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\n\n**Contemplation** is a self-reflective exercise of the scientific community when called on to anticipate the impacts of research. Contemplation connects present actions with future impacts. The future is the result of what happens in the present, and so the goal is to evaluate today’s actions in light of what is anticipated, to ensure a desirable future in which science benefits humanity to the full extent possible. To be comprehensive and adequate, contemplation requires integrating two complementary approaches: *prospective* and *retrospective* anticipation.\n\nProspective anticipation relies on foresight tools to create a pathway to a desirable future. This form of anticipation deploys linear and systemic thinking to predict and/or guide what science and technology will make possible in the future. Typical tools include trend reports, horizon scans, scenario planning or pathway development.\n\nRetrospective anticipation deploys the power of creativity to generate utopian and dystopian futures — to make the “unthinkable” thinkable. These “unthinkable” futures serve as the basis for reflecting on present practices, critically assessing foresight and its assumptions, and generating alternative worldviews of how science and technology can shape human civilisation’s future. This perspective creates discontinuity. By creating a gap between the present and future, retrospective anticipation aims to reshape mindsets and change how scientific (and social) progress is perceived and addressed in the present.\n\n**Control:** When contemplation indicates that the present trajectory of scientific progress must be corrected to achieve desirable future outcomes, the scientific community must activate and manage that trajectory. The most effective way to achieve this result is self-regulation, which refers to self-imposed constraints on scientific freedom. Self-regulation is led by scientists and directed toward scientists, although it may be influenced by external factors — for instance, by a pressing social need. It is independent of political institutions and the legal system, although it may be reinforced by outside forces in the form of laws and regulations.\n\nExamples of self-regulatory controls are guidelines identifying standards and best practices; statements of principles of conduct; norms of conduct within collective arrangements such as research consortia; and outright moratoria on contentious areas of research.\n\nThe biomedical field offers several successful examples of self-regulation. The *Bermuda Principles*, mandating that all DNA sequence data be released in publicly accessible databases within twenty-four hours after generation, marked a departure from a tradition of making experimental data available only after publication and have become the norm in the field of genomics. The 1975 *Asilomar Conference on Recombinant DNA*, which convened 153 molecular biologists, sixteen journalists, and four lawyers to discuss the future of research and applications of recombinant DNA technology, produced a risk-based typology of research activities that is still the blueprint for these kinds of experiments, and led to a moratorium on riskier research pending the construction of facilities where this could be conducted safely. The *International Summit on Human Gene Editing*, which convened scientists to define a responsible pathway to experimenting with germline gene editing on humans, concluded its third edition with an organisers’ statement that these experiments are premature because appropriate governance is still insufficient.\n\n**Communication:** Finally, responsible anticipation demands that scientists explain to the public and policymakers why and how they have decided to manage the trajectory of scientific progress. Communication must be broad in scope, including information on the anticipatory processes and approaches used to generate ideas and the need for self-regulation, the values underlying self-regulatory processes and outcomes, and a vision of the next steps of responsible anticipation.\n\nThe goal is to inform nonscientists of the outcome of self-reflective and self-regulatory practices, to foster trust in the scientific community and science, and to empower citizens and policymakers with knowledge that can serve as the basis for formulating policies that balance risks and opportunities of scientific progress, while advancing human rights and promoting intergenerational justice.\n\nResponsible anticipation is successfully practiced in the biomedical field because it is an area of science which very quickly comes into contact with societal values, opening up scenarios which could quickly challenge the collective understanding of what it means to be “human.” Scientists in the biomedical field operate in a highly regulated environments, with a long tradition of professional ethics dating back to the Hippocratic Oath at the origins of medicine and experimentation with the human body. \n\nThe achievements of responsible anticipation have thus far been less significant in other, less historically conditioned, fields of science. In the fields of AI and geoengineering, for example, governance has developed in regulatory environments that are much less structured than in biomedicine. In AI or geoengineering, scientists are thus freer to choose different paths, and responsible anticipation is therefore more challenging to coordinate. This is evidenced by the proliferation of self-regulatory pronouncements and statements: according to AlgorithmWatch, 167 self-regulatory statements have been produced in AI governance, while Herzog and Parson identified 18 calls for moratoria, including research moratoria, on climate engineering. Paradoxically, the greatest need for fostering a culture and practice of responsible anticipation exists in these less-regulated fields. \n\nAs responsible anticipation becomes more prevalent, we must ensure that scientists commit time and resources, educate themselves about anticipation, and integrate anticipatory practices into their ways of doing science, both in the public and private sectors. Society and governments must support it, commit to taking it seriously and appreciate the value of the scientific community’s efforts to define paths to scientific progress that prioritise the benefits for humanity.\n\nMore thinking must also go into enriching the toolbox to monitor and foster compliance with responsible anticipation. It would be illusory and unrealistic to expect that responsible anticipation prevents all “bad behaviour” among scientists. This is not the goal of anticipatory practices. Their function is to bring scientists together, engage them in a conversation about future impacts, set standards of conduct, and generate insights based on their expertise valuable to society and policymakers to carry on a broader conversation about scientific progress. \n\nUltimately, to be effective and respectful of human rights, the regulation of innovation does not rest in the hands of a single social actor, but it can only emerge from collective action. Focusing on responsible anticipation means organising an essential piece of that process. If scientists do not take it seriously and society also does not believe in its value, a critical opportunity to steer innovation towards a path beneficial for all is missed. \n\n**Further reading** \n\nAlgorithmWatch, ‘AI Ethics Guidelines Global Inventory’, <https://inventory.algorithmwatch.org/database>.\n\nAndrea Boggio, ‘Anticipation in the biosciences and the human right to science’ (2023), <https://ssrn.com/abstract=4522373>.\n\nMegan Herzog and Edward (Ted) A. Parson, ‘Moratoria for Global Governance and Contested Technology: The Case of Climate Engineering,’ *UCLA School of Law, Public Law Research Paper No. 16-17* (2016), [http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2763378](https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2763378).\n\nGary Marchant and Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez, ‘Soft Law 2.0: An Agile and Effective Governance Approach for Artificial Intelligence,’ *Minnesota Journal of Law, Science & Technology Minnesota* 24: 375 (2023), https://ssrn.com/abstract=4473812.\n\nAndy Parker, ‘Governing solar geoengineering research as it leaves the laboratory’, *Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences* 372: 20140173 (2014), https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/mjlst/vol24/iss2/4.\n\nSebastian M. Pfotenhauer et al., ‘Mobilizing the private sector for responsible innovation in neurotechnology,’ *Nature* *Biotechnology* 39: 661 (2021), https://doi.org/10.1038/s41587-021-00947-y.\n\nAnna Su, ‘The Promise and Perils of International Human Rights Law for AI Governance,’ *Law, Technology and Humans* 4: 166 (2022), <https://doi.org/10.5204/lthj.2332>."},"titleRich":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b023_titleRich","text":""},"subtitleRich":{"id":"65c55d169e947c438698b023_subtitleRich","text":""},"openGraph":{"title":"Responsible Anticipation","description":{"plain":"We live in times of great acceleration in science and technology. This acceleration promises breakthroughs with transformative impacts on human life and the planet. Anticipating these breakthroughs is critical to ensuring that we can harness the most benefits from them. 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Policy","title":null,"slug":"privacy-policy","path":"/privacy-policy"},"summary":{"text":"Humankind is facing global challenges that are placing people and the planet under stress and in great uncertainty.\n\nAt the same time, breakthroughs in science and technology are occurring at an unprecedented pace – but the full ramifications of these breakthroughs are not always evident.\n\nAnticipation, therefore, is key to building the future by fully leveraging the potential of new science and technology advances to improve well-being and promote inclusive development.\n\nThe Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA) Foundation was created in 2019 in Geneva to tackle this issue, as a think tank and do tank."},"thumbnail":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760413449/gesda-platform/site/gesda-radar-website_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-14_at_11.42.59_o2cgxm.png"},"openGraph":{"title":"GESDA","date":"2026-09-16T00:16:49.08","description":{"plain":"Humankind is facing global challenges that are placing people and the planet under stress and in great uncertainty.\nAt the same time, breakthroughs in science and technology are occurring at an unprecedented pace – but the full ramifications of these breakthroughs are not always evident.\nAnticipation, therefore, is key to building the future by fully leveraging the potential of new science and technology advances to improve well-being and promote inclusive development.\nThe Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA) Foundation was created in 2019 in Geneva to tackle this issue, as a think tank and do tank.\n"},"image":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760413449/gesda-platform/site/gesda-radar-website_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-14_at_11.42.59_o2cgxm.png","type":"image/png","thumbnails":{"full":{"url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760413449/gesda-platform/site/gesda-radar-website_thumbnail__Screenshot_2025-10-14_at_11.42.59_o2cgxm.png"}}}},"termsAndConditions":{"text":""},"privacyPolicy":{"text":"At the Geneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (hereafter referred to as ‘GESDA’), we respect your privacy. We want to ensure that you get the information, content, and experiences that matter most to you. GESDA is committed to protecting the privacy of its stakeholders, communities, and other contacts.\n\n## Scope\n\nThis privacy policy applies to all personal data processed by full-time and part-time employees, volunteers when acting on behalf of GESDA, contractors and partners doing business on behalf of GESDA, as well as all legal entities, all operating locations in all countries, and all business processes conducted by GESDA.\n\n## Information Collected\n\n#### What information do we collect?\n\nGESDA collects the following personal data in line with the use purposes explained in a subsequent section:\n\n  * Your name and contact details\n  * Online profile data/usage\n  * Contact information\n  * Social media profile information\n  * Education and professional information\n  * Registration and participation in GESDA events and activities - Information about service usage\n  * Cookies\n  * Authentication data\n  * Location information\n  * Author and peer review information\n  * Other information you upload or provide to us\n\n#### How do we use your information?\n\nGESDA uses (and, where specified, shares) your personal information for the following purposes:\n\n  * To provide support or other services. GESDA may use your personal information to provide you with support or other services that you have ordered or requested. GESDA may also use your personal information to respond directly to your requests for information, including registrations for webinars, or other specific requests, or pass your contact information to the appropriate GESDA supplier or reseller for further follow-up related to your interests.\n  * To provide information based on your needs and respond to your requests. GESDA may use your personal information to provide you with notices of new product releases and service developments.\n  * To administer products. GESDA may contact you if you make use of (digital) products we offer, to confirm certain information (for example, that you did not experience problems in a download process). We may also use this information to confirm compliance with licensing and other terms of use and may share it with your company/institution.\n  * To assist in your participation in GESDA activities. GESDA will communicate with you, if you are participating in certain GESDA activities such as the GESDA Summit, authoring or reviewing a GESDA article, or GESDA humanitarian activities. GESDA may send you information such as update messages related to those activities (such as but not limited to the event's content, and event logistics)\n  * To update you on relevant GESDA events and opportunities. GESDA may communicate with you regarding relevant GESDA events and opportunities.\n  * To protect GESDA content and services. We may use your information to prevent potentially illegal activities and to enforce our terms and conditions.\n  * To get feedback or input from you. In order to deliver products and services of most interest to our stakeholders, from time to time, we may ask you to provide us input and feedback (for example through surveys).\n\n#### How can you control your information?\n\nYou can control the information we have about you and how we use as follows:\n\n  * If you are a registered guest for the GESDA Annual Summit 2021, any request for review, revise or correction of your personal data can be sent to summit@global.gesda specifying your request.\n\n#### Personal data about minors and children\n\nGESDA does not knowingly collect data from or about children under 16 without the permission of parent(s)/guardian(s). If we learn that we have collected personal information from a child under 16, we will delete that information as quickly as possible. If you believe that we might have any information from or about a child under age 16, please contact us.\n\n#### How will you know if the Privacy Policy is changed?\n\nGESDA may update its Privacy Policy from time to time. If we make any material changes you will be notified by means of a notice on our website prior on the date the change becomes effective. We encourage you to periodically review this page for the latest information on our privacy practices.\n\n## Technical And Regulatory Information\n\n#### Logging practices\n\nGESDA automatically records the Internet Protocol (IP) addresses of visitors. The IP address is a unique number assigned to every computer on the internet. Generally, an IP address changes each time you connect to the internet (it is a \"dynamic\" address). Note, however, that if you have a broadband connection, depending on your individual circumstance, the IP address that we collect may contain information that could be deemed identifiable. This is because, with some broadband connections, your IP address doesn't change (it is \"static\") and could be associated with your personal computer.\n\nAs well as recording the IP addresses of users, GESDA may also keep track of sites that users visited immediately prior to visiting GESDA's website and the search terms they used to find it. We keep track of the pages visited on GESDA's website, the amount of time spent on those pages and the types of searches done on them. Your searches remain confidential and anonymous. GESDA uses this information only for statistical purposes to find out which pages users find most useful and to improve the website.\nGESDA also captures and stores information that you transmit. This may include:\n\n  * Browser/Device type/version\n  * Operating system used\n  * Media Access Control (MAC) address\n  * Date and time of the server request\n  * Volume of data transferred\n\n#### External links behaviour\n\nSome of the links on GESDA's websites link to other sites created and maintained by other public- and/or private-sector organizations. GESDA provides these links solely for your information and convenience. When you transfer to an outside website, you are leaving the GESDA domain, and GESDA's information management policies no longer apply. GESDA encourages you to read the privacy statement of each external website that you visit before you provide any personal data.\n\n#### Cookies and web beacons\n\nCookies and web beacons are electronic placeholders that are placed on your device by websites to track your individual movements on that website over time. GESDA uses both session-based cookies (which last only for the duration of the user's session) and persistent cookies (which remain on your device and provide information about the session you are in and waits for the next time you use that site again).\n\nThese cookies and web beacons provide useful information to GESDA, enabling us to recognize repeat users, facilitate the user's access to and use of our sites, allows us to track usage behavior, and to balance the usage of our websites on all GESDA web servers.\nTracking cookies, third-party cookies, and other technologies such as web beacons may be used to process additional information, enable non-core functionalities on the GESDA website and enable third-party functions (such as a social media \"share\" link). We may also include web beacons and other similar technology in promotional email messages to determine whether the messages have been opened.\n\n#### Do Not Track (DNT)\n\nThe online advertising industry has self-regulatory initiatives designed to provide consumers a choice in the types of ads they may see online and to conveniently opt-out from online behavioral ads served by some or all of the companies participating in these programs. Our websites do not respond to DNT consumer browser settings.\n\n#### Responses to legal requests\n\nGESDA reserves the right to share your information to respond to duly authorized information requests of governmental authorities or where required by law.\n\n#### Your data rights\n\nGESDA complies with all applicable data privacy laws and regulations including, but not limited to, the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Under these laws and regulations, you may have certain rights to your data. Should you wish to exercise any of these rights, please send an email request to info@gesda.global with \"Data Privacy Request'' in the subject line and in the email please identify the specific privacy right you request assistance with. Please note additional information may be requested prior to fulfilling a request and that GESDA reserves the right to charge a fee, where permitted, to cover the cost of certain requests.\n\n#### How do I contact you if there is an issue?\nIf you have any questions or concerns about this Privacy Policy or about the use of your personal information, please feel free to contact us by email at info@gesda.global\n\n#### Contact Information\nGeneva Science and Diplomacy Anticipator (GESDA) c/o Fondation Campus Biotech\nChemin des Mines 9\n1202 Geneva\n+41 58 201 02 61\ninfo@gesda.global\n"},"welcomeUrl":"https://radar.gesda.global/app/welcome","welcomeTitle":"Welcome to GESDA and thanks for joining us! 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