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The global population continues to grow, having topped 8 billion in 2022 and forecast to reach over 10 billion by the 2080s.[1](/citation/2025-03-3-3-1/) The growing population will lead to a 30 to 62 per cent increase in food demand by 2050 compared with 2010.[2](/citation/2025-03-3-3-2/) Clearly, agricultural yields must increase, and distribution improve, to ensure adequate nutrition for all.\n\nScientifically informed policies to change global diets, including major decreases in red-meat consumption (as suggested in the planetary health diet), can help to improve environmental and food-system sustainability. Agricultural practices can be improved both to reduce their impacts and to become more resilient against stressors like extreme weather. Genetic-engineering technologies such as CRISPR, along with more traditional breeding practices, are being used to enhance crops and livestock, both in their nutritional value and their environmental resilience. \n\nAI is emerging as a key technology for managing complex systems such as farms and soils. These advances in AI will be complemented by the development of smaller and cheaper in situ sensors, as well as remote sensors, to closely monitor farms. Approaches in nanotechnology can have applications in agriculture, improving soil quality through nano-engineered additives, for example.[3](/citation/2025-03-3-3-3/) This will be vital in mitigating the effects of environmental crises such as climate change and ecosystem degradation. This is particularly important because, in many cases, agriculture already operates with unsustainable practices the impact of which will only be increased by the impending environmental issues.\n\nOn top of these problems is the issue of food quality. Here again, science and technology breakthroughs can help. We know that even in countries where people have access to sufficient calories, diets are often nutritionally suboptimal and must be improved if we are to avoid perpetuating significant health problems. According to the Global Burden of Disease report 2020, 22 per cent of all adult deaths in 2017 were associated with poor diet, with cardiovascular disease as the leading diet-associated cause of death.[4](/citation/2025-03-3-3-4/) Type-2 diabetes, also associated with poor diet, was the ninth leading cause of premature death globally in 2017. This is particularly troubling because the situation is getting worse: in 1990, type-2 diabetes was only the 18<sup>th</sup> leading cause of premature death. Ongoing improvements in the methodology of nutritional studies will help to uncover causal mechanisms behind healthcare problems, however, and to create strategies for optimising and personalising nutrition to take into account the highly individual nature of physiological responses to different types of diet. Science-led personalised nutrition is set to be increasingly important, at least in countries with the infrastructure to support it.\n\n**KEY TAKEAWAYS**\n\nBioengineering can bring more, new and better food to the global market. **Engineering crops and livestock** will be vital as we face the growing nutritional requirements of the large future global population. **Reformatting the ecosystem** involved in food production is also an option. Possible strategies include consideration of pollinators, soil quality (including the soil microbiome) and the use of chemicals and biotechnology for improving yield and reducing the impact of weeds and pests. On top of this, suitably directed research will enable a reworking of the long-standing traditional processes and practices of agriculture. **Reimagining farming** will help to dramatically increase food production. Technologies such as AI-led decision-making and vertical farming are examples of potential paths forward here. As well as increased food quantity, there needs to be consideration of food quality, with a view to giving individuals more opportunities to personalise their nutrition and creating foods with higher nutritional value generally. **Optimising nutrition** in this way could have profound impacts on personal health and significantly reduce the expenditure on healthcare provision in societies that have generally been impacted by widespread prevalence of diet-related health problems such as cardiovascular disease and type-2 diabetes."},"intro":{"text":"Suitably managed and directed, a set of ongoing and future science and technology breakthroughs offer an opportunity to sidestep likely problems with food supply, improve food quality and make the production of food more sustainable."},"anticipatoryImpact":{"text":"Three fundamental questions guide GESDA’s mission and drive its work: Who are we, as humans? How can we all live together? How can we ensure the well-being of humankind and the sustainable future of our planet? We asked researchers from the field to anticipate what impact future breakthroughs could have on each of these dimensions. This wheel summarises their opinions when considering each of these questions, with a higher score indicating high anticipated impact, and vice versa.\n\n* Anticipated impact on who we are as humans\n* Anticipated impact on how we will all live together\n* Anticipated impact on the well-being of humankind and sustainable future of our planet"},"indicatorValues":[{"id":"65c55cf49e947c438698aa95","value":"0.510","numericValue":0.51,"year":2024,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}},{"id":"68a689750ac1330579fd78cd","value":"0.566","numericValue":0.566,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"editions":[{"id":"66ab1bb636a8f2f336a557bf","name":"2024","slug":"2024","numericValue":2024},{"id":"684951c963371e51d83bdf31","name":"2025","slug":"2025","numericValue":2025}],"anticipatoryImpactImage":{"image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/psp-pl-3-25-3-3_image__PSP-PL3_25_3.3_be7312","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760070260/gesda-platform/image-asset/psp-pl-3-25-3-3_image__PSP-PL3_25_3.3_be7312.webp"}},"embeds":{"citations":[{"id":"691a7953c0043bba84a9e3e1","slug":"2025-03-3-3-1","url":"https://www.un.org/en/global-issues/population","name":"Peace, dignity and equality on a healthy planet","authors":[{"id":"65c55c9b9e947c4386989c63","name":"United 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international coordinated action."},"color":{"id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B","darkValue":"#066152","veryDarkValue":"#02201b"},"banner":{"id":"68e8ed0a63d1c853e9788e18","name":"3.3.1 Engineering Crops and Livestock. 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biotechnology techniques bolster the amount of iron and other essential minerals and vitamins on offer, is an increasingly promising option.[6](/citation/2025-03-3-3-6/) Although the factors influencing both the nutrient content of crops and the scale of their absorption by human bodies remain incompletely understood,[7](/citation/2025-03-3-3-7/) many successes in biofortification have already been achieved through conventional breeding, and the potential of genetic-engineering technologies (gene stacking, where two or more novel and useful genes are introduced into a single plant line, is one example) remains largely untapped.[8](/citation/2025-03-3-3-8/)\n\nGenetic engineering can also boost crop yields, for example by re-engineering photosynthesis to boost energy capture.[9](/citation/2025-03-3-3-9/) This can be coupled with improved crop resilience to help cope with droughts,[10](/citation/2025-03-3-3-10/) pests and disease, which together account for 43 per cent of global crop loss.[11](/citation/2025-03-3-3-11/),[12](/citation/2025-03-3-3-12/) Domestication of resilient wild species[13](/citation/2025-03-3-3-13/) could increase agricultural resilience to changing environmental conditions.[14](/citation/2025-03-3-3-14/) RNA sprays, which deliver RNA-based vaccines against diseases to crops, have considerable potential for improving resilience against pathogens.[15](/citation/2025-03-3-3-15/)\n\nEngineering the plant bacterial microbiome can enhance crop production and resilience.[16](/citation/2025-03-3-3-16/) That is especially true for the rhizosphere microbiome associated with plant roots, which can help crops resist disease.[17](/citation/2025-03-3-3-17/) There is also similar potential to engineer livestock.  Already, researchers have used genetic engineering to develop fast-growing AquAdvantage salmon (which has been commercialised), pigs resistant to viral infections and dairy cattle resistant to mastitis.[18](/citation/2025-03-3-3-18/)"},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate: \n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs. \n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e8a0d863d1c853e9788cba","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-1-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.1_sub_anti_2026_ddqbjd","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760075978/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-1-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.1_sub_anti_2026_ddqbjd.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcb131dec39db691bd926","name":"Genetic engineering of plant metabolism improves efficiency","slug":"genetic-engineering-of-plant-metabolism-improves-efficiency","intro":{"text":"Genetic engineering of plant metabolism improves efficiency"},"description":{"text":"Advances in fundamental understanding of photosynthetic processes enable genetic engineering of the system to improve efficiency. AI identifies optimal targets for genetic engineering of the plant microbiome."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89a","name":"5-year horizon","slug":"5-year-horizon","years":5,"title":"5-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcb341dec39db691bd92b","name":"Engineering approaches become mainstream","slug":"engineering-approaches-become-mainstream","intro":{"text":"Engineering approaches become mainstream"},"description":{"text":"Crops with enhanced photosynthetic efficiency are routinely engineered. First commercial RNA vaccines for crop diseases are created. Meat from genetically engineered livestock is widely available. First food proteins are derived from carbon dioxide by genome-edited microorganisms. "},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89b","name":"10-year horizon","slug":"10-year-horizon","years":10,"title":"10-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcb4e1dec39db691bd930","name":"New foods come to market","slug":"new-foods-come-to-market","intro":{"text":"New foods come to market"},"description":{"text":"Multiple new strains of cereals are domesticated by genetic engineering from wild species. Understanding of the plant microbiome allows symbiotic relationships to be engineered to maximise crop resilience and yield. Global lab-grown meat that replicates the sensory experience of animal meat achieves price parity."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89c","name":"25-year horizon","slug":"25-year-horizon","years":25,"title":"25-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}}],"indicatorValues":[{"id":"65c55cf49e947c438698aa8b","value":"0.447","numericValue":0.447,"year":2024,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}},{"id":"68ede240af9e6d6d63270f86","value":"0.500","numericValue":0.5,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"embeds":{"citations":[{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-5","url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2019.00114","name":"Plant Genome Engineering for Targeted Improvement of Crop Traits","authors":[{"name":"Khalid Sedeek et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Frontiers in Plant Science","accessDate":null,"startPage":null,"volume":10,"footnoteNumber":5,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-6","url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants9010073","name":"Biofortification of Pulse Crops: Status and Future Perspectives","authors":[{"name":"Ambuj B. 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Research identifying threats to pollinators, for instance, allows the development of interventions.[19](/citation/2025-03-3-3-19/) Genetic engineering has been used to modify symbiotic microorganisms living in honeybees, protecting them against *Varroa* mites[20](/citation/2025-03-3-3-20/) and the *Nosema* parasite.[21](/citation/2025-03-3-3-21/) It may also be possible to engineer plants towards being more efficiently pollinated.[22](/citation/2025-03-3-3-22/)"},"description":{"text":"Research is increasing the specificity of pesticides, reducing unintended effects on non-target organisms and thus mitigating harm to crucial parts of the food chain and natural pest controls. Alternatives to pesticides, such as RNA sprays, are in development.[23](/citation/2025-03-3-3-23/) There is also growing attention being paid to gene drives. These are heritable edits to the genes of a specific organism that will spread through a population when the edited organisms are released into the ecosystem. They can be used to render populations incapable of spreading disease or to control the reproduction of invasive species,[24](/citation/2025-03-3-3-24/) although further research is required to avoid unintended consequences.[25](/citation/2025-03-3-3-25/)\n\nNovel means of enhancing soils with nutrients, such as the addition of biochar (a charcoal-like substance made from anaerobic burning of organic material), are being explored.[26](/citation/2025-03-3-3-26/) Understanding the soil microbiome, including competition among microbes, is key.[27](/citation/2025-03-3-3-27/) Conserving or restoring the soil microbiome is also important, and has been shown to accelerate plant biomass production by more than 60 per cent, making it a priority task.[28](/citation/2025-03-3-3-28/) Knowledge gaps in the role of cropping systems in soil health remain,[29](/citation/2025-03-3-3-29/),[30](/citation/2025-03-3-3-30/) but improving understanding of fundamental ecosystem properties, especially feedback mechanisms and complex interactions, should help close them. "},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate: \n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs. \n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e895e363d1c853e9788bf1","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-2-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.2_sub_anti_2026_njs8vf","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760073167/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-2-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.2_sub_anti_2026_njs8vf.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcc021dec39db691bd94f","name":"Technology helps improve soil health","slug":"technology-helps-improve-soil-health","intro":{"text":"Technology helps improve soil health"},"description":{"text":"Analyses of soil microbiome identify key species and interactions, while cheaper and smaller sensors enable more systematic monitoring of soil health. Effective microbial and multiple-genome editing tools enable microbiome engineering. Blight-resistant potatoes are developed. 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Stable synthetic microbial communities are developed."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89b","name":"10-year horizon","slug":"10-year-horizon","years":10,"title":"10-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcc371dec39db691bd959","name":"Small-scale interventions preserve productivity","slug":"small-scale-interventions-preserve-productivity","intro":{"text":"Small-scale interventions preserve productivity"},"description":{"text":"The interactions between farms and their ecosystems are tracked through a widespread rollout of monitoring systems, allowing interventions that enhance agricultural productivity and prevent degradation of the natural environment. Gene-stacking and AI enable editing of organisms within the soil microbiome, significantly boosting its utility."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89c","name":"25-year horizon","slug":"25-year-horizon","years":25,"title":"25-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}}],"indicatorValues":[{"id":"65c55cf49e947c438698aa5a","value":"0.527","numericValue":0.527,"year":2024,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}},{"id":"68ede267af9e6d6d63270f95","value":"0.600","numericValue":0.6,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"embeds":{"citations":[{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-19","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-020-01043-w","name":"Pollination ecosystem services: A comprehensive review of economic values, research funding and policy actions","authors":[{"name":"Rafaella Gimarães Porto et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Food Sec.","accessDate":null,"startPage":1425,"volume":12,"footnoteNumber":19,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-20","url":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax9039","name":"Engineered symbionts activate honey bee immunity and limit pathogens","authors":[{"name":"Sean P. 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R. Soc. B.","accessDate":null,"startPage":null,"volume":286,"footnoteNumber":24,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-25","url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0803","name":"Control of malaria-transmitting mosquitoes using gene drives","authors":[{"name":"Tony Nolan"}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Phil. Trans. R. Soc. 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These include reduced food miles, reduced water use (watering systems are closed) and cuts in chemical pollution from fertilisers.[42](/citation/2025-03-3-3-42/) Making vertical farming economically viable remains challenging, however.[43](/citation/2025-03-3-3-43/)"},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate: \n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs. \n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e89e0e63d1c853e9788c7e","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-3-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.3_sub_anti_2026_jpkoas","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760075262/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-3-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.3_sub_anti_2026_jpkoas.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcd521dec39db691bd977","name":"Research improves new approaches to farming","slug":"research-improves-new-approaches-to-farming","intro":{"text":"Research improves new approaches to farming"},"description":{"text":"Studies of the economics of vertical farming identify the key choke-points currently limiting the technology. Improved characterisation of biochemical interactions between plants enables rational design of mixed-cropping systems. Nanotech sensors monitor crop plants for stressors and other key variables. Biomass fermentation is used to enhance nutritional value of plant-based foods and improve taste and texture."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89a","name":"5-year horizon","slug":"5-year-horizon","years":5,"title":"5-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcd771dec39db691bd97c","name":"Farming technologies create new processes for food production","slug":"farming-technologies-create-new-processes-for-food-production","intro":{"text":"Farming technologies create new processes for food production"},"description":{"text":"Cultured meat reaches price parity with conventionally produced meat via precision fermentation of micronutrients and macronutrients that help reproduce conventional texture and mouthfeel. Technologies such as AI and the “internet of things” radically improve farming practices. "},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89b","name":"10-year horizon","slug":"10-year-horizon","years":10,"title":"10-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afce371dec39db691bd981","name":"Nanotech and biotech provide foundation for efficient farming","slug":"nanotech-and-biotech-provide-foundation-for-efficient-farming","intro":{"text":"Nanotech and biotech provide foundation for efficient farming"},"description":{"text":"Widespread use of nanotechnology delivery systems for pesticides and other interventions see widespread use. Biofertilisers replace chemical fertilisers in many countries. Farmers have access to predictive analytics, which guide all practices, as well as seeds and products designed specifically for their own complex systems. Cultivated meat is available in structured forms, such as steaks. Reduced cost of producing highly nutritious and palatable fermented products and cultivated meat means that traditionally undernourished communities are better fed."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89c","name":"25-year horizon","slug":"25-year-horizon","years":25,"title":"25-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}}],"indicatorValues":[{"id":"65c55cf49e947c438698aae5","value":"0.553","numericValue":0.553,"year":2024,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}},{"id":"68ede296af9e6d6d63270fa4","value":"0.600","numericValue":0.6,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"embeds":{"citations":[{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-31","url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2020.2998584","name":"IoT, Big Data and and Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture and Food Industry","authors":[{"name":"Nhrusimha Nath Misra et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"IEEE Internet of Things Journal","accessDate":null,"startPage":6305,"volume":9,"footnoteNumber":31,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-32","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiia.2019.05.004","name":"A comprehensive review on automation in agriculture using artificial intelligence","authors":[{"name":"Kirtan Jha et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture","accessDate":null,"startPage":1,"volume":2,"footnoteNumber":32,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-33","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2020.09.003","name":"The potential of remote sensing and artificial intelligence as tools to improve the resilience of agriculture production systems","authors":[{"name":"Jinha Jung et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Current Opinion in Biotechnology","accessDate":null,"startPage":15,"volume":70,"footnoteNumber":33,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-3-34","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-00808-7","name":"Species-independent analytical tools for next-generation agriculture","authors":[{"name":"Tedrick T. 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Gaining such insights involves monitoring individual responses to particular foods — including considerations of the age at which they are introduced and of the role of the individual’s gut microbiome. This has already shown potential to aid the development of a number of important health measures, such as tools for preventing the onset of obesity or food addiction.[45](/citation/2025-03-3-3-45/)\n\nA key challenge is to understand the interactions between diet and the gut microbiome.[46](/citation/2025-03-3-3-46/) Physiologists have learned that the gut and brain are strongly connected, interacting through links dubbed the “gut-brain axis”.[47](/citation/2025-03-3-3-47/) Alterations to diet can impact the microbiome,[48](/citation/2025-03-3-3-48/) with knock-on effects for multiple bodily systems including the immune system and even mental health.[49](/citation/2025-03-3-3-49/) People’s individual gut flora differ significantly, so understanding the microbiome is key to personalising nutrition.[50](/citation/2025-03-3-3-50/)"},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. 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See [methodology](/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e89b2263d1c853e9788c3f","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-4-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.4_sub_anti_2026_llxv7x","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760074514/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-3-4-sub-anti-2026_image__3.3.4_sub_anti_2026_llxv7x.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afcec31dec39db691bd99f","name":"Research gives a clearer view of the gut microbiome’s role","slug":"research-gives-a-clearer-view-of-the-gut-microbiomes-role","intro":{"text":"Research gives a clearer view of the gut microbiome’s role"},"description":{"text":"Focused investigations achieve a systematic characterisation of individual variation in gut flora in multiple populations. 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