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As soon as 2070, 33 per cent of land will see significant changes in the types of plants that can survive — and that is assuming drastic cuts in greenhouse-gas emissions.[6](/citation/2025-03-3-2-6/) The biosphere is changing around us, largely because of us.\n\nSteps are being taken to avert the worst impacts. Governments agreed in 2022 to establish protected areas covering 30 per cent of Earth’s land and sea area by 2030.[7](/citation/2025-03-3-2-7/) It remains to be seen whether and how this will actually be enacted. As of 2024, just 17.6 per cent of land and inland waters and 8.4 per cent of the ocean and coastal areas are within protected areas.[8](/citation/2025-03-3-2-8/)\n\nMassive increases in the volume and diversity of ecological data are providing ever-greater understanding of the ecological changes that are occurring and of the processes that underpin them. This should enable us to predict dangerous ecological transitions and take steps to avert them, and to design more effective and fair conservation and sustainable-use actions. Some interventions may involve novel high-tech solutions such as genetic modification. However, all will require an appreciation of the role of human cultures in ecosystems[9](/citation/2025-03-3-2-9/) and a wide discussion of the ethical and political implications well beyond the technical aspects.[10](/citation/2025-03-3-2-10/),[11](/citation/2025-03-3-2-11/),[12](/citation/2025-03-3-2-12/)\n\n\n**KEY TAKEAWAYS**\n\nEcosystems are essential to our survival and wellbeing, but many are transforming fast as a result of human activities. In a world of **Ecosystems in rapid transition**, it is essential to develop new methods and models to understand them, and to devise improved ethical guidance for how to manage them. Fortunately, ecology is seeing unprecedented **Innovations in data-gathering**, including a multitude of new types of data and methods of acquiring data. This is leading to a big increase in our capacity to discover and assess the key components of the biosphere, although access to these new tools and their products is still unequal among countries and sectors. A major lesson from modern ecology is that humanity and the rest of the biosphere are intrinsically linked, so we need to construct **Connected social-ecological futures** in which both humans and other life can thrive. This requires major advances in incorporating futures thinking into ecosystem modelling, including deeper integration with social, political and economic science. Such holistic understandings of ecosystems will be necessary to navigate the challenges and opportunities posed by **Modified and artificial life**. There is scope to use modified organisms to reduce the spread of disease, protect species and restore ecosystems — which is both exciting and profoundly morally challenging, with technological advancements sometimes progressing faster than regulatory frameworks. Not only will more information be needed to navigate this fast-transforming world: most of our conceptual frameworks and ecological narratives will also need to change."},"intro":{"text":"Ecosystems are utterly essential to human survival and success, providing everything from clean water and food to homes and well-being. Yet life on Earth faces multiple threats, from infrastructure encroachment, pollution and over-exploitation to climate change.[1](/citation/2025-03-3-2-1/) These factors are accelerating and expanding in scale, often originating very far from the impacted places. Consequently, it is essential to improve our understanding of how ecosystems are changing in order to build a future where humans and nonhuman life thrive."},"anticipatoryImpact":{"text":"Three fundamental questions guide GESDA’s mission and drive its work: Who are we, as humans? How can we all live together? How can we ensure the well-being of humankind and the sustainable future of our planet? We asked researchers from the field to anticipate what impact future breakthroughs could have on each of these dimensions. This wheel summarises their opinions when considering each of these questions, with a higher score indicating high anticipated impact, and vice versa.\n\n* Anticipated impact on who we are as humans\n* Anticipated impact on how we will all live together\n* Anticipated impact on the well-being of humankind and sustainable future of our planet"},"indicatorValues":[{"id":"68a692e10ac1330579fd797f","value":"0.6385","numericValue":0.6385,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"editions":[{"id":"684951c963371e51d83bdf31","name":"2025","slug":"2025","numericValue":2025}],"anticipatoryImpactImage":{"image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/psp-pl-3-25-3-1_image__PSP-PL3_25_3.1_wewk9k","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760070179/gesda-platform/image-asset/psp-pl-3-25-3-1_image__PSP-PL3_25_3.1_wewk9k.webp"}},"embeds":{"citations":[{"id":"691a7918c0043bba84a9e24f","slug":"2025-03-3-2-1","url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553579","name":"Summary for policymakers of the global assessment report on biodiversity and ecosystem services","authors":[{"id":"691a7918c0043bba84a9e24d","name":"S. 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Lecomte","slug":"f-sarrazin-and-j-lecomte"}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Science","accessDate":null,"startPage":922,"volume":351,"footnoteNumber":12,"year":null}],"imageAssets":[]},"surveyObservations":{"text":"Future breakthroughs in Ecology research will draw on advances in many different fields, from evolutionary biology to AI, and will include new conceptual advances in social sciences. This explains the high uncertainty scores and the perception that major breakthroughs are still 10 years away. This does not hold for **Innovations in data-gathering**, where the coming five years will see many important developments, and hence the lower anticipation score for this sub-topic. **Connected social‑ecological futures** have the potential to be the most transformative for society in the future but require strong multilateral collaboration. 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Many ecosystems are not changing fast enough to keep up with the changing climate.[22](/citation/2025-03-3-2-22/),[23](/citation/2025-03-3-2-23/) Furthermore, because species move at different rates, most ecosystems will not simply move but will instead profoundly rearrange themselves. We are witnessing the emergence of unprecedented ecosystems that include unprecedented combinations of species. This is raising potential conflicts between human and non-human rights, and increasing risk to human health from zoonotic diseases such as Ebola and Lyme disease.[24](/citation/2025-03-3-2-24/),[25](/citation/2025-03-3-2-25/)\n\nHumans are directly contributing to transformations by introducing new species to regions where they did not previously exist, either accidentally or purposefully.[26](/citation/2025-03-3-2-26/) Researchers are exploring methods for containing such invasions, including green infrastructure design.[27](/citation/2025-03-3-2-27/) However, these efforts will be complicated by the fact that invasive species can themselves evolve, adapting to their new surroundings.[28](/citation/2025-03-3-2-28/) Indeed, many groups of organisms are now undergoing rapid evolution in response to anthropogenic changes.[29](/citation/2025-03-3-2-29/),[30](/citation/2025-03-3-2-30/) How ecological theory and practice navigate these transitions and novel configurations is facing us with deep dilemmas in terms of ethics and logistics. "},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate:\n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs.\n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](https://radar.gesda.global/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e891c063d1c853e9788baf","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-1-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.1_sub_anti_2026_mtqnif","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760072116/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-1-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.1_sub_anti_2026_mtqnif.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afba161dec39db691bd88a","name":"Effects of novel substances and invasive species are better understood","slug":"effects-of-novel-substances-and-invasive-species-are-better-understood","intro":{"text":"Effects of novel substances and invasive species are better understood"},"description":{"text":"Understanding of the impacts of microplastics on the health of organisms and ecosystems is significantly improved. 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There is growing scope for remote monitoring,[40](/citation/2025-03-3-2-40/),[41](/citation/2025-03-3-2-41/)including from space.[42](/citation/2025-03-3-2-42/) On the scale of individual organisms, tracking devices are increasingly small and smart. AI is being embedded in all these tools.\n\nAlongside these technological advances, there is a second growing source of information and knowledge: Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK). While Indigenous groups have often been shut out of research and conservation,[43](/citation/2025-03-3-2-43/) in more recent decades there have been calls to generate more comprehensive and equitably produced data,[44](/citation/2025-03-3-2-44/) and resulting action.[45](/citation/2025-03-3-2-45/) This more inclusive approach has improved the assessment of endangered-species status[46](/citation/2025-03-3-2-46/) and enabled more effective conservation action.[47](/citation/2025-03-3-2-47/) While combining ILK and normal science can be challenging, conservationists need to build on these early successes and further enrich their work with ILK.[48](/citation/2025-03-3-2-48/)\n\nThis blizzard of new datasets poses a challenge: how do we integrate so many diverse types of data? Can we build them into a global picture — and is that even a useful thing to do? AI could help us process and understand these enormous datasets, but only if they are sufficiently systematic to be learnable.[49](/citation/2025-03-3-2-49/) However, such projects inevitably raise issues of privacy and data sovereignty."},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate:\n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs.\n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](https://radar.gesda.global/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e89d4463d1c853e9788c6c","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-2-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.2_sub_anti_2026_hauioa","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760075064/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-2-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.2_sub_anti_2026_hauioa.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc3a51dec39db691bd8ce","name":"Biosphere data enables study of ecosystem dynamics","slug":"biosphere-data-enables-study-of-ecosystem-dynamics","intro":{"text":"Biosphere data enables study of ecosystem dynamics"},"description":{"text":"An avalanche of new data on the biosphere leads to more replicable results and can overcome some of the biases in our existing datasets. More frequent data collection allows researchers to study ecosystem dynamics rather than just equilibrium states. AI enables the use of old data such as natural-history specimens, recreating lost ecosystem histories. Community science plays a major role in biodiversity research."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89a","name":"5-year horizon","slug":"5-year-horizon","years":5,"title":"5-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc3c91dec39db691bd8d3","name":"Holistic ecosystem data become widely available","slug":"holistic-ecosystem-data-become-widely-available","intro":{"text":"Holistic ecosystem data become widely available"},"description":{"text":"Researchers have an increasingly holistic view of ecosystem change and biodiversity, incorporating information on ecosystem structure, function and contributions to people. Ecosystem models are explicitly dynamic, enabling investigation of multiple interacting drivers. Digital twins of ecosystems — computer models that mimic the dynamics of real systems — offer computer-aided design for ecosystem management."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89b","name":"10-year horizon","slug":"10-year-horizon","years":10,"title":"10-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc3ef1dec39db691bd8d8","name":"Early-warning systems are adopted","slug":"early-warning-systems-are-adopted","intro":{"text":"Early-warning systems are adopted"},"description":{"text":"Early warning systems alert communities to imminent ecosystem transitions, enabling mitigation and adaptation."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89c","name":"25-year horizon","slug":"25-year-horizon","years":25,"title":"25-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}}],"indicatorValues":[{"id":"68ede16caf9e6d6d63270f5c","value":"0.550","numericValue":0.55,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"embeds":{"citations":[{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-31","url":"https://doi.org/10.17226/27285","name":"A vision for continental-scale biology: research across multiple scales","authors":[{"name":"National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine"}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"The National Academies Press","accessDate":null,"startPage":null,"volume":null,"footnoteNumber":31,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-32","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2023.09.017","name":"Novel community data in ecology-properties and prospects","authors":[{"name":"F. Hartig et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","accessDate":null,"startPage":280,"volume":39,"footnoteNumber":32,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-33","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2024.10.007","name":"Describing functional diversity of communities from environmental DNA","authors":[{"name":"I. Cantera et al."}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Trends in Ecology & Evolution","accessDate":null,"startPage":170,"volume":40,"footnoteNumber":33,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-34","url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-024-10767-4","name":"Primed and ready: nanopore metabarcoding can now recover highly accurate consensus barcodes that are generally indel-free","authors":[{"name":"J. J. M. 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There is also a need for models that take into account different philosophical approaches and human values of nature,[69](/citation/2025-03-3-2-69/),[70](/citation/2025-03-3-2-70/) such as envisioning a future of flourishing nature rather than a future of limited decline.[71](/citation/2025-03-3-2-71/) Furthermore, understanding the importance of aspects that cannot be quantified and therefore modelled, for example some Indigenous knowledge approaches or relational values, and using other tools to incorporate these futures, is also critical.[72](/citation/2025-03-3-2-72/),[73](/citation/2025-03-3-2-73/)\n\nGiven the primacy of economics in many societies, it is crucial to further integrate ecology with new forms of economic thinking, which may offer a path to greater sustainability, [74](/citation/2025-03-3-2-74/),[75](/citation/2025-03-3-2-75/),[76](/citation/2025-03-3-2-76/) embracing concepts such as degrowth[77](/citation/2025-03-3-2-77/),[78](/citation/2025-03-3-2-78/),[79](/citation/2025-03-3-2-79/) and reciprocity with non-human life[80](/citation/2025-03-3-2-80/)"},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate:\n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs.\n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](https://radar.gesda.global/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e895b463d1c853e9788bee","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-3-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.3_sub_anti_2026_upahgn","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760073125/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-3-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.3_sub_anti_2026_upahgn.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc4a41dec39db691bd8e5","name":"Models better integrate more diverse socio-economic scenarios","slug":"models-better-integrate-more-diverse-socio-economic-scenarios","intro":{"text":"Models better integrate more diverse socio-economic scenarios"},"description":{"text":"Models better integrate the interactions between biodiversity — nature's contributions to people — and climate change, and are underpinned by more diverse socio-economic and political scenarios, including transformation towards more desirable futures. Ecology is increasingly integrated into economics, enabling forecasting of ecological consequences of monetary policy."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89a","name":"5-year horizon","slug":"5-year-horizon","years":5,"title":"5-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc4c81dec39db691bd8ea","name":"Technology enables more holistic ecosystems models","slug":"technology-enables-more-holistic-ecosystems-models","intro":{"text":"Technology enables more holistic ecosystems models"},"description":{"text":"Technology is used to combine diverse data streams and help generate more holistic models of ecosystems that can be  used to anticipate various possible futures, including non-linear relationships and teleconnections across ecosystems.  Models provide early-warning systems for some non-linear dynamics in ecosystems and include surprise and uncertainty. Ecosystem models successfully incorporate major socio-economic disruptions such as war, human migration, large-scale market collapse, political upheaval and pandemics. Agent-based models become more widely used, improving the ability to account for dynamic interactions between people and nature."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89b","name":"10-year horizon","slug":"10-year-horizon","years":10,"title":"10-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}},{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc4ee1dec39db691bd8ef","name":"Diverse knowledge systems inform decision-making","slug":"diverse-knowledge-systems-inform-decision-making","intro":{"text":"Diverse knowledge systems inform decision-making"},"description":{"text":"The recognition of the validity of diverse knowledge systems enables the integration of models and scenarios with a wider range of narrative storylines.  Including Indigenous and local knowledge systems in models is best practice, enabling more diverse values for nature and a wider range of solutions to inform decision-making."},"color":{"__typename":"Platform_Color","id":"65c55cbc9e947c438698a319","name":"Green","slug":"green","value":"#68AE9B"},"type":{"__typename":"Platform_HorizonType","id":"65c55ce79e947c438698a89c","name":"25-year horizon","slug":"25-year-horizon","years":25,"title":"25-year","subtitle":"horizon"},"embeds":{"citations":[]}}],"indicatorValues":[{"id":"68ede19aaf9e6d6d63270f6a","value":"0.710","numericValue":0.71,"year":2025,"indicator":{"id":"65c55cf29e947c438698aa4d","name":"Anticipation Potential","title":null,"slug":"anticipation-potential","dataSetId":"ANTICIPATION_POTENTIAL","color":null}}],"embeds":{"citations":[{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-50","url":"https://files.ipbes.net/ipbes-web-prod-public-files/downloads/pdf/2016.methodological_assessment_report_scenarios_models.pdf","name":"The methodological assessment report on scenarios and models of biodiversity and ecosystem services","authors":[{"name":"IPBES"}],"authorShowsEtAl":null,"edition":null,"publication":"Secretariat of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services","accessDate":null,"startPage":null,"volume":null,"footnoteNumber":50,"year":null},{"slug":"2025-03-3-2-51","url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2024.110785","name":"The individual-based forest landscape and disturbance model iLand: overview, progress, and outlook","authors":[{"name":"W. 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This raises a host of practical, ethical and cultural questions."},"description":{"text":"To date, the most widely deployed modified organisms are genetically modified crops.[81](/citation/2025-03-3-2-81/) Despite decades of use, our understanding of their environmental impacts remains limited,[82](/citation/2025-03-3-2-82/) and the public view of them remains cautious or even critical.[83](/citation/2025-03-3-2-83/)\n\nMore recently, there have been ongoing efforts to develop genetic techniques for controlling vector-borne diseases[84](/citation/2025-03-3-2-84/) or invasive species.[85](/citation/2025-03-3-2-85/) Many approaches use a gene drive,[86](/citation/2025-03-3-2-86/),[87](/citation/2025-03-3-2-87/),[88](/citation/2025-03-3-2-88/) a technology that ensures a particular version of a gene is inherited and spreads through the population.[89](/citation/2025-03-3-2-89/) This could be used to impair the malaria parasites’ ability to develop and spread,[90](/citation/2025-03-3-2-90/),[91](/citation/2025-03-3-2-91/) or to prevent mosquitoes from reproducing.[92](/citation/2025-03-3-2-92/)[93](/citation/2025-03-3-2-93/),[94](/citation/2025-03-3-2-94/) It could also be used for reducing the populations of invasive rodents in islands.[95](/citation/2025-03-3-2-95/)\n\nHowever, it could be exceedingly difficult to retrieve a gene drive once it has been unleashed. Despite current effort to test and mitigate their risks,[96](/citation/2025-03-3-2-96/),[97](/citation/2025-03-3-2-97/),[98](/citation/2025-03-3-2-98/),[99](/citation/2025-03-3-2-99/),[100](/citation/2025-03-3-2-100/),[101](/citation/2025-03-3-2-101/),[102](/citation/2025-03-3-2-102/) the potential impacts are largely unknown and could be widespread and devastating. Ecological assessments contain an intrinsic uncertainty that imposes limits on the reliability of even the most rigorous processes of gene drive impact assessment.[103](/citation/2025-03-3-2-103/)\n\nOther, possibly more controllable, approaches are being developed, such as precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT).[104](/citation/2025-03-3-2-104/) This scalable system uses CRISPR gene-editing technology to genetically kill females and sterilise males which can be released into the environment at any life stage to emerge as genetically sterile males that will suppress populations. It is currently being tested in the field.[105](/citation/2025-03-3-2-105/)\n\nClearly, all of these innovations and potential interventions raise many unanswered ecological, evolutionary, ethical and political questions.[106](/citation/2025-03-3-2-106/),[107](/citation/2025-03-3-2-107/),[108](/citation/2025-03-3-2-108/),[109](/citation/2025-03-3-2-109/)"},"anticipationScores":{"text":"The Anticipation Potential of a research field is determined by the capacity for impactful action in the present, considering possible future transformative breakthroughs in a field over a 25-year outlook. A field with a high Anticipation Potential, therefore, combines the potential range of future transformative possibilities engendered by a research area with a wide field of opportunities for action in the present. We asked researchers in the field to anticipate:\n\n1. The *uncertainty* related to future science breakthroughs in the field\n2. The *transformative* *effect* anticipated breakthroughs may have on research and society\n3. The *scope for action* in the present in relation to anticipated breakthroughs.\n\nThis chart represents a summary of their responses to each of these elements, which when combined, provide the *Anticipation Potential* for the topic. See [methodology](https://radar.gesda.global/science-anticipation/methodology) for more information."},"anticipationScoresImage":{"id":"68e8955563d1c853e9788be5","image":{"id":"image_gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-4-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.4_sub_anti_2026_uktq6l","url":"https://res.cloudinary.com/shapeable/image/upload/v1760073032/gesda-platform/image-asset/3-2-4-sub-anti-2026_image__3.2.4_sub_anti_2026_uktq6l.webp","url2x":null,"width":1200,"height":1200}},"horizons":[{"__typename":"Platform_Horizon","id":"68afc56c1dec39db691bd8fc","name":"Gene drives and similar tools get closer to field testing","slug":"gene-drives-and-similar-tools-get-closer-to-field-testing","intro":{"text":"Gene drives and similar tools get closer to field testing"},"description":{"text":"Specific approaches such as precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) are field-tested under tightly regulated conditions with biosafety infrastructure in place. Lab research and development of biosafety protocols prepares anti-malaria gene drives for field testing. 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