University Press, 2025); *Global Epistemologies and Philosophies of Science* (Routledge, 2021) and *Implementing responsible research and innovation: Organisational and national conditions* (Springer, 2021)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1741147636/gesda-platform/person/david-ludwig_photo__David_Ludwig_2023_k7ebuk.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1741147636/gesda-platform/person/david-ludwig_photo__David_Ludwig_2023_k7ebuk.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1741147636/gesda-platform/person/david-ludwig_photo__David_Ludwig_2023_k7ebuk.png"}}}}},{"id":"66e0f7c89a33e6de96c089c9","name":"Yasuo Deguchi","slug":"yasuo-deguchi","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Yasuo Deguchi is Co-Chairperson of the Kyoto Institute of Philosophy and Dean and Professor of Philosophy of Graduate School of Letters, Kyoto University. His research fields include modern and contemporary Western philosophy and analytic Asian philosophy. In recent years, he has been proposing “Self-as-We” as a perspective on humanity and society based on “incapability.”"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019502/gesda-platform/person/yasuo-deguchi_photo__Deguchi-Yasuo_pdws2e.webp"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b680f2f16db0c877ddb0b1","path":"/planetarised-humanity-a-new-era-for-humankind","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Humanity has reached a critical juncture. Our societies are globally interconnected, technologically integrated and environmentally challenged, and our world is characterised by complex networks that integrate human and non-human entities. This is leading to socioeconomic and technological co-evolution at an unprecedentedly rapid pace and an unprecedently large scale.\n"},"slug":"planetarised-humanity-a-new-era-for-humankind","name":"Planetarised Humanity: A New Era for Humankind","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86c","name":"Knowledge Foundations","color":{"value":"#292929"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Humanity has reached a critical juncture. Our societies are globally interconnected, technologically integrated and environmentally challenged, and our world is characterised by complex networks that integrate human and non-human entities. This is leading to socioeconomic and technological co-evolution at an unprecedentedly rapid pace and an unprecedently large scale.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1756790926/gesda-platform/banner/deep-dive-planetarised-humanity-2025_image__TR-5.DD_Planetarised_Humanity_1_lzyitd.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1756790926/gesda-platform/banner/deep-dive-planetarised-humanity-2025_image__TR-5.DD_Planetarised_Humanity_1_lzyitd.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1756790926/gesda-platform/banner/deep-dive-planetarised-humanity-2025_image__TR-5.DD_Planetarised_Humanity_1_lzyitd.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1756790926/gesda-platform/banner/deep-dive-planetarised-humanity-2025_image__TR-5.DD_Planetarised_Humanity_1_lzyitd.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1756790926/gesda-platform/banner/deep-dive-planetarised-humanity-2025_image__TR-5.DD_Planetarised_Humanity_1_lzyitd.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"67c7c71aa311921ae7f53360","name":"Wiebke Denecke","slug":"wiebke-denecke","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Wiebke Denecke is the S. C. Fang Professor of Chinese Language and Culture, and Professor of East Asian Literatures at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Her expertise encompasses the literary and philosophical traditions of China, Japan and Korea, comparative studies of East Asia and the premodern world, world literature, the politics of cultural heritage and memory, and the transformation of the Humanities in an age of STEM. Denecke’s publications include *The Dynamics of Masters Literature: Early Chinese Thought from Confucius to Han Feizi*, *Classical World Literatures: Sino-Japanese and Greco-Roman Comparisons*, *The Norton Anthology of World Literature*, *The Wiley-Blackwell Companion to World Literature*, *The Oxford Handbook of Classical Chinese Literature*, a three-volume literary history of Japan from an East Asian perspective (Nihon “bun”gakushi. A New History of Japanese “Letterature”; in Japanese), and *Shared Pasts for Shared Futures: Prototyping a Comparative Global Humanities* (special issue of History of Humanities). Denecke is the Founding Editor-in-Chief of *The Hsu-Tang Library of Classical Chinese Literature* which features smartly scholarly and eminently readable bilingual translations of East Asia's literary, philosophical, and religious heritage. Denecke is Faculty Lead for the MIT Comparative Global Humanities Initiative, a world-wide research-and-action community based at MIT. It promotes the global transformation of the humanities based on millennia of human experience on our planet, and aims to equip students and future leaders with humanistic values and critical understanding of the world, and brings stakeholders from across academia, the public sector and society together to work towards a shared future in challenging times."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1741145947/gesda-platform/person/wiebke-denecke_photo__wdenecke-960_jzk0io.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1741145947/gesda-platform/person/wiebke-denecke_photo__wdenecke-960_jzk0io.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1741145947/gesda-platform/person/wiebke-denecke_photo__wdenecke-960_jzk0io.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b136","name":"Herman Cappelen","slug":"herman-cappelen","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Herman Cappelen is a Chair Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong. He is the Director of the AI & Humanity Lab at HKU, the Director of IDEAS (part of the Institute of Data Science at HKU), the Director of the MA programme in AI, Ethics, and Society, and the Coordinator of a new part of the Common Core devoted to artificial intelligence. Professor Cappelen is the author or co-author of eleven influential monographs and more than 50 highly cited papers. His research spans many areas of philosophy, with much of his recent work focusing on issues in the philosophy of AI. He has written about the linguistic and cognitive capacities of AI, existential risks from AI, and the possibility of explainable and interpretable AI. His first book on AI is titled *Making AI Intelligible: Philosophical Perspectives* (Oxford University Press, 2024)."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1695011562/gesda-23/person/herman-cappelen_photo__herman-cappelen_hzbkjj.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"67c7db71c4971900e958b92f","name":"Rachel Sterken","slug":"rachel-sterken","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Rachel Sterken is Associate Professor of Philosophy, Chairperson of the Philosophy Department, and Associate Dean (Postgraduate) in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Hong Kong. Prior to joining HKU, she was Associate Professor at the University of Oslo. Her main research interests are in social epistemology, philosophy of language and communication, conceptual ethics, philosophy and ethics of information/data, and philosophy of technology. Her work is published in leading philosophy journals and presses such as *Philosopher’s Imprint*, *Philosophical Studies*, and *Journal of Ethics* and *Social Philosophy*. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1741150518/gesda-platform/person/rachel-sterken_photo__rachel-sterken-photo_urhvmy.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1741150518/gesda-platform/person/rachel-sterken_photo__rachel-sterken-photo_urhvmy.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1741150518/gesda-platform/person/rachel-sterken_photo__rachel-sterken-photo_urhvmy.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"66e0e4869a33e6de96c087cf","name":"Orit Halpern","slug":"orit-halpern","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Orit Halpern is a Lighthouse Professor and the Chair of Digital Cultures at Technische Universität Dresden. Her research is on histories of cybernetics, design, and artificial intelligence. She is currently working on two projects. The first is a history of automating decision making and the second examines the history of experimentation at planetary scales in design, science, and engineering. Her most recent book with Robert Mitchell  is titled *The Smartness Mandate* (MIT Press, 2023). It examines how we have come to believe that digital computing is essential to human survival, and how “smart” technologies and ideologies are remaking planetary futures.  She is also the director of the Digital Cultures Research Group and  co-director of The Schauffler Lab;  two groups bridging the arts, environmental sciences, media, and the social sciences in the interest of re-imagining technological futures."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726014455/gesda-platform/person/orit-halpern_photo__Orit_Halpern_eu62vq.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b68730f16db0c877ddb0c5","path":"/current-edition/2026-executive-summary-and-highlights","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"The fifth edition of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® employs GESDA’s unique science-anticipation methodology, implemented in collaboration with leading researchers from around the world, to provide brand-new perspectives on the trends anticipated in science and technology development over the next 5, 10 and 25 years.\n"},"slug":"2026-executive-summary-and-highlights","name":"2026 Executive Summary and Highlights","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Page","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"The fifth edition of the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar® employs GESDA’s unique science-anticipation methodology, implemented in collaboration with leading researchers from around the world, to provide brand-new perspectives on the trends anticipated in science and technology development over the next 5, 10 and 25 years.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760339185/gesda-platform/banner/executive-summary-2026_image__Executive_Summary_-_Highlights_of_the_2026_edition_2026_usmvv1.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760339185/gesda-platform/banner/executive-summary-2026_image__Executive_Summary_-_Highlights_of_the_2026_edition_2026_usmvv1.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760339185/gesda-platform/banner/executive-summary-2026_image__Executive_Summary_-_Highlights_of_the_2026_edition_2026_usmvv1.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760339185/gesda-platform/banner/executive-summary-2026_image__Executive_Summary_-_Highlights_of_the_2026_edition_2026_usmvv1.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760339185/gesda-platform/banner/executive-summary-2026_image__Executive_Summary_-_Highlights_of_the_2026_edition_2026_usmvv1.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698aff9","path":"/current-edition","slug":"current-edition","name":"Current Edition"},"types":[],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b6ed5ef16db0c877ddb73c","path":"/augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Ageing is a complex and time-dependent decline in physiological function that drives both morbidity and mortality. Until recently, medical science treated it as an inevitable and largely untreatable process, but this view is increasingly being challenged. The field of longevity science is uncovering the underlying mechanisms that drive ageing and developing interventions that can slow down or even partially reverse them. Rather than focusing solely on treating diseases associated with ageing, the goal is to delay or prevent their onset and extend the number of years that people spend in good health.\n"},"slug":"augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing","name":"Augmenting Sleep to Slow Down Biological Ageing","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86b","name":"Human Augmentation","color":{"value":"#078694"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Ageing is a complex and time-dependent decline in physiological function that drives both morbidity and mortality. Until recently, medical science treated it as an inevitable and largely untreatable process, but this view is increasingly being challenged. The field of longevity science is uncovering the underlying mechanisms that drive ageing and developing interventions that can slow down or even partially reverse them. Rather than focusing solely on treating diseases associated with ageing, the goal is to delay or prevent their onset and extend the number of years that people spend in good health.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760361233/gesda-platform/banner/tr-2-dd-1-augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing-2026_image__TR2.DD.1_Augmenting_Sleep_to_Slow_Down_Biological_Ageing_hfjx0r.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760361233/gesda-platform/banner/tr-2-dd-1-augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing-2026_image__TR2.DD.1_Augmenting_Sleep_to_Slow_Down_Biological_Ageing_hfjx0r.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760361233/gesda-platform/banner/tr-2-dd-1-augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing-2026_image__TR2.DD.1_Augmenting_Sleep_to_Slow_Down_Biological_Ageing_hfjx0r.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760361233/gesda-platform/banner/tr-2-dd-1-augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing-2026_image__TR2.DD.1_Augmenting_Sleep_to_Slow_Down_Biological_Ageing_hfjx0r.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760361233/gesda-platform/banner/tr-2-dd-1-augmenting-sleep-to-slow-down-biological-ageing-2026_image__TR2.DD.1_Augmenting_Sleep_to_Slow_Down_Biological_Ageing_hfjx0r.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"67dc2fb3746707e83ea48131","name":"Nici Wenderoth","slug":"nici-wenderoth","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Nicole Wenderoth is professor for Neural Control of Movement in the department of Health Sciences and Technology at ETH Zurich – the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich. She also serves as director of the Institute for Human Movement Sciences and Sport at ETH Zurich.\nIn Singapore, Prof. Wenderoth leads the Future Health Technology (FHT) programme at the Singapore-ETH Centre (SEC) as its founding director. The FHT is developing a mobile health technology concept with the aim of transforming the healthcare system towards a community-based and patient-centric model. To achieve this, the FHT will work closely with NUS, NTU, and DukeNUS, as well as Singapore-based clinical partners and government agencies.\nProf. Wenderoth actively pursues translation with the aim to deliver evidence-based concepts and technology for improving rehabilitation training in special populations, such as children with developmental disorders or adult stroke sufferers. Her lab in ETH Zurich works on systems neuroscience with an emphasis on neuromotor control, by developing non-invasive interfaces for measuring and modulating neural processes in the healthy and disordered human brain. In FHT, Prof. Wenderoth is one of the principal investigators developing new Connected Rehabilitation Technology and Assistive Devices.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1742483347/gesda-platform/person/nici-wenderoth_photo__Picture28_hy4zre.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1742483347/gesda-platform/person/nici-wenderoth_photo__Picture28_hy4zre.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1742483347/gesda-platform/person/nici-wenderoth_photo__Picture28_hy4zre.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"67dc2764746707e83ea48064","name":"Caroline Lustenberger","slug":"caroline-lustenberger","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Caroline Lustenberger is a neuroscientist, author, and lecturer at ETH Zurich, where she leads the Sleep Lab within the Neural Control of Movement Lab. Caroline earned her PhD from ETH Zurich and conducted postdoctoral research at both UNC Chapel Hill (USA) and ETH Zurich, where she developed innovative closed-loop EEG systems for modulating sleep and behaviour. Supported by various prestigious grants, including the SNSF Ambizione career grant, she established her own research group to further advance her work on sleep modulation and health and regularly publishes in leading scientific journals.\nHer research explores how sleep-related brain oscillations support recovery processes in the brain and body, such as cardiovascular functions. She combines advanced assessment methods, closed-loop neuromodulation, and wearable technologies in humans to pioneer new approaches to understanding and enhancing sleep. By bridging rigorous laboratory studies with real-world applications, her work aims to develop transformative interventions for health and well-being across the life- and healthspan.\nCaroline is also the co-founder of the Herencia initiative, which combines research, healthcare, and social entrepreneurship to accelerate Alzheimer’s biomarker and treatment development within a unique genetic cohort in Colombia.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1742481212/gesda-platform/person/caroline-lustenberger_photo__Picture16_dfjqor.png","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1742481212/gesda-platform/person/caroline-lustenberger_photo__Picture16_dfjqor.png","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1742481212/gesda-platform/person/caroline-lustenberger_photo__Picture16_dfjqor.png"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b0b9","name":"Brian Kennedy","slug":"brian-kennedy","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr. Brian Kennedy is a Distinguished Professor in the Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology and serves as the Director of the Healthy Longevity Translational Research Programme and the Bia-Echo Asia Centre for Reproductive Longevity and Equality, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore. In addition, he is also the Director of the Centre for Healthy Longevity, National University Health System. Collectively, NUS ageing research seeks to demonstrate that longevity interventions can be successfully employed in humans to extend healthspan, the disease-free and highly functional period of life.\nDr. Kennedy’s research has been focused on delineating mechanisms driving biological aging and identifying interventions that extend healthspan and lifespan. His work was instrumental in uncovering roles for Sirtuins and the mTOR pathway in regulating aging. More recently, he has also focused on aging biomarker development. \nFrom 2010 to 2016, Dr. Kennedy was the President and CEO of the Buck Institute for Research on Aging and he maintained a professorship there through 2020. Dr. Kennedy has an adjunct appointment in the Department of Biochemistry at the University of Washington, where he was a faculty member from 2001 to 2010, and at the Davis School of Gerontology at USC. His Ph.D. was performed in the laboratory of Leonard Guarente at M.I.T., where he published the first paper linking Sirtuins to aging.\nDr. Kennedy served as Co-Editor-In-Chief at Aging Cell from 2011-2021 and has a long track record of collaboration with scientists in China, where he was a Visiting Professor at the Aging Research Institute at Guangdong Medical College from 2009 to 2014. \n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1726019264/gesda-platform/person/brian-kennedy_photo__Brian_kennedy_fatgup.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1726019264/gesda-platform/person/brian-kennedy_photo__Brian_kennedy_fatgup.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1726019264/gesda-platform/person/brian-kennedy_photo__Brian_kennedy_fatgup.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"67dc2dd7746707e83ea480be","name":"Vincenzo Sorrentino","slug":"vincenzo-sorrentino","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Vincenzo Sorrentino is an Italian-born scientist in the fields of aging, mitochondrial biology and neuromuscular degeneration. He obtained his PhD Cum Laude at the University of Amsterdam, in the lab of Prof. Noam Zelcer, on LDL-cholesterol regulation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system, with publications including in European Heart Journal and Circulation Research. Subsequently, he moved to Lausanne, Switzerland, for his postdoctoral research in Prof. Johan Auwerx’s lab at the EPFL. His work there focused on the understanding of mitochondria and NAD+ metabolism in neurodegeneration and muscle aging, with his research discoveries on Alzheimer’s disease and muscle aging published in Nature (2017) and Cell Reports (2021). He then obtained a position as Group Leader at the Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences in Lausanne, to lead research focused on integrating basic discoveries on nutraceuticals and their effects on mitochondria and protein homeostasis with their translation into novel clinical applications. Since December 2022, he is an Assistant Professor at the NUS with the Dept. of Biochemistry and the Healthy Longevity TRP, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, to continue to develop his research on how metabolism, nutrition and proteostasis are linked and impact on health and aging."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1742482850/gesda-platform/person/vincenzo-sorrentino_photo__Picture22_kfwwvo.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1742482850/gesda-platform/person/vincenzo-sorrentino_photo__Picture22_kfwwvo.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1742482850/gesda-platform/person/vincenzo-sorrentino_photo__Picture22_kfwwvo.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68b6f57bf16db0c877ddb742","path":"/the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"Following decades of relatively free trade and aggressive globalisation during which economic growth arguably reigned supreme as a foreign-policy objective, geopolitics is dramatically altering the landscape of the global economic and financial system in ways not seen since the 1930s. So pronounced is the shift that a term is being revived to describe it: “geoeconomics”. This describes the use of economic tools to advance geopolitical objectives. Leveraging tariffs, exports controls and sanctions, states today seek to control key nodes in critical sectors to maintain or achieve hegemonic dominance.\n"},"slug":"geopolitics-lens-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology","name":"Geopolitics lens: The Geopolitics of Science and Technology","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2025","trend":{"id":"65c55d5c9e947c438698b86e","name":"Science & Diplomacy","color":{"value":"#F5A83B"}},"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"Following decades of relatively free trade and aggressive globalisation during which economic growth arguably reigned supreme as a foreign-policy objective, geopolitics is dramatically altering the landscape of the global economic and financial system in ways not seen since the 1930s. So pronounced is the shift that a term is being revived to describe it: “geoeconomics”. This describes the use of economic tools to advance geopolitical objectives. Leveraging tariffs, exports controls and sanctions, states today seek to control key nodes in critical sectors to maintain or achieve hegemonic dominance.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760330702/gesda-platform/banner/tr-4-lens-1-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology-2026_image__TR-4.Lens.1_The_Geopolitics_of_Science_and_Technology_uqd8cl.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760330702/gesda-platform/banner/tr-4-lens-1-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology-2026_image__TR-4.Lens.1_The_Geopolitics_of_Science_and_Technology_uqd8cl.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760330702/gesda-platform/banner/tr-4-lens-1-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology-2026_image__TR-4.Lens.1_The_Geopolitics_of_Science_and_Technology_uqd8cl.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760330702/gesda-platform/banner/tr-4-lens-1-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology-2026_image__TR-4.Lens.1_The_Geopolitics_of_Science_and_Technology_uqd8cl.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760330702/gesda-platform/banner/tr-4-lens-1-the-geopolitics-of-science-and-technology-2026_image__TR-4.Lens.1_The_Geopolitics_of_Science_and_Technology_uqd8cl.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"6891b5577139278031820b48","name":"Henry Farrell","slug":"henry-farrell","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1754379561/gesda-platform/person/henry-farrell_photo__Henry_Farrell_lex2i6.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1754379561/gesda-platform/person/henry-farrell_photo__Henry_Farrell_lex2i6.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1754379561/gesda-platform/person/henry-farrell_photo__Henry_Farrell_lex2i6.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b10b","name":"Federica du Pasquier","slug":"federica-du-pasquier","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987112/gesda-22/person/federica-du-pasquier_photo__Unknown_x5loqw.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68ec90d77269265f6e27295d","path":"/science-anticipation/gesd-as-approach-to-science-anticipation-2026","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"New breakthroughs in science and technology development are causing us to experience rapid changes in our understanding of ourselves as humans, how our societies work and how we live with our planet. However, science and technology development, whilst playing a huge role in driving changes to the world around us and our understanding of ourselves, do not happen by themselves. Rather, they are the result of a multi-year, or more often multi-decade, endeavour by science and research communities around the globe. The imaginings and aspirations of this community, and the multiple goals that they are striving towards, therefore, provide a vital glimpse into the possible futures that may one day come to pass, be that in the development of cures for terminal diseases, the understanding of the connectivities and interdependencies of entire ecosystems on- and off-planet, or the discovery of new mathematical paradigms that can unlock new modes of manufacturing or computation.\n"},"slug":"gesd-as-approach-to-science-anticipation-2026","name":"GESDA's approach to science anticipation 2026","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"New breakthroughs in science and technology development are causing us to experience rapid changes in our understanding of ourselves as humans, how our societies work and how we live with our planet. However, science and technology development, whilst playing a huge role in driving changes to the world around us and our understanding of ourselves, do not happen by themselves. Rather, they are the result of a multi-year, or more often multi-decade, endeavour by science and research communities around the globe. The imaginings and aspirations of this community, and the multiple goals that they are striving towards, therefore, provide a vital glimpse into the possible futures that may one day come to pass, be that in the development of cures for terminal diseases, the understanding of the connectivities and interdependencies of entire ecosystems on- and off-planet, or the discovery of new mathematical paradigms that can unlock new modes of manufacturing or computation.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760339027/gesda-platform/banner/introductory-essay-gesda-approach-to-science-2026_image__Introductory_Essay_-_Gesda_approach_to_science_2026_bic6yd.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760339027/gesda-platform/banner/introductory-essay-gesda-approach-to-science-2026_image__Introductory_Essay_-_Gesda_approach_to_science_2026_bic6yd.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760339027/gesda-platform/banner/introductory-essay-gesda-approach-to-science-2026_image__Introductory_Essay_-_Gesda_approach_to_science_2026_bic6yd.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760339027/gesda-platform/banner/introductory-essay-gesda-approach-to-science-2026_image__Introductory_Essay_-_Gesda_approach_to_science_2026_bic6yd.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760339027/gesda-platform/banner/introductory-essay-gesda-approach-to-science-2026_image__Introductory_Essay_-_Gesda_approach_to_science_2026_bic6yd.webp"}}}},"parent":{"id":"6699c7a8a57706da9174ca1f","path":"/science-anticipation","slug":"science-anticipation","name":"Science Anticipation"},"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1c1","name":"Michael O. Hengartner","slug":"michael-o-hengartner","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"President of the ETH Board since February 2020.\n\nMichael O. Hengartner served as Rector of the University of Zurich (UZH) from February 2014 to January 2020. From 2016 until his resignation as Rector of the UZH, he also served as President of swissuniversities. Michael Hengartner has dual Swiss and Canadian citizenship. He grew up in Quebec City where he studied biochemistry at the Université Laval. In 1994 he was awarded his doctorate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the laboratory of Nobel Laureate H. Robert Horvitz. After that, he headed a research group at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in the USA until 2001. In 2001, he was appointed to the newly established Ernst Hadorn Endowed Professorship at the Institute of Molecular Biology at the UZH. From 2009 to 2014, he was Dean of the Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of the UZH. \n\nMichael Hengartner completed an Executive MBA at IMD Lausanne and has been honoured with numerous awards for his ground-breaking research on the molecular basis of apoptosis, including the Swiss National Latsis Prize in 2006. In 2010, he received the Credit Suisse Award for Best Teaching from the University of Zurich. Michael Hengartner was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Sorbonne University in 2016. The UZH rector received the award in recognition of his research in molecular biology and his services to society."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987413/gesda-22/person/michael-o-hengartner_photo__Michael_Hengartner_2020_web-c_jmxj5n.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b1aa","name":"Martin Müller","slug":"martin-muller","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Müller leads the science anticipation work at GESDA. As such, he is in close interaction with the global scientific community in order to understand what is cooking in the labs and how future breakthroughs will impact humanity and the planet. The continuously updated GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar is the outcome of this anticipatory work.\n\nDr Müller has a long experience working at the interface between science, science policy and diplomacy. After an initial stay in academia and completing a doctoral degree in biomedical engineering, Dr Müller joined SwissCore – the Swiss Contact Office for Education, Research and Innovation (ERI) – in Brussels and worked at the interface of science, science policy and diplomacy, first as a research advisor and then as co-director. In this role, he helped shape the involvement and safeguard the influence of Swiss ERI organizations with respect to the European Union, its institutional bodies and related organisations, at a critical time in Swiss-EU relations. In addition, Mr Müller held leadership roles in pan-European science organizations, such as chair of the Science Europe working group on Horizon Europe, the EU’s €80 billion research and innovation programme, and coordinator of a large pan-European initiative on strategic planning and funding for research facilities. He joined GESDA in September 2019 as Executive Director of the Academic Forum. "},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1668987367/gesda-22/person/martin-muller_photo__image_xo5kna.jpg"}}}}},{"id":"65c55d249e947c438698b24d","name":"Sophie Gilbert","slug":"sophie-gilbert","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Sophie Gilbert manages the GESDA Science Breakthrough Radar®, an annual report anticipating advances in science and technology over the next 5, 10 and 25 years.\nShe joined GESDA from the Wellcome Trust, the world’s second-largest not-for-profit organisation dedicated to science and public health, where she managed a multi-million-pound research portfolio in the clinical and discovery life sciences. Before joining Wellcome, Sophie worked in academia, gaining her PhD in biochemistry from the University of Oxford.\nFollowing this, she spent time at Imperial College London and later University College London as a postdoctoral research associate, with research interests relating to stem cell development and genetics.\nSophie has a keen interest in translating scientific discoveries to a wide audience: she has authored an illustrated book on genetic modification for children and received a number of awards for outreach and communication during her time as an academic.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1727335668/gesda-platform/person/sophie-gilbert_photo__sophie-gilbert_photo__Sophie_Gilbert_xkhcaw_vimy3a.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"68ec9c5f7269265f6e272a30","path":"/science-lens-future-of-research","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"This report anticipates key challenges related to future developments in international science and technology research. It then outlines potential opportunities for action and concludes with a detailed analysis of individual case studies for these opportunities.\n"},"slug":"science-lens-future-of-research","name":"Science Lens: Future of research","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Landmark Report","badge":"2025","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"This report anticipates key challenges related to future developments in international science and technology research. It then outlines potential opportunities for action and concludes with a detailed analysis of individual case studies for these opportunities.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760336438/gesda-platform/banner/future-of-research-2026-science-lens_image__INT-08_Science_Lens-_Future_of_Research_fi7eq8.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1760336438/gesda-platform/banner/future-of-research-2026-science-lens_image__INT-08_Science_Lens-_Future_of_Research_fi7eq8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1760336438/gesda-platform/banner/future-of-research-2026-science-lens_image__INT-08_Science_Lens-_Future_of_Research_fi7eq8.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760336438/gesda-platform/banner/future-of-research-2026-science-lens_image__INT-08_Science_Lens-_Future_of_Research_fi7eq8.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760336438/gesda-platform/banner/future-of-research-2026-science-lens_image__INT-08_Science_Lens-_Future_of_Research_fi7eq8.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"65c55d199e947c438698b068","name":"Landmark Report","slug":"landmark-report"}],"people":[{"id":"6891c0007139278031820b7a","name":"Sabina Leonelli","slug":"sabina-leonelli","openGraph":{"description":null,"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1754382326/gesda-platform/person/sabina-leonelli_photo__Sabina_Leonelli_mbxb4l.webp","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1754382326/gesda-platform/person/sabina-leonelli_photo__Sabina_Leonelli_mbxb4l.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1754382326/gesda-platform/person/sabina-leonelli_photo__Sabina_Leonelli_mbxb4l.webp"}}}}},{"id":"68eca17b7269265f6e272a81","name":"Richard Williams","slug":"richard-williams","openGraph":{"description":{"text":"Dr Richard Williams joined TUM in 2025 as a postdoctoral researcher in the Philosophy of Open Science research group in the Department of Science, Technology and Society, Technical University of Munich. His research explores philosophy and policy and how open science practices across diverse research environments can and should inform public policy."},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760337975/gesda-platform/person/richard-williams_photo__Richard_Williams_ktw1tb.jpg","thumbnails":{"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1760337975/gesda-platform/person/richard-williams_photo__Richard_Williams_ktw1tb.jpg","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1760337975/gesda-platform/person/richard-williams_photo__Richard_Williams_ktw1tb.jpg"}}}}}],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}},{"data":{"id":"6925aeb84c4c97566d05cf83","path":"/how-to-read-the-radar","summary":{"plain":""},"intro":{"plain":"“Science and technology developments rarely occur suddenly, or in isolation. Rather, they are the result of a multi-year, or more often multi-decade, endeavour by science and research communities around the globe. As such, the imaginings and aspirations of these communities, and the multiple goals that they are striving towards, provide a vital glimpse into the possible futures that may one day come to pass.”\nIntroductory essay: GESDA’s approach to science anticipation (Radar 2026)\n"},"slug":"how-to-read-the-radar","name":"How to read the Radar","__typename":"Page","_schema":{"label":"Page","pluralLabel":"Pages"},"typeLabel":"Explainer","badge":"","trend":null,"openGraph":{"description":{"plain":"“Science and technology developments rarely occur suddenly, or in isolation. Rather, they are the result of a multi-year, or more often multi-decade, endeavour by science and research communities around the globe. As such, the imaginings and aspirations of these communities, and the multiple goals that they are striving towards, provide a vital glimpse into the possible futures that may one day come to pass.”\nIntroductory essay: GESDA’s approach to science anticipation (Radar 2026)\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1764077041/gesda-platform/banner/methodology-2026-1_image__Methodology_2026_1_rzrrjp.webp","thumbnails":{"bubble":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_64/v1764077041/gesda-platform/banner/methodology-2026-1_image__Methodology_2026_1_rzrrjp.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_128/v1764077041/gesda-platform/banner/methodology-2026-1_image__Methodology_2026_1_rzrrjp.webp"},"card":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_480/v1764077041/gesda-platform/banner/methodology-2026-1_image__Methodology_2026_1_rzrrjp.webp","url2x":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/c_limit,w_960/v1764077041/gesda-platform/banner/methodology-2026-1_image__Methodology_2026_1_rzrrjp.webp"}}}},"parent":null,"types":[{"id":"66f4fda4c69ef81fc09ac178","name":"Explainer","slug":"explainer"}],"people":[],"connectedTrends":[],"connectedTopics":[]}}]}}}